Overview
This study measured Fe, Mn, Zn, and Pb in fresh fruit juices, packaged fruit juices, and powdered fruit drink mixes from Kathmandu Valley. Pineapple is one of the fruit flavors directly measured, so the source supports fruit-juice and pineapple-drink context.
Key numbers
Source units are mg/L.
- Packaged pineapple juice: Fe 0.1; Mn 0.03; Zn 0.55; Pb <0.01.
- Packaged orange juice: Fe 0.26; Mn <0.01; Zn 0.19; Pb <0.01.
- Packaged apple juice: Fe 2.91; Mn 0.15; Zn 0.78; Pb <0.01.
- Fresh pineapple juice had Mn <0.01 and Zn 0.05; fresh orange juice had Fe 1.15 and Zn 0.29.
- Lead was below 0.01 mg/L in all fruit juices and powdered fruit drink mixes.
- The paper reports that all measured metals were below the comparison maximum permissible limits used in the study.
Methods
Samples were digested with nitric acid and analyzed using flame atomic absorption spectroscopy.
Implications
The source provides useful fruit-juice occurrence context for Nepal. It is especially helpful as a low/ND lead observation across fresh, packaged, and powdered drink matrices.
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Verification notes
- Source identity checked against DOI 10.3126/jbkc.v11i1.53024 and the downloaded PDF.
- Brand names were not transcribed; the source reports fruit type and drink format, which are sufficient for routing.
Update history
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