Fruit
Stub page. Chekri et al. 2019 reports a French infant fruit-puree category and identifies fruit purees as the highest-tin infant-food category in that study. The source gives category-level values, not fruit-by-fruit distributions. chekri2019-french-infant-toddler-tds-trace-elements
Ranges by source, region, and variety
Pending fruit-specific occurrence extraction. Current product evidence is filed under fruit-purees and fruit-juice-not-canned.
Sources
Auto-generated from source-page frontmatter. The “Used on this page for” column is populated by the orchestrator’s POPULATE-SOURCE-LEGEND action; pending entries appear as *[awaiting synthesis]*.
| # | Citation | Year | Type | Used on this page for |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Collado-Lopez et al. 2025. Concentrations of Heavy Metals in Processed Baby Foods and Infant Formulas Worldwide: A Scoping Review, Nutrition Reviews | 2025 | Peer-reviewed | Global scoping review of Pb, Cd, tAs, and tHg in processed baby foods (75 studies, 580 products) including fruit purees; provides category-level evidence map for processed fruit |
| 2 | FDA 2025. Action Levels for Lead in Processed Food Intended for Babies and Young Children: Guidance for Industry, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Food and Drug Administration, Human Foods Program | 2025 | Government guidance | FDA Closer to Zero lead action levels for processed baby foods; sets 10 ppb Pb for fruit-based products (purees, mixtures) intended for infants and young children |
| 3 | Hadi et al. 2025. Health Impact of Heavy Metals in Samples of Dried Fruits in Iraq, International Journal of Analytical Chemistry | 2025 | Peer-reviewed | Pb, Cd, and Cr in 15 dried-fruit commodity types (Iranian-origin) sold in Iraqi markets; multiple samples exceed FAO/WHO MLs for Cd and Cr |
| 4 | Ventura et al. 2025. Dietary Exposure to Essential and Toxic Trace Elements in the Portuguese Population: A Total Diet Study Approach, Foods | 2025 | Peer-reviewed | tAs, Cd, Pb, and Sn in 163 pooled Portuguese TDS samples including fruit categories; all values below legal limits, fills EFSA monitoring data gap |
| 5 | Laoye et al. 2024. Assessment of heavy metal contamination in fish, fruits, and vegetables in Southwest Nigeria: A systematic review, F1000Research | 2024 | Peer-reviewed | [awaiting synthesis] |
| 6 | Meli et al. 2024. Chemical characterization of baby food consumed in Italy, PLOS ONE | 2024 | Peer-reviewed | Multi-element (Al, tAs, Cd, tHg, Ni, Pb, Sn) in 25 European baby foods including a fruit homogenate; apple sample had highest Al estimated daily intake |
| 7 | Henríquez-Hernández et al. 2023. Concentration of Essential, Toxic, and Rare Earth Elements in Ready-to-Eat Baby Purees from the Spanish Market, Nutrients 15(14):3251 | 2023 | Peer-reviewed | tAs, tHg, Pb, Cd, Ni, Al, Cr, and U in 40 commercial ready-to-eat fruit purees from Spanish market (6–12 month infants); ICP-MS, wet weight |
| 8 | FDA 2022. Total Diet Study Report: Fiscal Years 2018-2020 Elements Data, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Total Diet Study Program | 2022 | Government report | Multi-element (Cd, Pb, iAs, tAs, Ni, Al, and others) concentrations in US retail fruit as consumed; primary US population-level dietary toxic-element exposure dataset |
| 9 | Zmudzinska et al. 2022. Health Safety Assessment of Ready-to-Eat Products Consumed by Children Aged 0.5–3 Years on the Polish Market, Nutrients 14(11):2325 | 2022 | Peer-reviewed | tAs, Cd, tHg, and Pb in 397 Polish ready-to-eat baby foods including fruit mousses; ICP-MS and AAS, wet weight |
| 10 | Rusin et al. 2021. Cadmium and lead contents in fresh and processed fruit and vegetable products and the resulting dietary risk assessment, Scientific Reports | 2021 | Peer-reviewed | Cd and Pb in 370 fresh, frozen, dried, and processed fruit samples from Polish retail; directly compares processing-state effects on metal concentration |
| 11 | Chekri et al. 2019. Trace element contents in foods from the first French Total Diet Study on infants and toddlers, Journal of Food Composition and Analysis | 2019 | Peer-reviewed | Multi-element occurrence in 291 French infant foods including fruit purees; identifies fruit purees as the highest-Sn infant-food category in the study |
| 12 | Signes-Pastor et al. 2018. Infants’ dietary arsenic exposure during transition to solid food, Scientific Reports | 2018 | Peer-reviewed | Longitudinal infant biomarker study linking fruit puree introduction to urinary iAs and tAs changes during weaning; US New Hampshire birth cohort |
| 13 | Zhang et al. 2017. Characterization of the nutrient profile of processed red raspberries for use in nutrition labeling and promoting healthy food choices, Journal of Food Composition and Analysis | 2017 | Peer-reviewed | Nutrient profile of IQF, puree, and juice-concentrate red raspberry products; no heavy metal data — provides fruit-processing category context only |
| 14 | California Office of Environmental 1996. Evidence on the Developmental and Reproductive Toxicity of Cadmium, California Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment | 1996 | Government report | California Prop 65 hazard identification for Cd reproductive/developmental toxicity; lists fruit among dietary Cd exposure pathways |
| 15 | Codex 1995. General Standard for Contaminants and Toxins in Food and Feed (CXS 193-1995), Codex Alimentarius (Joint FAO/WHO Food Standards Programme) | 1995 | Government report | Operative Codex standard setting international maximum levels for Cd, Pb, and other contaminants in fruit and fruit products |