Provisional scaffold. This page was created automatically on 2026-05-19 so that an ingested source could route to it. Aliases, category, and the contamination profile have not yet been populated. Content below is minimal until a synthesis pass consolidates the literature for this ingredient.
Reason: ingest of unaegbu2016-fruit-heavy-metals-enugu declared ingredients/pineapple, which did not exist
Triggering source: Heavy metal, nutrient and antioxidant status of selected fruit samples sold in Enugu, Nigeria
Literature scope
The literature corpus for this ingredient is currently thin. Sources route here as ingest proceeds; once enough sources accumulate per the Part 9 synthesis trigger (n_studies ≥ 2 per metal), the synthesis pass will populate the contamination profile.
FDA TDS FY2018–FY2020 source observations
FDA measured the prepared foods named below. Each row describes that food and preparation, not every form of this ingredient. Values are µg/kg (ppb) on the FDA sample basis. ND means not detected; it is not a measured zero. Reporting limits can vary between composites. FY2018-FY2020 TDS Elements Analytical Results
| FDA food and preparation | Analyte | Composites | Detected | Detected concentrations (ppb) | Reporting limits (ppb) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 396: Pineapple, raw/frozen | tAs | 27 | 1 | 4.4 | 3 |
| 396: Pineapple, raw/frozen | Cd | 27 | 2 | 1–26 | 1 |
| 396: Pineapple, raw/frozen | Cr | 27 | 0 | ND in all composites | 50 |
| 396: Pineapple, raw/frozen | Pb | 27 | 0 | ND in all composites | 4 |
| 396: Pineapple, raw/frozen | tHg | 27 | 0 | ND in all composites | 1 |
| 396: Pineapple, raw/frozen | Ni | 27 | 7 | 41–91 | 40 |
| 396: Pineapple, raw/frozen | U | 27 | 0 | ND in all composites | 1 |
References
Works cited in this page’s text, in first-appearance order. See Sources for this page’s source inventory. Each title links to a source record with bibliographic details, reported findings, and document provenance.
- Heavy metal, nutrient and antioxidant status of selected fruit samples sold in Enugu, NigeriaPeer-reviewed
- FY2018-FY2020 TDS Elements Analytical ResultsDataset
Sources
Source records associated with this topic. Inclusion does not establish that every finding applies to this product or ingredient. References above identify works cited in the text.
| # | Citation | Year | Type | Used on this page for |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Okeke et al. 2026. Accumulation of Chromium, Lead and Arsenic in Calcium Carbide Induced Ripened Fruits and Their Possible Human Health Risks in Bauchi, Nigeria, International Journal of Research and Scientific Innovation | 2026 | Peer-reviewed | NG Cr, Pb, tAs occurrence in Naturally ripened and calcium-carbide-ripened banana, pineapple, and orange purchased from local markets in Bauchi Metropolis, Nigeria; pulverized fruit… (n=6) |
| 2 | Alsabagh 2025. Assessment of heavy metal and nitrate contamination in canned products from local markets in Baghdad, Alnakhla Journal of Science | 2025 | Peer-reviewed | IQ Pb, Cd, Co, Mn, Fe, Zn, Cu occurrence in Canned products from local markets in Baghdad, Iraq |
| 3 | Chahinez et al. 2025. Evaluation of trace element contents in canned tomato paste and canned pineapple marketed in Algeria, Research Square preprint | 2025 | Preprint | DZ Fe, Zn, Cu, Cd, Pb occurrence in Canned tomato paste and canned pineapple marketed in Algiers, Algeria (n=52) |
| 4 | Tsegay et al. 2025. Toxicological qualities and detoxification trends of fruit by-products for valorization: A review, Open Life Sciences 20:20251105 | 2025 | Peer-reviewed | tAs, Pb, Cd, Cr, Ni, Co, tHg occurrence in Narrative review of secondary literature on by-products (peels, pomace, seeds, kernels, rinds) from the globally highest-produced fruits in… |
| 5 | Yamanaka 2025. Corrosion Behavior of the Inner Surface of Unlacquered Tinplate Cans for Fruit Use, Materials Transactions | 2025 | Peer-reviewed | JP Sn, Fe occurrence in Commercially available pineapple cans with unlacquered tinplate interiors subjected to accelerated storage at 43 C; three cans were… (n=15) |
| 6 | Apilux et al. 2023. Determination of Heavy Metal Residues in Tropical Fruits near Industrial Estates in Rayong Province, Thailand: A Risk Assessment Study, Environment and Natural Resources Journal | 2023 | Peer-reviewed | TH tAs, Cd, Cu, tHg, Pb, Zn occurrence in Tropical fruits from three districts and markets in Rayong Province, Thailand |
| 7 | Lee et al. 2023. Occurrence and health risk assessment of antimony, arsenic, barium, cadmium, chromium, nickel, and lead in fresh fruits consumed in South Korea, Applied Biological Chemistry | 2023 | Peer-reviewed | KR tAs, Sb, Ba, Cd, Cr, Ni, Pb occurrence in Fresh fruits collected from supermarkets in six South Korean regions (Seoul, Gyeonggi-do, Chungcheong-do, Jeolla-do, Kyungsang-do, Gangwon-do), 14 fruit… (n=207) |
| 8 | Uchenna et al. 2023. Assessment of Heavy Metals in Edible Fruits Sold in Selected Markets in Ihiala Local Government Area, Anambra State, Journal of Sustainability and Environmental Management | 2023 | Peer-reviewed | NG Zn, Ni, Cu, Pb, Cr, tAs, Fe occurrence in Edible fruits from selected markets in Ihiala Local Government Area, Anambra State, Nigeria |
| 9 | FDA 2022. FY2018-FY2020 TDS Elements Analytical Results, FDA Total Diet Study | 2022 | Government dataset | US-FDA Pb, Cd, tAs, iAs, tHg, Ni, Cr, U, Sb occurrence in 3276 prepared food, beverage and water composites across 307 TDS foods, FY2018-FY2020 US collections (n=3276) |
| 10 | Kumar et al. 2022. Lead (Pb) Contamination in Agricultural Products and Human Health Risk Assessment in Bangladesh, Water, Air, & Soil Pollution 233:257 | 2022 | Peer-reviewed | BD Pb occurrence in Published Pb concentration data for commonly consumed agricultural foods and food products in Bangladesh. (n=Literature survey covering three cereals, five pulses, ten fruits, and 34 vegetables/other agricultural food items) |
| 11 | Subedi et al. 2022. Determination of heavy metals in varieties of fresh and packaged fruit juices along with powdered fruit drink mixes in Kathmandu Valley, Journal of Balkumari College | 2022 | Peer-reviewed | NP Fe, Mn, Zn, Pb occurrence in Fresh juices, packaged juices, and powdered fruit drink mixes sold in Kathmandu Valley, Nepal |
| 12 | Samitha et al. 2021. Monitoring Heavy Metal Contamination in the Pineapple (Ananas comosus) Cultivated tracts of Kerala, India, International Journal of Current Science Research and Review | 2021 | Peer-reviewed | IN Pb, Ni, Cd, Fe occurrence in Pineapple cultivated tracts in Ernakulam district, Kerala, India |
| 13 | Abdullahi 2019. Analysis and Evaluation of the Effect of Heavy Metals in Fruits and Vegetables, International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development | 2019 | Peer-reviewed | NG Zn, Cu, Fe, Cd, Ni, Pb occurrence in Orange, pineapple, waterleaf, and pumpkin leaf samples from a local market in Nigeria |
| 14 | Mariadi et al. 2017. Removal lead (Pb) and mercury (Hg) from juaro fish (Pangasius polyuranodon) using citric acid from pineapple extract (Ananas comosus) as chelating agent, Science and Technology Indonesia | 2017 | Peer-reviewed | ID Pb, tHg occurrence in Juaro fish treated with citric acid from pineapple extract |
| 15 | Alzagtat et al. 2016. Conformity of Fruit Nectar Samples to Libyan Specification Standards, Turkish Journal of Agriculture - Food Science and Technology | 2016 | Peer-reviewed | LY Cu, Zn, Fe, tAs, Pb, Cd occurrence in Local and imported fruit nectar samples from Libyan markets |
| 16 | Unaegbu et al. 2016. Heavy metal, nutrient and antioxidant status of selected fruit samples sold in Enugu, Nigeria, International Journal of Food Contamination | 2016 | Peer-reviewed | NG/US/ZA Ni, Cd, Pb occurrence in Ten fruit samples representing apple, pineapple, orange, watermelon, and banana sold in Ogbete market, Enugu, Nigeria; source table… (n=10) |
| 17 | Blunden et al. 2003. Tin in canned food: a review and understanding of occurrence and effect, Food and Chemical Toxicology, Vol. 41, Issue 12, pp. 1651-1662 | 2003 | Peer-reviewed | UK/EU/US Sn occurrence in Narrative review of tin-in-canned-food literature commissioned by ITRI Ltd (the International Tin Research Institute) compiling published primary clinical,… |
Page history
The five most recent substantive edits to this page. The full version history lives in git; when DOI minting comes online (see schema docs), each entry below will also link to a version-pinned DataCite DOI.
| Commit | Date | Description |
|---|---|---|
| 69e1bd7 | 2026-05-28 | autonomy: commit pending sync-source-counts + tracker updates from stalled ticks |
| 2e76484 | 2026-05-26 | state sync: 16h of daemon-stalled work — ingredient/routing/audit updates from yesterday’s interrupted tick |
| 23a9d75 | 2026-05-20 | autonomy: daemon tick 2026-05-20T02-27-45Z — gap-healing + extraction + pooling + briefings |
| 1205e69 | 2026-05-19 | autonomy: daemon tick 2026-05-19T15-55-42Z — gap-healing + extraction + pooling + briefings |
| d784e29 | 2026-05-19 | stranded work: 7 Codex auto-gap source pages + 2 ingredient stubs + accumulated daemon artifacts |
Update history
No substantive edit history is available in this build. The full commit record is available in git.