Shellfish (shrimp, crab, lobster, clams, oysters, mussels)
This page is a scaffolded entry for HMTc Taxonomy v2.0 Category 6 (Seafood), Row 4: Shellfish (shrimp, crab, lobster, clams, oysters, mussels). Evidence ingest into this row is in progress; this page is the routing destination for source-page declarations of products: [shellfish]. Sections below are populated by the routing layer (CLAUDE.md Part 5b) as sources land. Where a section is empty, the row has not yet accumulated contributing sources of the required kind.
Who this page is for
- Brand legal teams
- What the peer-reviewed and regulatory literature reports for heavy-metal occurrence in Shellfish (shrimp, crab, lobster, clams, oysters, mussels), with applicable regulatory caps and source-traceable findings. Use this page to evaluate certification or class-action exposure on a literature-anchored basis.
- Brand regulatory affairs / QA
- The current evidence base for Shellfish (shrimp, crab, lobster, clams, oysters, mussels), the levers most-effective at reducing heavy-metal load, and the applicable regulatory limits with jurisdiction and basis.
- Retailers and category buyers
- The row-level assortment risk profile and where the literature distinguishes higher-risk from lower-risk product configurations within this row.
- HMT&C staff (internal)
- HMT&C certification thresholds for products in this row are developed under the certification program at heavymetaltested.com, not on this public page. The Index and HMT&C operate on the same evidence base but apply different publication rules; see the methodology for the separation.
Methodology
This page reports what the cited sources say about heavy-metal concentrations in shellfish (shrimp, crab, lobster, clams, oysters, mussels). Speciation is non-substitutable per CLAUDE.md Part 14 (iAs vs tAs, MeHg vs tHg, Cr-VI vs total Cr). Basis is preserved (finished-product as sold unless the source specifies otherwise; see each row for the basis label). Non-detect handling follows each source’s reporting convention. Pooling is avoided across LOD/LOQ, period, geography, and analytical-basis differences. HMT&C certification thresholds for products in this row are developed under the certification program at heavymetaltested.com, not on this page; this public page reports literature evidence only.
The applicable regulatory jurisdictions for this row are: FDA, EU, Codex.
Literature Evidence Summary
Literature Evidence Summary
The table below summarizes what the peer-reviewed and government literature cited on this page reports for heavy-metal concentrations in Shellfish (shrimp, crab, lobster, clams, oysters, mussels). Values are pulled directly from cited sources without re-aggregation; pooling, percentile selection, and threshold math sit in the staff Standards Workbench rather than this public page.
Methodology rules for speciation, basis preservation, non-detect handling, and source pooling are stated in the Methodology section above and apply to every row below.
| Analyte | Subcategory | Reported concentration range | Detection rate | Applicable regulatory cap | Sources | Confidence | Basis |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cd | Shellfish (shrimp, crab, lobster, clams, oysters, mussels) (no contributing evidence loaded) | No concentration data loaded for this analyte | Sample-level detection rate not reported | 1000 ppb | 0 | data gap | Basis not reported |
| iAs | Shellfish (shrimp, crab, lobster, clams, oysters, mussels) (no contributing evidence loaded) | No concentration data loaded for this analyte | Sample-level detection rate not reported | No applicable cap loaded | 0 | data gap | Basis not reported |
| Pb | Shellfish (shrimp, crab, lobster, clams, oysters, mussels) (no contributing evidence loaded) | No concentration data loaded for this analyte | Sample-level detection rate not reported | 1500 ppb | 0 | data gap | Basis not reported |
Source Evidence Inventory
Pending ingest. The routing layer populates this section from the source-page set declaring products: [shellfish].
Broad Product Context: Author-Scope Index
Pending ingest. The routing layer surfaces sources whose author-stated scope is broader than this row (route_kind: broad_product_context) as they are added.
Federal/Regulatory Limits vs Field Findings
Pending ingest. The applicable regulatory jurisdictions for this row are recorded in the page frontmatter; the crosswalk table is generated by tools/apply-product-crosswalk-sections.mjs once regulation pages and field-evidence sources are routed to this row with structured limit values.
Levers to reduce contamination
Practical interventions to reduce heavy-metal load in this row, ordered by impact magnitude. Each lever names the magnitude of the effect with a cited source; cross-links to dedicated Mitigation pages where they exist.
- Sourcing levers — Pending ingest.
- Agronomic levers — Pending ingest. (See Agronomic mitigation for general agronomic mitigation context.)
- Processing levers — Pending ingest. (See Processing mitigation.)
- Formulation levers — Pending ingest. (See Formulation mitigation.)
- Testing and QC levers — Pending ingest. (See Testing and quality-control mitigation when published.)
- Packaging and storage levers — Pending ingest. (See Packaging and storage mitigation when published.)
How standards math uses this page
HMT&C certification thresholds for this row are developed under the certification program at heavymetaltested.com, not on this page. The row-standard for this row is an aggregate computed from the contributing source pool in the row’s native finished-product basis; it is not a per-source decoration of any single value cited on this page. This public page reports literature evidence only.
Historical recalls and enforcement
Pending ingest. Regulatory events (recalls, enforcement actions, import alerts) relevant to this row will be added as agency records are ingested into the corpus.
Sources
Pending ingest. The Source Legend below is auto-generated by tools/evidence/build-source-legend.mjs once source pages declaring products: [shellfish] are added.
Sources
Auto-generated from source-page frontmatter. The “Used on this page for” column is populated by the orchestrator’s POPULATE-SOURCE-LEGEND action; pending entries appear as *[awaiting synthesis]*.
| # | Citation | Year | Type | Used on this page for |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ANSES 2026. Opinion of the French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health & Safety on the results of the Third French Total Diet Study (TDS3) - Acrylamide, aluminium, silver, cadmium, mercury and lead, ANSES Opinion, Request No 2019-SA-0010 | 2026 | Government report | FR Al, Ag, Cd, Pb, tHg, iHg, MeHg occurrence in French TDS3 foods selected from 276 foods across 44 groups, with 718 samples collected in Loiret, Puy-de-Dome, and… (n=718) |
| 2 | Balzani et al. 2026. Metals and Metalloids Accumulation and Biomagnification in Three Commercially Important Fishes from a Turkish Brackish Lake, Environmental Science and Pollution Research | 2026 | Peer-reviewed | TR tAs, Pb, Cr, Ni occurrence in Grey mullet (Mugil cephalus), gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata), European seabass (Dicentrarchus labrax) from Dalyan Lake, Türkiye; 9 individuals… (n=27) |
| 3 | Jiang et al. 2026. Health risks of exposure to organotin compounds via seafood consumption after their legal ban, Marine Pollution Bulletin | 2026 | Peer-reviewed | HK Sn occurrence in Twenty-three Hong Kong marine species collected in 2023, including molluscs, crustaceans, and fishes; extracted PDF is a ScienceDirect… (n=23) |
| 4 | Bhanu et al. 2026. Seasonal Fluctuation of Heavy Metals in Water & Fish Tissues, Transformative Education: A Multidisciplinary Journal (TEMJ) | 2026 | Review | Pb, Cd, tHg, Ni, Cr, tAs, Cu, Zn occurrence in Theoretical narrative review; no original measurements and no quantitative meta-analysis. The paper synthesizes the conceptual literature on seasonal… |
| 5 | Akkaya et al. 2025. Determination of Heavy Metal Levels and Assessment of L. monocytogenes and Salmonella spp. Presence in Fishery Products and Mussels from the Marmara Region, Türkiye, Toxics | 2025 | Peer-reviewed | TR Pb, Cd, tHg, tAs, Cu occurrence in Fishery products and mussels collected from provinces in the Marmara region of Türkiye between March 2020 and November… (n=625) |
| 6 | Brima et al. 2025. Assessment of Human Health Risk Based on Analysis of Potentially Toxic Elements in African Foods Sold in the UK Market, African Journal of Agriculture and Food Science | 2025 | Peer-reviewed | GB tAs, Cd, tHg, Pb occurrence in African foods and non-food additives sold in the UK market and consumed by African communities (n=152) |
| 7 | Dinesh et al. 2025. Comparative evaluation of heavy metal concentration in three commercially important fish: insights from organ-specific and interspecies variability, Frontiers in Marine Science | 2025 | Peer-reviewed | IN Cd, Pb, Cr, Ni, Al occurrence in three commercially important fish species assessed by tissue and organ |
| 8 | Garofalo et al. 2025. Monitoring of Cadmium, Lead, and Mercury Levels in Seafood Products: A Ten-Year Analysis, Foods 14(3):451 | 2025 | Peer-reviewed | IT/EU Cd, Pb, tHg occurrence in 5,854 seafood samples (9,809 analyses: 4,300 THg + 3,338 Cd + 2,171 Pb) collected and analyzed by Istituto… (n=5854) |
| 9 | Li et al. 2025. A ratiometric fluorescent sensor for Al3+ and Cu2+ detection in food samples, Frontiers in Nutrition | 2025 | Peer-reviewed | CN Al occurrence in 4 food samples (2 fried dough products, 2 shellfish species) purchased from a local shop in Shenyang, Liaoning,… (n=4) |
| 10 | MacDonald et al. 2025. Occurrence of chemical contaminants in wild-caught fishery products of relevance to Scottish and wider UK Fishing Waters: A Review, Fera Science Ltd report to Food Standards Scotland (Report FR/002826) | 2025 | Agency report | GB/EU tHg, MeHg, Cd, Pb, tAs, iAs, Ni, Cr occurrence in Narrative + tabular review of chemical contaminants in wild-caught and smoked fish, shellfish, crustaceans, and cephalopods from Scottish… (n=192) |
| 11 | Masri et al. 2025. Assessing Dietary Consumption of Toxicant-Laden Foods and Beverages by Age and Ethnicity in California: Implications for Proposition 65, Nutrients | 2025 | Peer-reviewed | US Pb, Cd, tAs, MeHg occurrence in Cross-sectional online dietary survey (Qualtrics) administered between 1 March and 15 June 2023 to Southern California residents (adults… (n=186) |
| 12 | Mititelu et al. 2025. Assessing Heavy Metal Contamination in Food: Implications for Human Health and Environmental Safety, Toxics | 2025 | Review | EU/US/RO Pb, Cd, tAs, iAs, tHg, MeHg, Ni, Cr, Sn occurrence in Narrative review; no primary sample collection. Synthesizes published literature and regulatory data across multiple countries. |
| 13 | Olgunoglu et al. 2025. Seasonal Variability and Sex-Specific Accumulation of Trace Metals in Black Scorpionfish (Scorpaena porcus Linnaeus, 1758) from Izmir Bay (Aegean Sea), Türkiye: Implications for Human Health Risk Assessment, Life | 2025 | Peer-reviewed | TR Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, Hg, Mn, Ni, Pb, Se, Zn occurrence in Black scorpionfish (Scorpaena porcus) collected seasonally from Izmir Bay, Aegean Sea, Türkiye, 2023–2024; 28 males and 24 females (n=52) |
| 14 | Singhato et al. 2025. Risk Assessment of Toxic Heavy Metal Exposure in Selected Seafood Species from Thailand, Foods | 2025 | Peer-reviewed | TH tAs, Cd, tHg, Pb occurrence in 20 commonly consumed seafood species from Thailand (4 shrimp/prawn, 4 crab, 3 squid, 8 shellfish, 2 marine fish),… (n=60) |
| 15 | Taylor et al. 2025. Seafood Benefits and Contaminants: A Comprehensive Review of Health Impacts, Safety Concerns, and Risk Mitigation Strategies, Foods | 2025 | Peer-reviewed | US/global tHg, MeHg, Pb, Cd, tAs occurrence in Broad review; no primary sampling; synthesizes published literature on seafood contaminants globally |
| 16 | Xia et al. 2025. Replacing Manual Operation with Bio-Automation II: Construction of a Biological Digestion Gene Circuit to Eliminate the Interference of Food Matrices in the Rapid Detection of Heavy Metals, Foods | 2025 | Peer-reviewed | tHg occurrence in Spiked food matrices (fish, rice, shellfish, black beans) for whole-cell biosensor validation; no unspiked occurrence measurements reported |
| 17 | Xu et al. 2025. Heavy metal risks in aquatic foods, Environment International | 2025 | Peer-reviewed | tHg, MeHg, Cd, Pb, tAs, iAs occurrence in 138,281 test records for aquatic food products from the WHO Food Safety Collaborative Platform (FOSCOLLAB) database; covers fish,… (n=138281) |
| 18 | Aguilar-Miranda et al. 2024. Total mercury exposure through canned tuna in water sold in Quito, Ecuador, Scientific Reports | 2024 | Peer-reviewed | EC/EU/US tHg occurrence in Sixty cans of tuna in water purchased from Quito supermarkets, March 2022-March 2023; three anonymized coded product groups… (n=60) |
| 19 | Bakhshalizadeh et al. 2024. Trace and heavy metal concentrations in pectoral fin of Acipenser stellatus (stellate sturgeon) from the Caspian Sea, Environmental Science and Pollution Research | 2024 | Peer-reviewed | IR As, Cd, Hg, Pb, Ni, V occurrence in Stellate sturgeon (Acipenser stellatus) pectoral fin tissue, Caspian Sea, Iran (n=40) |
| 20 | Bao 2024. Single-particle ICP-MS characterisation of metal nanoparticles in mussels, unknown | 2024 | Peer-reviewed | tAs, Pb, Cd occurrence in Mussel tissue samples analysed for metal nanoparticles by single-particle ICP-MS (SP-ICP-MS) |
| 21 | Berber et al. 2024. Metal content and fatty acid profiles in narrow-clawed crayfish (Pontastacus leptodactylus) from Atikhisar Dam Lake, Turkey: seasonal variation and health risk assessment, Environmental Science and Pollution Research | 2024 | Peer-reviewed | TR Fe, Zn, Al, Cu, Mn, Se, As, Hg, Cd, Pb occurrence in Pontastacus leptodactylus (narrow-clawed crayfish) from Atikhisar Dam Lake, Çanakkale, Turkey; monthly sampling over 12 months; male and female… |
| 22 | BfR 2024. Methylmercury in fish and seafood – health risk assessment of new data from the BfR MEAL study, BfR Opinion 023/2024 | 2024 | Government report | DE/EU MeHg, tHg occurrence in German population across age groups (infants 0.5–<1 yr through elderly 65–<80 yr); consumption data from KiESEL (n=1,008 children… |
| 23 | Bondareva et al. 2024. Potential transformations of arsenic forms in fish during cooking processing: a case study of Russian sturgeon, Toxicological Review | 2024 | Peer-reviewed | RU tAs, iAs occurrence in Russian sturgeon fillets from aquaculture, analyzed fresh, after frozen storage, and after selected processing treatments (n=3) |
| 24 | Bruno et al. 2024. Mineral composition in mussel Mytilus galloprovincialis and clam Tapes decussatus from Faro Lake of Messina: risk assessment for human health, Frontiers in Toxicology | 2024 | Peer-reviewed | IT/EU tAs, Cd, Pb, tHg, Ni, Cr occurrence in 80 specimens of Mytilus galloprovincialis (mussel) and 80 specimens of Tapes decussatus (clam) collected from Faro Lake, Messina,… (n=160) |
| 25 | Chamorro et al. 2024. Atlantic bluefin tuna (Thunnus thynnus): health benefits, contaminants and risk-benefit analysis for human consumption, Food Reviews International | 2024 | Peer-reviewed | EU tHg, MeHg, Cd, Pb, As occurrence in Review of Atlantic bluefin tuna (Thunnus thynnus) literature on contaminants and nutritional composition |
| 26 | Christian et al. 2024. An evaluation of fish and invertebrate mercury concentrations in the Caribbean Region, Environmental Science and Pollution Research | 2024 | Peer-reviewed | AG/BZ/GT tHg occurrence in Fish and aquatic invertebrates from 11 countries/territories in the wider Caribbean Region, 108 unique species, 2005-2023 (n=1600) |
| 27 | Dogruyol et al. 2024. Evaluation of Health Risks Attributed to Toxic Trace Elements and Selenium in Farmed Mediterranean Mussels from Türkiye and Bulgaria, Environmental Science and Pollution Research (published online 1 February 2024) | 2024 | Peer-reviewed | TR/BG Cd, tHg, Pb, Se occurrence in Mytilus galloprovincialis farmed at four locations (M1–M3 Türkiye, M4 Bulgaria); seasonal sampling (summer, fall, winter, spring); n=3 per… (n=48) |
| 28 | EFSA 2024. Risk assessment of small organoarsenic species in food, EFSA Journal | 2024 | Government report | EU tAs occurrence in 1,260 analytical results on DMA(V) and 988 on MMA(V) submitted to the EFSA Data Warehouse covering sampling years… (n=2248) |
| 29 | Li et al. 2024. Global fishing patterns amplify human exposures to methylmercury, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences | 2024 | Peer-reviewed | global MeHg occurrence in Global fisheries modeling dataset: catch-weighted MeHg concentrations estimated for 1,774 marine species across global exclusive economic zones using… (n=1482) |
| 30 | Rohonczy et al. 2024. Cadmium and mercury trophic transfer in the Arctic marine food web of Hudson Bay, Environmental Science and Pollution Research | 2024 | Peer-reviewed | CA Cd, tHg, MeHg occurrence in Multiple Arctic marine species from Hudson Bay, Canada: blue mussel, common eider, sculpin, Arctic cod, ringed seal (n=781) |
| 31 | Sadee et al. 2024. Recent developments in speciation and determination of arsenic in marine organisms using different analytical techniques. A review, RSC Advances | 2024 | Peer-reviewed | iAs, tAs occurrence in Systematic review of published arsenic occurrence and speciation studies in marine organisms; no single primary cohort |
| 32 | Torabi et al. 2024. Health Risk Assessment of Heavy Metals in Marine Fish Caught from the Northwest Persian Gulf, Biological Trace Element Research | 2024 | Peer-reviewed | IR Ni, Zn, Cu, Pb, Cd occurrence in Twenty fish from each of three marine species (Psettodes erumei, Sphyraena jello, and Sillago sihama) collected from six… (n=60) |
| 33 | Yamashita 2024. LAEP-OES validation for total mercury in tuna and fish from Japanese markets, unknown | 2024 | Peer-reviewed | JP tHg occurrence in 102 fish specimens purchased from Japanese markets (multiple species including tuna); total Hg by LAEP-OES with ICP-OES reference (n=102) |
| 34 | Zhao et al. 2024. Toxic Metals and Metalloids in Food: Current Status, Health Risks, and Mitigation Strategies, Current Opinion in Environmental Science & Health | 2024 | Peer-reviewed | AU/BR/FR tAs, iAs, Cd, Pb occurrence in Global occurrence synthesis: Table 1 aggregates national mean occurrence data from Total Diet Studies across Australia, Brazil, France,… |
| 35 | Abbas et al. 2023. Heavy Metals Assessment and Health Risk to Consumers of Two Commercial Fish Species from Polyculture Fishponds in El-Sharkia and Kafr El-Sheikh, Egypt: Physiological and Biochemical Study, Biological Trace Element Research | 2023 | Peer-reviewed | EG Pb, Cd, Cu, Fe, Mn, Zn occurrence in Bolti (Oreochromis niloticus / Nile tilapia) and Topara (Chelon ramada / thinlip mullet) from 7 El-Sharkia (ES) and… (n=45) |
| 36 | Al-Sulaiti et al. 2023. Health risk assessment of methyl mercury from fish consumption in a sample of adult Qatari residents, Environmental Science and Pollution Research | 2023 | Peer-reviewed | QA tHg, MeHg occurrence in Adult Qatari residents aged 18+ (n=600 dietary survey respondents; 65 composite fish samples across 7 species) (n=65) |
| 37 | Bae et al. 2023. Heavy metal concentrations in commercial tuna products in Korea and assessment of health risks, unknown | 2023 | Peer-reviewed | KR MeHg, tHg, Pb, Cd, tAs occurrence in Commercial tuna products purchased in Korea (n=31) |
| 38 | Benjamin et al. 2023. Levels of Heavy Metals in Selected Canned Fish on Cape Coast Market, Central Region, Ghana, International Journal of Environment, Agriculture and Biotechnology | 2023 | Peer-reviewed | GH Pb, Zn, Fe, Sn, Mn, tHg occurrence in 10 canned fish products from Cape Coast market, Ghana: 4 mackerel products, 4 sardine products, 2 tuna products (n=10) |
| 39 | Bjerregaard et al. 2023. In Search of Mercury Lost from Sediments in a Previously Contaminated Coastal Area, Harboøre Tange, Denmark, Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology | 2023 | Peer-reviewed | DK/EU tHg occurrence in Blue mussels (Mytilus edulis), periwinkles (Littorina littorea), brown shrimps, and amphipods from Nissum Broad coastal stations, Denmark; also… (n=137) |
| 40 | Blanco et al. 2023. Mercury levels in fish in the Valencian Community: temporal evolution (2011-2017) and associated factors, Revista Española de Salud Pública | 2023 | Peer-reviewed | ES/EU tHg, MeHg occurrence in Fish samples collected under the Valencian Community food health surveillance programme (Generalitat Valenciana); 560 THg measurements, 206 MeHg… (n=635) |
| 41 | Cardoso et al. 2023. Seasonal characterization of mercury contamination along the Portuguese coast: human health and environmental risk assessment, Environmental Science and Pollution Research | 2023 | Peer-reviewed | PT/EU tHg occurrence in Seasonal sampling over 1 year at three Portuguese estuaries (Ria de Aveiro, Tagus, Ria Formosa); water, macroalgae, and… |
| 42 | Anda-Montanez et al. 2023. Spatial and Temporal Variability of Trace and Macro Elements in the Red Crab Pleuroncodes planipes in the Pacific Coast of the Baja California Peninsula, Mexico, Animals | 2023 | Peer-reviewed | MX Cd, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni, Pb, Zn, Ca, Mg occurrence in 279 whole adult red crabs (Pleuroncodes planipes, 32-40 mm body size) collected during three research cruises off the… (n=279) |
| 43 | Diogène et al. 2023. Risk Assessment Strategies for Contaminants in Seafood (RASCS), EFSA Supporting Publications 2023:EN-8419 | 2023 | Government report | EU tAs, iAs, Pb, Cd, tHg, MeHg, Ni, Cr, Al occurrence in Strategy/programmatic report from a seven-institution EU consortium (IRTA Spain coordinator, CREDA Spain, IPMA Portugal, ISS Italy, Ghent University… |
| 44 | Hall et al. 2023. Linking Mesoscale Spatial Variation in Methylmercury Production to Bioaccumulation in Tidal Marsh Food Webs, Environmental Science & Technology | 2023 | Peer-reviewed | US MeHg, tHg occurrence in Primary and secondary consumers (gastropods, bivalves, amphipods, beetles, spiders, shrimp, crabs, fish) from four marsh features at three… (n=116) |
| 45 | Haseeb-ur-Rehman et al. 2023. Metal pollution and potential human health risk assessment in major seafood items (fish, crustaceans, and cephalopods), Marine Pollution Bulletin | 2023 | Peer-reviewed | PK tHg, Cd, Pb, Ni, Fe, Zn, Mn, Cu occurrence in Export-quality seafood from Pakistani processing plants during 2016-2018: 50 samples each of giant tiger shrimp, blue crab, Indian… (n=400) |
| 46 | Hoy et al. 2023. Arsenic speciation in freshwater fish: challenges and research needs, Food Quality and Safety | 2023 | Peer-reviewed | CA/CN/FR iAs, tAs occurrence in Peer-reviewed review of published arsenic-speciation literature for freshwater fish; primary data tables summarize studies from Canada, China, France,… |
| 47 | Hussein et al. 2023. Risk assessment of toxic residues among some freshwater and marine water fish species, Frontiers in Veterinary Science | 2023 | Peer-reviewed | EG Pb, Cd, tAs, tHg, Al occurrence in Freshwater and marine water fish from El-Obour city fish market, Egypt; six species (three freshwater, three marine), 20… (n=120) |
| 48 | Kim et al. 2023. Risk Assessment and Determination of Arsenic and Heavy Metals in Fishery Products in Korea, Foods | 2023 | Peer-reviewed | KR Pb, Cd, tAs, tHg, MeHg occurrence in Fishery products purchased from grocery stores and markets in Seoul, Incheon, Daejeon, Gangneung, Busan, and Gwangju from January… (n=1186) |
| 49 | Leclerc et al. 2023. Enhanced Bioaccumulation and Transfer of Monomethylmercury through Periphytic Biofilms in Benthic Food Webs of a River Affected by Run-of-River Dams, Environmental Science & Technology | 2023 | Peer-reviewed | CA MeHg, tHg occurrence in Periphyton, benthic macroinvertebrates, and juvenile fish from St. Maurice River (Québec, Canada) affected by two run-of-river hydroelectric power… |
| 50 | Lehel et al. 2023. Metal Load of Potentially Toxic Elements in Tuna (Thunnus albacares) - Food Safety Aspects, Foods | 2023 | Peer-reviewed | HU/LK/EU tAs, Cd, tHg, Pb occurrence in Yellowfin tuna (Thunnus albacares) flesh; 40 fish purchased at a fishery market in Hungary but originating from Sri… (n=40) |
| 51 | Liu et al. 2023. Transformation of arsenic species from seafood consumption during in vitro digestion, Frontiers in Nutrition | 2023 | Peer-reviewed | CN iAs, tAs occurrence in Laboratory study using crab, scallop, turbot, and flounder seafood samples subjected to in vitro digestion (BARGE UBM method) |
| 52 | Lozano-Bilbao et al. 2023. Risk Assessment and Characterization in Tuna Species of the Canary Islands According to Their Metal Content, Foods | 2023 | Peer-reviewed | ES/EU Al, Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, Li, Pb, Zn occurrence in Seventy-five tuna specimens caught by the Canarian fishing fleet in 2021; 15 specimens each of five species (Acanthocybium… (n=75) |
| 53 | Oktariani et al. 2023. Heavy metals content in fresh tuna and swordfish caught from Hindian and Pacific Oceans: Health risk assessment of dietary exposure, Veterinary World | 2023 | Peer-reviewed | ID Cd, Pb, tHg occurrence in Fresh yellowfin tuna and swordfish from FAO zones 57 and 71 collected at Indonesian ports |
| 54 | Onyegeme-Okerenta et al. 2023. Potential Toxic elements in shellfish from three rivers in Niger Delta, Nigeria: bioaccumulation, dietary intake, and human health risk assessment, Environmental Analysis, Health and Toxicology | 2023 | Peer-reviewed | NG tAs, Cd, Cr, Pb, Ni occurrence in Three shellfish species (Penaeus monodon, Crassostrea rhizophorae, Tympanostomus fuscatus) from three rivers in Niger Delta, Nigeria (Buguma, Krakrama,… (n=27) |
| 55 | Ramos-Miras et al. 2023. Potentially toxic element bioaccumulation in consumed indoor shrimp farming associated with diet, water and sediment levels, Environmental Science and Pollution Research | 2023 | Peer-reviewed | EC/EU tAs, Cd, Cr, Ni, Pb, tHg occurrence in Pacific White shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) from indoor cage farming in El Oro Province, Ecuador; head and tail tissues… |
| 56 | Shu et al. 2023. Characteristics, sources and health risks of organotin compounds in marine organisms from the seas adjacent to the eastern ports of China, Regional Studies in Marine Science | 2023 | Peer-reviewed | CN Sn occurrence in Twenty species of edible marine organisms, including mollusks, crustaceans, and fish, collected from nine ports along the eastern… |
| 57 | Simionov et al. 2023. Human health risk assessment of potentially toxic elements and microplastics accumulation in products from the Danube River Basin fish market, Environmental Toxicology and Pharmacology | 2023 | Peer-reviewed | RO/GR/IT Al, tAs, Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb, Zn, tHg occurrence in Fish and seafood specimens purchased from retailers in Galati, Romania: 18 fish species and 5 seafood species, n=10… (n=230) |
| 58 | Sonke et al. 2023. Global change effects on biogeochemical mercury cycling, Ambio | 2023 | Peer-reviewed | tHg, MeHg occurrence in Global synthesis — multiple study populations and monitoring networks |
| 59 | Wang et al. 2023. Climate-driven changes of global marine mercury cycles in 2100, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences | 2023 | Peer-reviewed | tHg, MeHg occurrence in Global coupled climate-biogeochemistry model projections under RCP4.5 and RCP8.5 scenarios to 2100; no new observational data generated |
| 60 | Willacker et al. 2023. Reservoir Stratification Modulates the Influence of Impoundments on Fish Mercury Concentrations along an Arid Land River System, Environmental Science & Technology | 2023 | Peer-reviewed | US tHg, MeHg occurrence in Smallmouth Bass (Micropterus dolomieu) collected from reservoir, tailrace, and free-flowing reaches along 853 km of the Snake River… |
| 61 | Chávez-Capilla 2022. The Need to Unravel Arsenolipid Transformations in Humans, DNA and Cell Biology | 2022 | Peer-reviewed | AU/NZ/FR tAs, iAs occurrence in Review article synthesizing arsenic speciation data across multiple studies |
| 62 | DASU et al. 2022. Determination of Geographical and Seasonal Variations of Heavy Metals in Swordfish (Xiphias gladius) and Yellowfin Tuna (Thunnus albacares), International Journal of Current Science Research and Review | 2022 | Peer-reviewed | LK tHg, Pb, tAs, Cd occurrence in Secondary heavy-metal analysis data for swordfish and yellowfin tuna from Sri Lankan export companies, 2015-2017 |
| 63 | Lordan et al. 2022. Cadmium: A Focus on the Brown Crab (Cancer pagurus) Industry and Potential Human Health Risks, Toxics | 2022 | Peer-reviewed | IE/EU/NO Cd occurrence in Narrative review of the brown crab (Cancer pagurus) industry and cadmium exposure; tabulates cadmium concentrations compiled from prior… |
| 64 | Motta et al. 2022. Mercury isotopic evidence for the importance of particles as a source of mercury to marine organisms, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences | 2022 | Peer-reviewed | tHg, MeHg occurrence in Marine organisms (mesopelagic and bathypelagic fish and zooplankton) and water/particle samples from the North Pacific Ocean |
| 65 | Moura et al. 2022. Mercury in the Jaguaribe River Estuary, Northeast Brazil: Sources, Distribution, and Bioavailability, International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health | 2022 | Peer-reviewed | BR tHg occurrence in Shrimp (Littopenaeus vannamei), fish (Eugerres brasilianus, Cathorops spixii), sediments, and water from Jaguaribe River Estuary, Ceará, NE Brazil |
| 66 | Larsen et al. 2022. Status and Trend for Heavy Metals (Mercury, Cadmium and Lead) in Fish, Shellfish and Sediment, OSPAR Commission, Quality Status Report 2023 Common Indicator Assessment | 2022 | Government report | EU/BE/DK Pb, Cd, tHg, Cu, Zn, Cr, Ni, tAs, Co, Ag, Sn occurrence in Aggregated CEMP monitoring data from 603 to 647 biota monitoring sites and 393 to 401 sediment monitoring sites… |
| 67 | Suzuki et al. 2022. Presence of nano-sized mercury-containing particles in seafoods, and an estimate of dietary exposure, Environmental Pollution | 2022 | Peer-reviewed | JP tHg, MeHg occurrence in Ninety raw fish and shellfish samples purchased in Japan in 2019-2020 across eight groups: tuna and swordfish, salmon… (n=90) |
| 68 | Uc-Peraza et al. 2022. Organotin contamination in seafood from the Yucatán Peninsula, Mexico: Is there a potential risk for the health of consumers?, Chemosphere | 2022 | Peer-reviewed | MX Sn occurrence in Seafood collected directly from local fishermen at five Yucatán Peninsula fishing sites in February-March 2018: 37 individual fish… (n=50) |
| 69 | Vainio et al. 2022. Trophic Dynamics of Mercury in the Baltic Archipelago Sea Food Web: The Impact of Ecological and Ecophysiological Traits, Environmental Science & Technology | 2022 | Peer-reviewed | FI/SE/DK tHg occurrence in 30 species from the Baltic Archipelago Sea (southwestern Finland), sampled 2017–2019 (white-tailed eagle 2013–2019); birds (3 spp.), fish… (n=136) |
| 70 | Vejrup et al. 2022. Prenatal methylmercury exposure from fish intake and child emotional and behavioural problems: results from the Norwegian Mother, Father and Child Cohort Study, BMJ Nutrition, Prevention and Health | 2022 | Peer-reviewed | NO MeHg, tHg occurrence in 51,238 mother-child pairs from the Norwegian Mother, Father and Child Cohort Study (MoBa) (n=51238) |
| 71 | Yap et al. 2022. Comparative Study of Potentially Toxic Nickel and Their Potential Human Health Risks in Seafood (Fish and Mollusks) from Peninsular Malaysia, Biology | 2022 | Peer-reviewed | MY Ni occurrence in Three primary datasets newly measured in this study plus one cited dataset. (1) 19 species of commercial marine… (n=88) |
| 72 | Cleary et al. 2021. Comparison of Recreational Fish Consumption Advisories Across the USA, Current Environmental Health Reports | 2021 | Peer-reviewed | US MeHg occurrence in Technical guidance documents from 46 US states; fish consumption advisory data collected 2019 (n=46) |
| 73 | de et al. 2021. Data on metals, nonmetal, and metalloid in the samples of the canned tuna and canned sardines sold in Brazil, Data in Brief | 2021 | Peer-reviewed | BR Al, tAs, Ba, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Ni, Pb, Zn occurrence in Twenty-six product-code rows from Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil: 16 canned-tuna rows (four coded companies across… (n=26) |
| 74 | Lin et al. 2021. Dietary Exposure of the Taiwan Population to Mercury Content in Various Seafood Assessed by a Total Diet Study, International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health | 2021 | Peer-reviewed | TW tHg, MeHg occurrence in Taiwan total-diet-study seafood sample set purchased from fishing harbors, traditional markets, afternoon markets, supermarkets, and discount stores across… (n=140) |
| 75 | Liu et al. 2021. Discovery and Identification of Arsenolipids Using a Precursor-Finder Strategy and Data-Independent Mass Spectrometry, Environmental Science and Technology | 2021 | Peer-reviewed | CA tAs occurrence in Krill oil capsules, tuna fillets, hairtail fish heads, and kelp purchased from retail markets in Edmonton (Canada) and… (n=4) |
| 76 | Luvonga et al. 2021. Determination of total arsenic and hydrophilic arsenic species in seafood, Journal of Food Composition and Analysis | 2021 | Peer-reviewed | US tAs, iAs occurrence in Seven homogenized seafood/seaweed study materials: spirulina powder, Atlantic kelp powder, geoduck clam, wild-caught brown shrimp, aquacultured white-leg shrimp,… (n=7) |
| 77 | Mehouel et al. 2021. Review of the toxic trace elements arsenic, cadmium, lead and mercury in seafood species from Algeria and contiguous waters in the Southwestern Mediterranean Sea, Environmental Science and Pollution Research | 2021 | Peer reviewed review | DZ/TN/MA tAs, Cd, Pb, tHg, MeHg occurrence in Narrative review of published As, Cd, Pb, Hg, and MeHg occurrence studies in fish, mollusks, and crustaceans from… |
| 78 | Novakov et al. 2021. Heavy metals and PAHs in mussels on the Serbian market and consumer exposure, Food Additives & Contaminants: Part B | 2021 | Peer-reviewed | Serbia Pb, Cd, tHg, tAs occurrence in Eighty-four mussel-meat samples collected from supermarkets and fish markets in Serbia from January 2019 to March 2020: 42… (n=84) |
| 79 | Raju et al. 2021. Heavy Metal Determination of Bivalves in Cagayan Valley, Philippines, Scholars Academic Journal of Biosciences 9(10):256-258 | 2021 | Peer-reviewed | PH Pb, Cd occurrence in Two bivalve species from Cagayan Valley, Philippines: freshwater clam (Corbicula fluminea) and marine mussel (Mytilus edulis); collected with… (n=2) |
| 80 | Reksten et al. 2021. Heavy Metal Contamination in 24 Fish Species from the Bay of Bengal: Risk Assessment for Human Health, Foods | 2021 | Peer-reviewed | BD/LK/EU tAs, Cd, tHg, Pb occurrence in 1,111 individual fish across 24 species from Bay of Bengal (Sri Lanka and Bangladesh) (n=1111) |
| 81 | Sadighara et al. 2021. The organotin contaminants in food: Sources and methods for detection: A systematic review and meta-analysis, Food Chemistry: X | 2021 | Peer reviewed review | JP/IT/CL Sn occurrence in Systematic review and meta-analysis of published food-matrix organotin studies; 123 database records were screened, 9 studies were selected,… |
| 82 | Uzomah et al. 2021. Chemical Contaminants in Nigerian Fresh and Marine Fish: A Review, Foods | 2021 | Peer-reviewed | NG/EU Pb, Cd, tHg, tAs, Ni, Cr occurrence in Systematic review of literature on chemical contaminants in Nigerian freshwater and marine fish; covers 104+ commercial species |
| 83 | Valencia et al. 2021. Heavy metal accumulation and risk assessment of lead and cadmium in cultured oysters (Crassostrea iredalei) of Cañacao Bay, Philippines, Sustinere: Journal of Environment and Sustainability 5(2), 64-78 | 2021 | Peer-reviewed | PH Pb, Cd occurrence in Two hundred fourteen cultured slipper-cupped oysters (Crassostrea iredalei) of marketable shell length (45-55 mm) collected from three sampling… (n=214) |
| 84 | Barchiesi et al. 2020. Heavy Metals Contamination in Shellfish: Benefit-Risk Evaluation in Central Italy, Foods | 2020 | Peer-reviewed | IT Cd, Pb, tHg occurrence in Cd, Pb, and Hg analytical results for shellfish collected along the Italian coastline from January 2017 through December… (n=2207) |
| 85 | Chung et al. 2020. Occurrence of organotin compounds in seafood from Hong Kong market, Marine Pollution Bulletin | 2020 | Peer-reviewed | HK Sn occurrence in Three hundred forty-one seafood samples collected from wet markets and supermarkets in different regions of Hong Kong between… (n=341) |
| 86 | Di et al. 2020. Heavy Metals and PAHs in Meat, Milk, and Seafood From Augusta Area (Southern Italy): Contamination Levels, Dietary Intake, and Human Exposure Assessment, Frontiers in Public Health 8:273 | 2020 | Peer-reviewed | IT/EU tAs, Cd, Cr, tHg, Ni, Pb, Zn occurrence in Meat, milk, and seafood from the Augusta-Melilli-Priolo industrial area in Southern Italy; seafood pooled across fish, mollusc, and… (n=Seafood from the Augusta Bay/Sicily study area plus terrestrial animal products from 26 farms: 5 bovine milk, 11 sheep/goat milk, 11 beef, and 3 pork samples.) |
| 87 | Djedjibegovic et al. 2020. Heavy metals in commercial fish and seafood products and risk assessment in adult population in Bosnia and Herzegovina, Scientific Reports | 2020 | Peer-reviewed | BA/ES/PT Cd, tHg, Pb occurrence in Commercial fish and seafood products purchased from retail in Bosnia and Herzegovina in June 2019, with country-of-origin labels… (n=37) |
| 88 | Maikanov et al. 2020. Quality and safety of fish products in the Shuchinsk-Burabay Resort Zone, Medycyna Weterynaryjna 76(10):585-588 | 2020 | Peer-reviewed | KZ tAs, Cd, tHg, Pb occurrence in Fish muscle samples from lakes in the Shuchinsk-Burabay resort zone, Kazakhstan. (n=44) |
| 89 | Naess et al. 2020. Mercury, lead, arsenic, and cadmium in Norwegian seafood products and consumer exposure, Food Additives & Contaminants: Part B | 2020 | Peer-reviewed | NO tHg, Pb, tAs, Cd occurrence in Market-representative commercially available seafood products collected in Norway in 2015, 2017, and 2018; each analytical sample was a… (n=84) |
| 90 | Ormaza-Gonzalez et al. 2020. Low mercury, cadmium and lead concentrations in tuna products from the eastern Pacific, Heliyon | 2020 | Peer-reviewed | EC/EU tHg, Cd, Pb occurrence in Ecuadorean cannery production batches sampled by the National Institute of Fisheries (INP, ISO/IEC 17025) 2009-2016: canned tuna (solid,… (n=2572) |
| 91 | Pawlaczyk et al. 2020. Risk of Mercury Ingestion from Canned Fish in Poland, Molecules | 2020 | Peer-reviewed | PL tHg, MeHg occurrence in Eighty-four canned fish products covering 25 brands from over 14 producers (19 brands of canned fish plus six… (n=84) |
| 92 | Reksten et al. 2020. Nutrient and Contaminant Analyses of Five Commercially Important Fish Species from the Angolan Coast, Foods | 2020 | Peer-reviewed | AO/EU tAs, Cd, tHg, Pb occurrence in 5 composite samples per species (5 fish per composite) across 5 marine fish species from the Angolan coast (n=25) |
| 93 | Romero-Estévez et al. 2020. An Overview of Cadmium, Chromium, and Lead Content in Bivalves Consumed by the Community of Santa Rosa Island (Ecuador) and Its Health Risk Assessment, Frontiers in Environmental Science 8:134 | 2020 | Peer-reviewed | EC/EU Cd, Cr, Pb occurrence in Fifty composite bivalve soft-tissue samples (~10 individuals per composite) of Anadara tuberculosa and Anadara similis (locally ‘concha prieta’,… (n=50) |
| 94 | Schaefer et al. 2020. Cadmium: Mitigation strategies to reduce dietary exposure, Journal of Food Science | 2020 | Review | US/EU/AU Cd occurrence in Review of global literature and FDA Total Diet Study 2014–2016 data for cadmium in food and mitigation interventions |
| 95 | Humberto et al. 2020. Trace metals in two wild populations of the squalid callista clam (Megapitaria squalida) in the southeastern Gulf of California, Mexico, Revista Internacional de Contaminacion Ambiental | 2020 | Peer-reviewed | MX Cu, Cd, Cr, Ni, Pb, Zn, tAs, tHg occurrence in Wild Megapitaria squalida clams from Altata and Agiabampo Bays in the southeastern Gulf of California |
| 96 | Tamele et al. 2020. Lead, Mercury and Cadmium in Fish and Shellfish from the Indian Ocean and Red Sea (African Countries): Public Health Challenges, Journal of Marine Science and Engineering | 2020 | Peer reviewed review | EG/DJ/KE Pb, tHg, Cd occurrence in Narrative review of Pb, Hg, and Cd in fish and shellfish from African countries bordering the Indian Ocean… |
| 97 | Wang et al. 2020. Contamination and health risk assessment of lead, arsenic, cadmium, and aluminum from a total diet study of Jilin Province, China, Food Science & Nutrition | 2020 | Peer-reviewed | CN Pb, tAs, Cd, Al occurrence in Jilin Province total-diet-study composites across 12 food groups and 48 product groups, with consumption inputs for 7700 residents… |
| 98 | Centre for Food Safety 2019. Guidelines on the Food Adulteration (Metallic Contamination) (Amendment) Regulation 2018, USDA Foreign Agricultural Service GAIN Report HK1922, relaying the Hong Kong Centre for Food Safety Guidelines for the Food Adulteration (Metallic Contamination) (Amendment) Regulation 2018 (Cap. 132V sub. leg.) | 2019 | Government report | HK Sb, tAs, iAs, Ba, B, Cd, Cr, Cu, Pb, Mn, MeHg, tHg, Ni, Se, Sn, U occurrence in Not a sampling study. Regulatory document setting maximum levels (MLs) for 14 metallic contaminants across food and food… |
| 99 | Centre for Food Safety 2019. Organotin Compounds in Aquatic Products Available at Local Markets, Risk Assessment Studies Report No. 60, Centre for Food Safety, Hong Kong FEHD | 2019 | Government report | HK Sn occurrence in Fish, crustaceans, and molluscs collected from local markets in Hong Kong, October 2017 to June 2018; 201 fish,… (n=341) |
| 100 | Chen et al. 2019. Organotin contamination in commercial and wild oysters from China: Increasing occurrence of triphenyltin, Science of the Total Environment | 2019 | Peer-reviewed | CN Sn occurrence in Commercial oysters from Shanghai seafood markets in November 2014 and wild oysters from fourteen coastal Chinese cities in… |
| 101 | Zealand 2019. 25th Australian Total Diet Study, Food Standards Australia New Zealand | 2019 | Government report | AU/NZ tAs, iAs, Cd, Pb, tHg, iHg, MeHg occurrence in Australian total-diet survey: 88 food types, 508 prepared-food composite samples from all Australian states and territories, sampled May… (n=508) |
| 102 | Handayani et al. 2019. Kandungan Logam Berat Merkuri Pada Ikan Tuna (Yellowfin dan Bigeye) dan Tuna-like (Swordfish) Hasil Tangkapan dari Samudera Hindia dan Samudera Pasifik, Jurnal Pascapanen dan Bioteknologi Kelautan dan Perikanan | 2019 | Peer-reviewed | ID tHg occurrence in 895 official-control mercury records for yellowfin tuna, bigeye tuna, and swordfish from Indian and Pacific Ocean catch areas |
| 103 | Liang et al. 2019. Analysis of Heavy Metals in Foodstuffs and an Assessment of the Health Risks to the General Public via Consumption in Beijing, China, International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health | 2019 | Peer-reviewed | CN Pb, Cd, Cr, tAs, tHg occurrence in Beijing general population; 25 foodstuff types collected from four sites, three replicates per foodstuff at each site (n=300) |
| 104 | Matsumoto-Tanibuchi et al. 2019. Determination of Inorganic Arsenic in Seaweed and Seafood by LC-ICP-MS: Method Validation, Journal of AOAC International | 2019 | Peer-reviewed | JP tAs, iAs occurrence in Japanese local-market food samples: eight dried seaweed products, seven seafood muscle/edible-portion samples, and two seafood-derived sauces/products in Table… (n=17) |
| 105 | Mehouel et al. 2019. Risk assessment of mercury and methyl mercury intake via sardine and swordfish consumption in Algeria, Journal of the Hellenic Veterinary Medical Society | 2019 | Peer-reviewed | DZ tHg, MeHg occurrence in Sardine and swordfish collected from Bejaia, Algiers, and Oran coasts in Algeria, April-September 2017 |
| 106 | Rodriguez-Mendivil et al. 2019. Health Risk Assessment of Some Heavy Metals from Canned Tuna and Fish in Tijuana, Mexico, Health Scope | 2019 | Peer-reviewed | MX tHg, Pb, Cd, Cr occurrence in 48 samples of canned tuna (6 samples × 8 brands) and 20 samples of fresh fish (5 samples… (n=68) |
| 107 | Wang et al. 2019. Dietary Lead Exposure and Associated Health Risks in Guangzhou, China, International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health | 2019 | Peer-reviewed | CN Pb occurrence in Food safety risk monitoring samples from Guangzhou, China, collected during 2014-2017 across 27 food categories; consumption inputs came… (n=6339) |
| 108 | Baki et al. 2018. Concentration of heavy metals in seafood (fishes, shrimp, lobster and crabs) and human health assessment in Saint Martin Island, Bangladesh, Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety | 2018 | Peer-reviewed | BD Cr, Mn, Cu, Zn, iAs, Cd, Pb, tHg, Fe occurrence in Eight fish species and five crustacean species collected from different points of Saint Martin’s Island and its local… (n=13) |
| 109 | Martin et al. 2018. Seasonal levels of heavy metals in soft tissue and muscle of the pen shell Atrina maura from a farm in the southeastern coast of the Gulf of California, Mexico, Revista Internacional de Contaminacion Ambiental | 2018 | Peer-reviewed | MX Cu, Cr, Cd, Ni, Pb, tAs, Zn, tHg occurrence in Farmed pen shell from the southeastern Gulf of California, sampled seasonally from summer 2011 to summer 2012 |
| 110 | Harding et al. 2018. Bioaccumulation of methylmercury within the marine food web of the outer Bay of Fundy, Gulf of Maine, PLoS ONE | 2018 | Peer-reviewed | CA/US MeHg, tHg occurrence in Marine food-web organisms from the outer Bay of Fundy and Gulf of Maine |
| 111 | Kimakova et al. 2018. Fish and fish products as risk factors of mercury exposure, Annals of Agricultural and Environmental Medicine | 2018 | Peer-reviewed | SK tHg occurrence in Fish and fish-product samples from food retail in Eastern Slovakia and fish from the Ruzin water reservoir |
| 112 | Lehel et al. 2018. Heavy metals in seafood purchased from a fishery market in Hungary, Food Additives & Contaminants: Part B | 2018 | Peer-reviewed | HU/DK/IT tAs, Cd, Pb, tHg occurrence in Seafood purchased weekly for 20 weeks from a fishery product market in Hungary: shellfish n=42 from Denmark and… (n=114) |
| 113 | Rajeshkumar et al. 2018. Studies on seasonal pollution of heavy metals in water, sediment, fish and oyster from the Meiliang Bay of Taihu Lake in China, Chemosphere | 2018 | Peer-reviewed | CN Pb, Cd, Cr, Cu occurrence in Crucian carp (Carassius carassius) and Pacific oyster (Crassostrea gigas) from seven sampling sites in Meiliang Bay, Taihu Lake,… |
| 114 | Lima et al. 2017. Cadmium, lead, tin, total mercury, and methylmercury in canned tuna commercialised in São Paulo, Brazil, Food Additives & Contaminants: Part B, Vol. 10, No. 3, pp 185–191 | 2017 | Peer-reviewed | BR Cd, Pb, Sn, tHg, MeHg occurrence in Thirty canned-tuna samples from five commercial brands (the most-sold brands in the Campinas, São Paulo region), three batches… (n=30) |
| 115 | Martin et al. 2017. Heavy-metal contents in oysters (Crassostrea gigas) cultivated on the southeastern coast of the Gulf of California, Mexico, Hidrobiologica | 2017 | Peer-reviewed | MX Cu, Cr, Cd, Ni, Pb, tAs, Zn, tHg occurrence in Cultivated Pacific oysters from the southeastern Gulf of California, Mexico |
| 116 | Hardisson et al. 2017. Aluminium Exposure Through the Diet, HSOA Journal of Food Science and Nutrition | 2017 | Review | ES/DE/AU Al occurrence in Compiled literature review of Al concentrations across food groups and drinks; intake estimated against Spanish population consumption data… |
| 117 | HELCOM et al. 2017. Metals (lead, cadmium and mercury) — HELCOM core indicator report, HELCOM Core Indicator Report (HOLAS II component), ISSN 2343-2543 | 2017 | Government report | EU/DE/DK Pb, Cd, tHg occurrence in Aggregated monitoring data from the HELCOM COMBINE database (held at ICES) for the assessment period 2011-2015, with all… |
| 118 | Mariadi et al. 2017. Removal lead (Pb) and mercury (Hg) from juaro fish (Pangasius polyuranodon) using citric acid from pineapple extract (Ananas comosus) as chelating agent, Science and Technology Indonesia | 2017 | Peer-reviewed | ID Pb, tHg occurrence in Juaro fish treated with citric acid from pineapple extract |
| 119 | Pappalardo et al. 2017. Heavy metal content and molecular species identification in canned tuna: Insights into human food safety, Molecular Medicine Reports | 2017 | Peer-reviewed | IT Cd, Pb, tHg occurrence in Ten popular brands of canned tuna sold in Italian supermarkets, five in olive oil and five in brine;… (n=10) |
| 120 | Pazi et al. 2017. Potential risk assessment of metals in edible fish species for human consumption from the Eastern Aegean Sea, Marine Pollution Bulletin | 2017 | Peer-reviewed | TR tHg, Cd, Pb, Cr, Cu, Zn occurrence in Four edible fish species collected by bottom trawling from Aliaga Bay and Izmir Bay on the Turkish Eastern… (n=320) |
| 121 | Stahl et al. 2017. Migration of aluminum from food contact materials to food - a health risk for consumers? Part I of III: exposure to aluminum, release of aluminum, tolerable weekly intake (TWI), toxicological effects of aluminum, study design, and methods, Environmental Sciences Europe | 2017 | Peer-reviewed | DE/EU Al occurrence in Hessian State Laboratory aluminum results for 1,825 foodstuff samples across 30 product groups, plus Part I study-design context… (n=1825) |
| 122 | Watanabe et al. 2017. Surveillance of Total Mercury and Methylmercury Concentrations in Retail Fish, Food Hygiene and Safety Science | 2017 | Peer-reviewed | JP tHg, MeHg occurrence in 210 retail fish samples across 19 fish species in Japan |
| 123 | Ho et al. 2016. Long-Term Spatio-Temporal Trends of Organotin Contaminations in the Marine Environment of Hong Kong, PLOS ONE | 2016 | Peer-reviewed | HK Sn occurrence in Adult Reishia clavigera collected from 29 Hong Kong rocky-shore sites in 2010 and 10 selected sites in 2015;… (n=39) |
| 124 | Hsi et al. 2016. Methylmercury Concentration in Fish and Risk-Benefit Assessment of Fish Intake among Pregnant versus Infertile Women in Taiwan, PLOS ONE | 2016 | Peer-reviewed | TW MeHg occurrence in Fish consumed in Taiwan and hair samples from pregnant and infertile women |
| 125 | Lee et al. 2016. Health risk assessment of the intake of butyltin and phenyltin compounds from fish and seafood in Taiwanese population, Chemosphere | 2016 | Peer-reviewed | TW Sn occurrence in Two hundred Taiwanese fishery products provided from 25 fishery markets in 2011: freshwater fish (n = 64), saltwater… (n=200) |
| 126 | Llorente-Mirandes et al. 2016. Inorganic Arsenic Determination in Food: A Review of Analytical Proposals and Quality Assessment Over the Last Six Years, Applied Spectroscopy | 2016 | Peer-reviewed | EU/US/CN iAs, tAs concentrations |
| 127 | Smolikova et al. 2016. Determination of heavy metals in fish products, MendelNet 2016: Proceedings of International PhD Students Conference, pp. 651-656 | 2016 | Conference proceedings | CZ/EU tHg, Cd, Pb occurrence in 33 species of fish purchased in Brno City (Czech Republic) markets from 17 FAO localities, September 2015–June 2016;… (n=159) |
| 128 | Zhao et al. 2016. Seafood consumption among Chinese coastal residents and health risk assessment of heavy metals in seafood, Environmental Science and Pollution Research | 2016 | Peer-reviewed | CN Pb, Cd, Cr, tHg, tAs occurrence in One hundred fifty-six market samples of 14 high-intake seafood types from six district regions of Xiamen, China; consumption… (n=156) |
| 129 | Bhoyroo et al. 2015. Detection of heavy metals bio-accumulation in scombrids for the determination of possible health hazard, African Journal of Food Science and Technology 6(4):098-107 | 2015 | Peer-reviewed | MU Zn, Cu, Ni, Cr, Cd, Pb, tHg, tAs occurrence in Muscle tissue from yellowfin tuna, dogtooth tuna, marlin, and dorado caught in the Mauritian EEZ and sold/consumed as… (n=Four commercially edible pelagic fish species sampled in summer and winter from the Exclusive Economic Zone of Mauritius; per-species replicate counts not extractable from the text layer.) |
| 130 | EFSA 2015. Statement on the benefits of fish/seafood consumption compared to the risks of methylmercury in fish/seafood, EFSA Journal 2015;13(1):3982, 36 pp. | 2015 | Government report | EU MeHg, tHg occurrence in Scenario-based risk-benefit assessment across 26 chronic dietary surveys from 17 EU Member States (Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic,… |
| 131 | Baxter et al. 2015. Total Diet Study of metals and other elements in food, Food and Environment Research Agency report for the UK Food Standards Agency, Fera report 15/06, project FS102081 | 2015 | Government report | GB Al, Sb, tAs, iAs, Ba, Cd, Cr, Cu, Pb, Mn, tHg, Mo, Ni, Pd, Pt, Sn, Tl, Zn occurrence in 3312 retail food samples from 24 UK locations, combined into 138 prepared-as-consumed food-category composites and 28 food-group composites (n=3312) |
| 132 | Ho et al. 2014. Organotin contamination in seafood and its implication for human health risk in Hong Kong, Marine Pollution Bulletin | 2014 | Peer-reviewed | HK Sn occurrence in Five analytical replicates for each of 11 commonly available Hong Kong seafood species: three gastropods, two bivalves, and… (n=55) |
| 133 | Ralston et al. 2014. Selenium Health Benefit Values: Updated Criteria for Mercury Risk Assessments, Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology | 2014 | Peer-reviewed | US/WHO MeHg, tHg occurrence in Theoretical/comparative analysis using reported Se and CH3Hg concentrations in ocean fish and other seafoods |
| 134 | Centre for Food Safety 2013. The First Hong Kong Total Diet Study: Metallic Contaminants, Centre for Food Safety, Food and Environmental Hygiene Department, Government of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region | 2013 | Government report | HK Al, Sb, Cd, Pb, MeHg, Ni, Sn, V occurrence in Hong Kong general adult population aged 20-84; 150 TDS food items purchased on 4 occasions (March 2010 to… (n=1800) |
| 135 | Copat et al. 2013. Heavy metals concentrations in fish and shellfish from eastern Mediterranean Sea: Consumption advisories, Food and Chemical Toxicology | 2013 | Peer-reviewed | IT tAs, Cd, Cr, Pb, Mn, Ni, V, Zn occurrence in Five fish species from the Catania fish market, n=30 specimens per species, plus 30 aliquots from a homogenized… (n=180) |
| 136 | Olmedo et al. 2013. Determination of toxic elements (mercury, cadmium, lead, tin and arsenic) in fish and shellfish samples. Risk assessment for the consumers, Environment International | 2013 | Peer-reviewed | ES/MA/MR tHg, MeHg, Cd, Pb, Sn, tAs occurrence in Fresh, canned, and frozen fish and shellfish products representing 43 frequently consumed species/products in Andalusia, Spain; samples collected… (n=485) |
| 137 | Centre for Food Safety 2012. The First Hong Kong Total Diet Study: Inorganic Arsenic, Centre for Food Safety, Food and Environmental Hygiene Department, Government of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region | 2012 | Government report | HK iAs occurrence in Hong Kong adult population aged 20-84; composite samples from 150 TDS food items collected on four occasions March… (n=600) |
| 138 | EFSA 2012. Cadmium dietary exposure in the European population, EFSA Journal 2012;10(1):2551 | 2012 | Government report | EU Cd occurrence in Cadmium occurrence results in food submitted to EFSA from 22 EU Member States, 3 European Economic Area or… (n=178541) |
| 139 | Loutfy et al. 2012. Analysis and exposure assessment of some heavy metals in foodstuffs from Ismailia city, Egypt, Toxicological & Environmental Chemistry | 2012 | Peer-reviewed | EG Cd, Pb, Cr, Zn, Cu occurrence in About 350 locally produced individual food samples purchased in 2007 from four local markets around Ismailia city, Egypt,… (n=117) |
| 140 | Shue et al. 2012. Seasonal variations of heavy metals in the bivalve’s mollusks from Ta-Peng Bay lagoon in southwestern Taiwan, Advanced Materials Research | 2012 | Peer-reviewed | TW Pb, Cd, Cu, Zn, Ni, Cr occurrence in Six bivalve mollusc species (Katelysia hiantina, Anomalocardia squamosa, Perna viridis, Anadara antiquata, Paphia undulata, Sanguinolaria diphos) collected from… (n=72) |
| 141 | Zealand 2011. The 23rd Australian Total Diet Study, Food Standards Australia New Zealand | 2011 | Government report | AU/NZ Al, tAs, iAs, Cd, Pb, tHg, iHg, MeHg occurrence in Ninety-two Australian foods and beverages, including tap and bottled water, represented by 570 composite samples; each composite used… (n=570) |
| 142 | Cirillo et al. 2010. Survey of lead, cadmium, mercury and arsenic in seafood purchased in Campania, Italy, Food Additives & Contaminants: Part B: Surveillance | 2010 | Peer-reviewed | IT Pb, Cd, tHg, tAs occurrence in Seafood marketed in Campania, Italy from January-May 2007: 162 fish and cephalopod specimens and 30 mussel pools/soft-tissue packs… (n=192) |
| 143 | Lorenzana et al. 2009. Arsenic in Seafood: Speciation Issues for Human Health Risk Assessment, Human and Ecological Risk Assessment | 2009 | Review | US/GLOBAL tAs, iAs occurrence in Scholarly review of worldwide literature and U.S. site-assessment data on total and inorganic arsenic in marine, estuarine, freshwater,… |
| 144 | Committee on Toxicity of 2008. COT Statement on the 2006 UK Total Diet Study of Metals and Other Elements, Committee on Toxicity statement | 2008 | Government report | GB Al, Sb, tAs, iAs, Ba, Cd, Cr, Cu, Pb, Mn, tHg, Mo, Ni, Se, Sn, Tl, Zn occurrence in 2006 UK Total Diet Study: 119 food categories combined into 20 prepared-as-consumed food groups for metals and other… (n=20) |
| 145 | Pereira et al. 2008. Mercury pollution in Ria de Aveiro (Portugal): a review of the system assessment, Environmental Monitoring and Assessment | 2008 | Peer-reviewed | PT tHg occurrence in Review of Ria de Aveiro mercury studies, including Table 3 biotic-compartment summaries for macroalgae, benthic fauna, and fish… |
| 146 | Zanon et al. 2008. Time trend of Butyl- and Phenyl-Tin contamination in organisms of the Lagoon of Venice (1999-2003), Environmental Monitoring and Assessment | 2008 | Peer-reviewed | IT/EU Sn occurrence in Pooled edible-organism samples of Mytilus galloprovincialis and Tapes spp. collected from up to 20 stations in the Lagoon… |
| 147 | Schoof et al. 2007. Variation of total and speciated arsenic in commonly consumed fish and seafood, Human and Ecological Risk Assessment | 2007 | Peer-reviewed | US/ES/NO tAs, iAs occurrence in Compiled fish and seafood arsenic-speciation results from 20 studies, summarized into freshwater finfish, anadromous fish, marine fish, crustaceans,… (n=437) |
| 148 | Uneyama et al. 2007. Arsenic in various foods: Cumulative data, Food Additives & Contaminants | 2007 | Peer-reviewed | JP/US/GB tAs, iAs occurrence in Cumulative review of arsenic measurements in food from PubMed, Japanese local-authority research databases, and national food-safety surveillance reports;… |
| 149 | Fattorini et al. 2006. Characterization of arsenic content in marine organisms from temperate, tropical, and polar environments, Chemistry and Ecology | 2006 | Peer-reviewed | IT/CU tAs, iAs occurrence in Bivalve molluscs, crustaceans, and fish sampled from relatively unimpacted Mediterranean sites in Italy, Cienfuegos Bay in Cuba, and… (n=245) |
| 150 | Jianying et al. 2006. Trophic Magnification of Triphenyltin in a Marine Food Web of Bohai Bay, North China: Comparison to Tributyltin, Environmental Science & Technology, Vol. 40, No. 10, pp 3142–3147 | 2006 | Peer-reviewed | CN Sn occurrence in Marine food web from Bohai Bay, North China, sampled May, June, and September 2002: phytoplankton/seston (n=3), zooplankton (n=3),… (n=48) |
| 151 | Harper et al. 2005. Toxicological Profile for Tin and Tin Compounds, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry | 2005 | Government report | US Sn occurrence in Synthesis of peer-reviewed human and animal toxicology, exposure, and environmental-fate literature; no original sampling |
| 152 | Park et al. 2005. Speciation of Six Arsenic Compounds in Korean Seafood Samples by HPLC-ICP-MS, Key Engineering Materials | 2005 | Peer-reviewed | KR iAs occurrence in Thirty-three Korean seafood samples of seaweed, shrimp, fish, and shellfish plus two certified reference materials, analyzed for six… (n=33) |
| 153 | Committee on Toxicity of 2004. Updated COT statement on a survey of mercury in fish and shellfish, Advice on fish consumption, Annex 3 | 2004 | Government report | GB tHg, MeHg occurrence in COT/SACN review of the 2002 FSA fish and shellfish mercury survey, 1998 MAFF marine fish/shellfish survey context, and… |
| 154 | EC 2004. Assessment of the dietary exposure to arsenic, cadmium, lead and mercury of the population of the EU Member States, Reports on tasks for scientific cooperation, SCOOP Task 3.2.11 | 2004 | Government report | EU/BE/DK tAs, Cd, Pb, tHg occurrence in Occurrence, consumption, and intake submissions for arsenic, cadmium, lead, and mercury from EU Member States and Norway under… |
| 155 | EFSA 2004. Opinion of the Scientific Panel on Contaminants in the Food Chain on a request from the Commission to assess the health risks to consumers associated with exposure to organotins in foodstuffs, EFSA Journal 2004;102:1-119 | 2004 | Government report | EU/BE/DK Sn occurrence in EU SCOOP Task 3.2.13 occurrence database for organotin compounds in fish and fishery products submitted by Belgium, Denmark,… (n=2110) |
| 156 | Fattorini et al. 2004. Chemical speciation of arsenic in different marine organisms: Importance in monitoring studies, Marine Environmental Research | 2004 | Peer-reviewed | CU tAs, iAs occurrence in Thirteen species rows of marine organisms collected from Cienfuegos Bay, Cuba, 15 days after a December 2001 arsenic… (n=13) |
| 157 | Shim et al. 2004. Mercury and Fatty Acids in Canned Tuna, Salmon, and Mackerel, Journal of Food Science | 2004 | Peer-reviewed | US tHg occurrence in 240 canned tuna samples (5 brands × 4 types × 3 lots × 2 composites), 16 canned salmon… (n=272) |
| 158 | Committee on Toxicity of 2003. Statement on arsenic in food: results of the 1999 Total Diet Study, Committee on Toxicity statement | 2003 | Government report | GB tAs, iAs occurrence in 1999 UK Total Diet Study arsenic analysis: 119 food categories collected from 24 towns and combined into 20… (n=480) |
| 159 | Dabeka et al. 2003. Survey of total mercury in total diet food composites and an estimation of the dietary intake of mercury by adults and children from two Canadian cities, 1998-2000, Food Additives & Contaminants | 2003 | Peer-reviewed | CA tHg occurrence in Total mercury in 259 total-diet food composites prepared from retail foods purchased in Whitehorse in January-February 1998 and… (n=259) |
| 160 | Amodio-Cocchieri et al. 2000. Alkyltins in farmed fish and shellfish, International Journal of Food Sciences and Nutrition | 2000 | Peer-reviewed | IT/NO Sn occurrence in Farmed fish and mussels bought from Naples-area retail stores between June 1997 and May 1998, with free-living fish… (n=170) |
| 161 | EPA 1999. Mercury Update: Impact on Fish Advisories, US EPA Fact Sheet EPA-823-F-99-016 | 1999 | Government report | US tHg, MeHg occurrence in 1,931 state-issued fish-consumption advisories in 40 states as of December 1998; cited fish-tissue mercury data drawn from EPA… (n=1931) |
| 162 | Munoz et al. 1999. Rapid and quantitative release, separation and determination of inorganic arsenic [As(III)+As(V)] in seafood products by microwave-assisted distillation and hydride generation atomic absorption spectrometry, Journal of Analytical Atomic Spectrometry | 1999 | Peer-reviewed | ES iAs, tAs occurrence in Twenty-one natural seafood products purchased at local retail outlets: fresh anchovy, clam, cockle, mussel, sardine, small squid, squid;… (n=21) |
| 163 | EPA 1997. Arsenic and Fish Consumption, US EPA Office of Water | 1997 | Government report | US iAs, tAs occurrence in Literature review of fish and shellfish arsenic data; exposure scenarios derived from USDA Continuing Survey of Food Intake… |
| 164 | Dabeka et al. 1995. Survey of Lead, Cadmium, Fluoride, Nickel, and Cobalt in Food Composites and Estimation of Dietary Intakes of These Elements by Canadians in 1986-1988, Journal of AOAC International | 1995 | Peer-reviewed | CA Pb, Cd, Ni, Co occurrence in Five Canadian total-diet composite groups, each with 113 composites and 39 composite subsets, prepared from foods purchased in… (n=760) |
| 165 | Harada 1995. Minamata Disease: Methylmercury Poisoning in Japan Caused by Environmental Pollution, Critical Reviews in Toxicology | 1995 | Peer reviewed review | JP MeHg, tHg occurrence in Peer-reviewed review of Minamata disease, congenital Minamata disease, historical mercury contamination in Minamata Bay and the Shiranui Sea,… |
| 166 | Chou et al. 1993. Cadmium in American lobster (Homarus americanus) from the area of Belledune Harbour, New Brunswick, Canada: 1980-1992 results, Canadian Technical Report of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences No. 1916 | 1993 | Gray literature | CA Cd, Pb, tHg, tAs, Cu, Ag occurrence in American lobster (Homarus americanus) captured 1980-1992 at eight sites in and around Belledune Harbour, New Brunswick, Canada —… |
| 167 | Kaise et al. 1988. Distribution of inorganic arsenic and methylated arsenic in marine organisms, Applied Organometallic Chemistry | 1988 | Peer-reviewed | Japan tAs, iAs occurrence in Sixty marine-organism specimens collected from the Miura Peninsula and Shimonoseki coasts in Japan, plus some market samples; fish… (n=60) |
| 168 | Norin et al. 1985. Concentration of inorganic and total arsenic in fish from industrially polluted water, Chemosphere | 1985 | Peer-reviewed | Sweden tAs, iAs occurrence in Fish captured from arsenic-polluted brackish water near Ronnskar/Skelleftebukten, unpolluted brackish reference water at Furuogrund, polluted freshwater Lake Bodatrask,… |
| 169 | Falconer et al. 1983. Arsenic levels in fish and shellfish from the North Sea, Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology | 1983 | Peer-reviewed | GB tAs occurrence in Commercially important fish and shellfish landed at selected Scottish fishing ports in the 1975-1976 survey, plus additional plaice… |
| 170 | Brooke et al. 1981. Determination of Total Inorganic Arsenic in Fish, Shellfish and Fish Products, Analyst | 1981 | Peer-reviewed | GB iAs, tAs occurrence in Fish and shellfish product sample rows in Table V: herring, canned crab, haddock, NBS dried tuna, two whelk… (n=9) |
| 171 | Nielsen et al. 1975. Heavy metal levels in New Zealand molluscs, New Zealand Journal of Marine and Freshwater Research 9(4), 467-481 | 1975 | Peer-reviewed | NZ Cd, Pb, tHg, Cu, Zn, Fe occurrence in Two hundred and three numbered samples (Appendix sample numbers 1-203) drawn from 199 sampling sites distributed around the… (n=203) |
| 172 | Reinke et al. 1975. The determination of arsenite and arsenate ions in fish and shellfish by selective extraction and polarography, Environmental Letters | 1975 | Peer-reviewed | CA iAs, tAs occurrence in White muscle or organ tissue from halibut, shrimp, haddock, crab, mackerel, herring, lobster tail, and lobster hepatopancreas analyzed… (n=8) |
Page history
The five most recent substantive edits to this page. The full version history lives in git; when DOI minting comes online (see schema docs), each entry below will also link to a version-pinned DataCite DOI.
| Commit | Date | Description |
|---|---|---|
| ae6c129 | 2026-07-01 | feat(auth): large login + role-based signup screens (design, burgundy) |