Antimony

Antimony is listed by Ufelle & Barchowsky 2021 among minor toxic metals for which toxicity has been described. The Essentials chapter does not provide a detailed antimony subsection, so this node is source-map context only.

Status

This page is a source-map stub created during the re-ingest of Ufelle & Barchowsky 2021. Substantive antimony-specific expansion awaits a dedicated ingest.

Sources

Auto-generated from source-page frontmatter. The “Used on this page for” column is populated by the orchestrator’s POPULATE-SOURCE-LEGEND action; pending entries appear as *[awaiting synthesis]*.

#CitationYearTypeUsed on this page for
1Fan et al. 2025. Occurrence, exposure and health risk assessment of heavy metals in green tea samples cultivated in Hangzhou area, Scientific Reports2025Peer-reviewedSb concentrations and health risk assessment in green tea (n=120) by ICP-MS
2FDA 2025. Compliance Program Guidance Manual: Toxic Elements in Food and Foodware, and Radionuclides in Food – Import and Domestic (Program 7304.019), US Food and Drug Administration2025Government reportFDA Compliance Program 7304.019: Sb surveillance in food and foodware, analytical methods and enforcement thresholds
3Ibrahim et al. 2025. Dietary Exposure and Health Risk Assessment of Selected Toxic and Essential Metals in Various Flavored Dairy Products, Biological Trace Element Research2025Peer-reviewedSb concentrations and health risk assessment in milk (n=180) by ICP-MS
4Yan et al. 2025. Association between infants’ serum levels of 26 metals and gut microbiota: a hospital-based cross-sectional study in China, Frontiers in Microbiology 16:16694752025Peer-reviewedInfant serum Sb and gut microbiota composition associations, hospital-based cross-sectional study
5Barquero et al. 2024. A preliminary assessment of mercury, methylmercury and other potentially toxic elements in largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides) from the Almadén mining district, Environmental Geochemistry and Health2024Peer-reviewed[awaiting synthesis]
6Kim 2024. Potential migration of heavy metals from food containers and health risk assessment, unknown2024Peer-reviewedSb data: A migration study measured heavy metals (Pb, Cd, As, Hg, Sb, Sn, Ge, Co, Mn) leaching from 120 disposable food containers (paper and plastic) collected from South Korean markets…
7Amarh et al. 2023. Health risk assessment of some selected heavy metals in infant food sold in Wa, Ghana, Heliyon2023Peer-reviewedSb concentrations and health risk assessment in infant/baby food (n=22)
8Milani et al. 2023. Trace Elements in Soy-Based Beverages: A Comprehensive Study of Total Content and In Vitro Bioaccessibility, International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health2023Peer-reviewedSb data: This A-tier peer-reviewed paper is the first promoted Category 5 occurrence source for the soy-based plant-milk row.
9Wang et al. 2023. Spatial distribution, sources, and risks of heavy metals in soil from industrial areas of Hangzhou, eastern China, Environmental Earth Sciences2023Peer-reviewedSb exposure in industrial settings: occupational biomonitoring and community health context
10Xie et al. 2023. Quantitative source identification, risk assessment and pollution of heavy metals in soils around a typical Sb smelter in central and southern China, Stochastic Environmental Research and Risk Assessment2023Peer-reviewedSb contamination in soils surrounding a hydrometallurgical smelter in Hunan: source apportionment and health risk assessment
11FDA 2022. FY2018-FY2020 TDS Elements Analytical Results Key, FDA Total Diet Study supporting documentation2022Government reportFDA TDS FY2018-2020 analytical key: Sb measurement LODs and QA/QC parameters by food category
12Davis et al. 2021. Low levels of salivary metals, oral microbiome composition and dental decay, Scientific Reports2021Peer-reviewedSb levels in saliva and oral microbiome composition associations in children
13Ufelle et al. 2021. Toxic Effects of Metals (Chapter 23), in Casarett & Doull’s Essentials of Toxicology, Fourth Edition, Casarett & Doull’s Essentials of Toxicology, Fourth Edition. McGraw Hill Education2021Textbook chapterToxicology reference text on antimony: mechanisms of toxicity, target organs, and clinical manifestations
14Chekri et al. 2019. Trace element contents in foods from the first French Total Diet Study on infants and toddlers, Journal of Food Composition and Analysis2019Peer-reviewedSb occurrence data from a Total Diet Study on infants and toddlers: concentrations across food categories
15FSA 2016. Survey of metals in commercial infant foods, infant formula and non-infant specific foods, UK Food Standards Agency report FS1020482016Government reportUK Food Standards Agency 2016 survey: Sb concentrations in infant foods and formula