Canned Foods, General
Provisional scaffold. This page was created automatically on 2026-05-30 so that an ingested source could route to it. The HMTc taxonomy row, clean/contaminated pairing, primary metals of concern, and detailed scope have not yet been locked. Content below is minimal until a synthesis pass or taxonomy review consolidates the literature for this product class.
Reason: HMTc Cat 7 row 11 taxonomy destination existed in products/index.md but had no page; rollup of canned-tomatoes/fruit/vegetables/tomato-paste/sauce. Created during fan-out repair 2026-05-30.
Literature scope
The literature corpus for this product class is currently thin. Sources route here as ingest proceeds; once enough sources accumulate, the synthesis pass will populate the Literature Evidence Summary, Source Evidence Inventory, and downstream sections per CLAUDE.md Part 6.
Sources
Auto-generated from source-page frontmatter. The “Used on this page for” column is populated by the orchestrator’s POPULATE-SOURCE-LEGEND action; pending entries appear as *[awaiting synthesis]*.
| # | Citation | Year | Type | Used on this page for |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Ye et al. 2026. Occurrence of Tin in Foods and Dietary Exposure Assessment in Zhejiang Province, China, Foods | 2026 | Peer-reviewed | CN Sn occurrence in 2014 food samples from Zhejiang Province, China, collected 2018–2019 using multistage stratified random sampling: fresh vegetables (n=673), tea… (n=2014) |
| 2 | Ali et al. 2025. Carbon Dots Fluorometric Sensor for Simultaneous Detection of Aluminum and Cobalt in Canned Foods | 2025 | Peer-reviewed | Al occurrence in Canned tomato sauce and canned tuna used as food validation matrices; Co is not an HMT&C analyte |
| 3 | Alsabagh 2025. Assessment of heavy metal and nitrate contamination in canned products from local markets in Baghdad, Alnakhla Journal of Science | 2025 | Peer-reviewed | IQ Pb, Cd, Co, Mn, Fe, Zn, Cu occurrence in Canned products from local markets in Baghdad, Iraq |
| 4 | Chahinez et al. 2025. Evaluation of trace element contents in canned tomato paste and canned pineapple marketed in Algeria, Research Square preprint | 2025 | Preprint | DZ Fe, Zn, Cu, Cd, Pb occurrence in Canned tomato paste and canned pineapple marketed in Algiers, Algeria (n=52) |
| 5 | Mititelu et al. 2025. Assessing Heavy Metal Contamination in Food: Implications for Human Health and Environmental Safety, Toxics | 2025 | Review | EU/US/RO Pb, Cd, tAs, iAs, tHg, MeHg, Ni, Cr, Sn occurrence in Narrative review; no primary sample collection. Synthesizes published literature and regulatory data across multiple countries. |
| 6 | Shavali-gilani et al. 2025. Investigation of heavy metal levels in canned tomato paste, olives, and pickled cucumbers, Scientific Reports | 2025 | Peer-reviewed | IR Cd, Cu, tAs, Fe, Pb, Sn, Zn, tHg occurrence in 49 canned samples (tomato paste, olives, pickled cucumbers) from five popular brands in Tehran, Iran (n=49) |
| 7 | Yamanaka 2025. Corrosion Behavior of the Inner Surface of Unlacquered Tinplate Cans for Fruit Use, Materials Transactions | 2025 | Peer-reviewed | JP Sn, Fe occurrence in Commercially available pineapple cans with unlacquered tinplate interiors subjected to accelerated storage at 43 C; three cans were… (n=15) |
| 8 | Kangre 2024. Heavy metal migration, exposure, and health risk through canned tomato mix under different marketing display models, MPhil Thesis, University of Education Winneba, Ghana | 2024 | Thesis | GH Pb, Sn occurrence in 32 cans of canned tomato mix (single brand) from the Effutu Municipality (Winneba), Ghana: 16 from sunlight-exposed shops,… (n=32) |
| 9 | Sadhya et al. 2023. Regulation in India of Heavy Metals in Food Items: A Critical Analysis, Environmental Analysis & Ecology Studies | 2023 | Review | IN Pb, Cu, tAs, Sn, Cd, tHg, MeHg, Cr, Ni, Se, Sb, Ba, Co, Fe, Li, Mn, Zn occurrence in Legal review of the Indian regulatory framework governing heavy metals in food and food packaging. No primary measurements… |
| 10 | Mania et al. 2021. The content of lead, cadmium, arsenic, mercury and tin in fruit and their products based on monitoring studies – exposure assessment, Roczniki Państwowego Zakładu Higieny (Annals of the National Institute of Hygiene) | 2021 | Peer-reviewed | PL/EU Pb, Cd, tAs, tHg, Sn occurrence in Approximately 600 samples of fresh, frozen, dried fruits, fruit preserves and canned fruits collected throughout Poland in 2015… (n=600) |
| 11 | Rusin et al. 2021. Concentration of cadmium and lead in vegetables and fruits, Scientific Reports | 2021 | Peer-reviewed | PL Cd, Pb occurrence in 370 samples drawn from the Polish retail market and analysed under Polish State Sanitary Inspection (n=292 by the… (n=370) |
| 12 | EL et al. 2020. Aluminum exposure from food in the population of Lebanon, Toxicology Reports | 2020 | Peer-reviewed | LB Al occurrence in Ninety-seven food items collected May–September 2018 from the Beirut retail market (105 sampled; 8 discarded for turbidity), comprising… (n=97) |
| 13 | Grochowska-Niedworok et al. 2020. Assessment of cadmium and lead content in tomatoes and tomato products, Roczniki Państwowego Zakładu Higieny (Annals of the National Institute of Hygiene) | 2020 | Peer-reviewed | PL/EU Pb, Cd occurrence in Fresh and processed tomato products purchased in Polish retail and local markets; variety includes conventional, organic, multiple varieties,… (n=25) |
| 14 | Uroko et al. 2020. Quantification of Heavy Metals in Canned Tomato Paste Sold in Ubani-Umuahia, Nigeria, Journal of Bio-Science | 2020 | Peer-reviewed | NG Pb, Ni, Cu, Co, Fe, Cr, Cd, Mn, Zn occurrence in Ten coded canned tomato-paste products purchased from Ubani-Umuahia market, Nigeria. (n=10) |
| 15 | Centre for Food Safety 2019. Guidelines on the Food Adulteration (Metallic Contamination) (Amendment) Regulation 2018, USDA Foreign Agricultural Service GAIN Report HK1922, relaying the Hong Kong Centre for Food Safety Guidelines for the Food Adulteration (Metallic Contamination) (Amendment) Regulation 2018 (Cap. 132V sub. leg.) | 2019 | Government report | HK Sb, tAs, iAs, Ba, B, Cd, Cr, Cu, Pb, Mn, MeHg, tHg, Ni, Se, Sn, U occurrence in Not a sampling study. Regulatory document setting maximum levels (MLs) for 14 metallic contaminants across food and food… |
| 16 | Al et al. 2018. Environmental exposure assessment of cadmium, lead, copper and zinc in different Palestinian canned foods, Agriculture & Food Security 7:50 | 2018 | Peer-reviewed | PS Cd, Pb, Cu, Zn occurrence in 16 canned food samples (4 brand-product combinations each of beans, chickpeas, corn, mushroom) purchased from a single supermarket… (n=16) |
| 17 | Muniz et al. 2018. Evaluation of metals in tomato sauces stored in different types of packaging, Food Science and Technology | 2018 | Peer-reviewed | BR tAs, Cd, Pb, Cr, Ni, Sb, Sn occurrence in 20 retail tomato sauce samples in 4 packaging types (plastic, metallic/canned, cellulosic, glass), 2 brands, Rio de Janeiro… (n=20) |
| 18 | Hobbie et al. 2014. Stainless Steel Leaches Nickel and Chromium into Foods During Cooking, Society of Toxicology 2014 Annual Meeting (poster) | 2014 | Conference proceedings | US Ni, Cr occurrence in Laboratory-controlled cooking trials using three NIST stainless-steel reference materials (NIST 121d and 123c, both grade-304 equivalents; NIST 160b,… |
| 19 | Buculei et al. 2012. Study regarding the tin and iron migration from metallic cans into foodstuff during storage, Journal of Agroalimentary Processes and Technologies, 18(4), 299-303 | 2012 | Peer-reviewed | RO Sn, Fe occurrence in Four canned product types (peas, tomato paste, pork in own juice, pork liver pate) packed in three-piece tinplate… (n=4) |
| 20 | Centre for Food Safety 2012. The First Hong Kong Total Diet Study: Inorganic Arsenic, Centre for Food Safety, Food and Environmental Hygiene Department, Government of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region | 2012 | Government report | HK iAs occurrence in Hong Kong adult population aged 20-84; composite samples from 150 TDS food items collected on four occasions March… (n=600) |
| 21 | Trandafir et al. 2012. Determination of Tin in Canned Foods by Inductively Coupled Plasma-Mass Spectrometry, Polish Journal of Environmental Studies | 2012 | Peer-reviewed | RO/EU Sn occurrence in 14 canned food products (4 pineapple brands, mandarin oranges, fruit cocktail, small whole carrots, mushrooms, 2 peeled-tomato-in-juice brands,… (n=14) |
| 22 | Committee on Toxicity of 2008. COT Statement on the 2006 UK Total Diet Study of Metals and Other Elements, Committee on Toxicity statement | 2008 | Government report | GB Al, Sb, tAs, iAs, Ba, Cd, Cr, Cu, Pb, Mn, tHg, Mo, Ni, Se, Sn, Tl, Zn occurrence in 2006 UK Total Diet Study: 119 food categories combined into 20 prepared-as-consumed food groups for metals and other… (n=20) |
| 23 | David et al. 2008. The heavy metals analyses in canned tomato paste, Journal of Agroalimentary Processes and Technologies | 2008 | Peer-reviewed | RO/IT Pb, Cd, Sn, Al, Cr, Fe, Zn, tAs occurrence in Five commercial canned tomato paste and tomato sauce products sampled from the Romanian retail market in 2008: three… (n=5) |
| 24 | JECFA 2006. Evaluation of certain food contaminants — Sixty-fourth report of the Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives, WHO Technical Report Series 930 (Sixty-fourth meeting of JECFA, Rome, 8-17 February 2005) | 2006 | Government report | international Cd, Sn occurrence in Cadmium: raw or aggregated occurrence data submitted to GEMS/Food by Australia, Canada, Germany, Japan, New Zealand, Norway, USA,… |
| 25 | EFSA 2005. Opinion of the Scientific Panel on Dietetic Products, Nutrition and Allergies on a request from the Commission related to the tolerable upper intake level of tin, EFSA Journal | 2005 | Regulatory opinion | EU/GB/FR Sn occurrence in EFSA opinion summarising dietary tin occurrence/intake literature, including UK 1997 Total Diet Study food-group means and French lacquered/unlacquered… |
| 26 | Blunden et al. 2003. Tin in canned food: a review and understanding of occurrence and effect, Food and Chemical Toxicology, Vol. 41, Issue 12, pp. 1651-1662 | 2003 | Peer-reviewed | UK/EU/US Sn occurrence in Narrative review of tin-in-canned-food literature commissioned by ITRI Ltd (the International Tin Research Institute) compiling published primary clinical,… |
| 27 | JECFA 1989. Tin — Toxicological monograph prepared by the 33rd meeting of the Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives, WHO Food Additives Series, No. 24 (Toxicological evaluation of certain food additives and contaminants, prepared by the 33rd meeting of JECFA, March 1988) | 1989 | Government report | international Sn occurrence in Re-examination of published human case-series and controlled-feeding data, 1887-1975 |
Who this page is for
Pending. The brand-legal, retailer-compliance, HMTc-internal, and regulator audiences are listed in OPERATING.md Part 2; this section will frame what each is looking for on this page.
Methodology
Pending. This section will state the speciation, basis-preservation, row-fit, and pooling rules from CLAUDE.md Part 6 that govern downstream sections of this page.
Literature Evidence Summary
Literature Evidence Summary
The table below summarizes what the peer-reviewed and government literature cited on this page reports for heavy-metal concentrations in Canned Foods, General. Values are pulled directly from cited sources without re-aggregation; pooling, percentile selection, and threshold math sit in the staff Standards Workbench rather than this public page.
Methodology rules for speciation, basis preservation, non-detect handling, and source pooling are stated in the Methodology section above and apply to every row below.
| Analyte | Subcategory | Reported concentration range | Detection rate | Applicable regulatory cap | Sources | Confidence | Basis |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sn | Canned Foods, General (no contributing evidence loaded) | No concentration data loaded for this analyte | Sample-level detection rate not reported | 250000 ppb | 0 | data gap | Basis not reported |
Source Evidence Inventory
Hand-curated section. Populated by the synthesis pass as sources contribute.
Broad Product Context: Author-Scope Index
Pending: regenerated by tools/evidence/apply-product-broad-context.mjs once broad-scope sources route to this page.
Federal/Regulatory Limits vs Field Findings
Pending: regenerated by tools/apply-product-crosswalk-sections.mjs once applicable_regulations are identified and field-finding evidence is pooled.
Levers to reduce contamination
Pending synthesis. Practical interventions to reduce heavy-metal load — ordered by impact magnitude across sourcing, agronomic, processing, formulation, testing-QC, and packaging-storage levers — will be populated from contributing ingredient pages’ Mitigation options sections and the relevant mitigation/ pages. The Levers section is the brand-legal-actionable surface of this page.
How standards math uses this page
The percentile arithmetic that informs HMTc thresholds for this product category lives on the staff Standards Workbench (data/workbench/standards/<this-slug>.md). This public page reports literature evidence; the workbench applies the methodology in CLAUDE.md Part 19. The gap between literature evidence and HMTc thresholds is named honestly on the workbench, not hidden.
Historical recalls and enforcement
Pending synthesis. Public-record regulatory events for this product category will be summarized here as the synthesis pass identifies them. Per CLAUDE.md Part 12, recalls are framed as regulatory events, not brand rankings.
Page history
The five most recent substantive edits to this page. The full version history lives in git; when DOI minting comes online (see schema docs), each entry below will also link to a version-pinned DataCite DOI.
| Commit | Date | Description |
|---|---|---|
| ae6c129 | 2026-07-01 | feat(auth): large login + role-based signup screens (design, burgundy) |