Overview
This study measured As, Cd, Cu, Hg, Pb, and Zn in six tropical fruits from Rayong Province, Thailand, near industrial estates. It is routeable for fresh-fruit and pineapple context, with market and fruit-type variation preserved.
Key numbers
Source units are mg/kg.
- Across sampled fruits, metal concentrations ranged from 0.0004 to 6.7095 mg/kg.
- Toxic metals As, Cd, Hg, and Pb ranged from 0.0004 to 0.4625 mg/kg.
- Fruit-type ordering reported by the authors: As, jackfruit > durian > mangosteen > long kong > pineapple > rambutan; Cd, mangosteen > jackfruit > durian > rambutan > long kong > pineapple; Pb, long kong > jackfruit > durian > rambutan > pineapple > mangosteen; Zn, jackfruit > durian > rambutan > long kong > mangosteen > pineapple.
- Lead exceeded the maximum permissible limit in 16.7% of fruit samples, including durian market B 0.1427 +/- 0.0635, jackfruit market B 0.2949 +/- 0.0763, and long kong market A 0.4625 +/- 0.0604.
- The authors report average THQs below 1 for males and females, but market B hazard index exceeded 1 for both males and females.
Methods
As, Cd, Cu, Pb, and Zn were measured by ICP-MS; Hg was measured by CV-AAS. Samples covered durian, jackfruit, pineapple, rambutan, long kong, and mangosteen from Rayong Province.
Implications
The source fills fresh-fruit seasonal/geographic variance context for Thailand. Pineapple should be interpreted as one of six fruit types; the strongest numeric lead exceedances were in durian, jackfruit, and long kong.
Wiki pages this source may touch
Verification notes
- Source identity checked against DOI 10.32526/ennrj/21/202200146 and the downloaded PDF.
- The OCR table is staggered; summary ranges and author-reported exceedance values are used where row alignment is reliable.
Update history
This page has no substantive edit history yet. Future revisions will be recorded here once the change lands in git.