body composition, blood pressure and vascular function, lipid profile, glucose homeostasis, biomarkers of inflammation and oxidative stress,

Overview

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Key numbers

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© The Author(s), 2023. Published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of The Nutrition Society. This is an Open Access article, distributed
under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution licence (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted re-use,
Health effects of 100% fruit and vegetable juices: evidence from human subject
The health effects of 100% fruit and vegetable juices (FVJ) represent a controversial topic. FVJ contain notable amounts of free sugars, but also
light on the potential impact of 100% FVJ on human subject health, comprehensively assessing the role each type of juice may have in specific
prospects were discussed. Although 100% FVJ appear to have beneficial effects on some cardiometabolic health outcomes, cognition and
the impact of 100% FVJ on human subject health.
(Received 2 March 2023; revised 9 August 2023; accepted 21 August 2023; accepted manuscript published online 1 September 2023)
100% fruit juices (FJ) have a nutritional composition closer
The health effects of 100% fruit and vegetable juices (FVJ)
of 100% FVJ and the role of fruit and vegetable consumption in
In terms of micronutrients, Mitchell et al. (2020)(6) found that
preventing non-communicable diseases(1), scientific evidence
on the sugar content of FVJ. Indeed, although 100% FVJ have
are supported by Brauchla et al. (2021)(7), who observed a
1. in a US nationally representative survey, likely driven by a
data, 100% FJ intake was associated with better nutrient intake
and diet quality in adults(8) and improved nutrient adequacy in
for a 2000 kcal/8368 kJ diet), with sugars from FVJ being
classified as free sugars(3). While the adverse effects of excess
unclear and deserves further discussion(2,4). Overall, limiting
100% FVJ only because of their sugar content is not a balanced
with reduced risk of various diseases(12,13,14). Ho et al. (2020)(15)
https://doi.org/10.1017/S095442242300015X Published online by Cambridge University Press
Health effects of juices 195
reviews and meta-analysis (SRMA) on randomised controlled included by specifying that the juice was not 100% FJ. Lastly, a
content in 100% FJ has demonstrated how anthocyanins, but not outcome was provided, considering the evidence available and
of some 100% FJ on total and LDL-cholesterol (LDL-C)(16). The
General evidence from 100% fruit and vegetable
of 100% FVJ. Therefore, it is essential to address the discussion on
the health effects of 100% FVJ from a comprehensive point of Most of the studies on the effects of 100% FVJ are related to
naturally containing sugars, but also other beneficial compo- with an increased sugar intake(17). Comparison among different
tional studies. This literature is key to understanding the prospective cohort study with 35,000 participants (aged 20–70
health prospects of FVJ, but it presents a great heterogeneity years at enrolment), Scheffers et al. (2021)(18) found that
of outcomes as the classification of FVJ is often ambiguous: substituting 100% FJ for SSB was associated with lower
although some authors distinguish between 100% FVJ and other cardiometabolic risk, whereas replacing 100% FJ for fruit was
consider the compositional differences among 100% FVJ, nectars diseases (CVD), stroke, and type 2 diabetes (T2D). Authors
and even most SSB that typically contain only small amounts of concluded that 100% FJ did not appear to be different from
FVJ(17). Assessing together all the FVJ-derived products may lead whole fruit in relation to cardiometabolic risk(18). Cross-sectional
to misunderstandings as it is clear that the composition of sugars, data from about 8500 participants in the US Nurses’ Health Study
health(2). On the other hand, while merging all the different 100% association was less consistent for FJ(19). Similar results were
needs certain specificity. It seems reasonable to expect that sumption of 100% FJ up to 1·5 daily servings was not linked to

Methods (brief)

representative papers (by experimental design and sample size) it is not the aim of this review, the following meta-analysis on the
grapefruit juice (626 mg/l of naringenin glycosides) or isoener- meal, slowed down starch digestion through premature inhibition
function, no effect on BP and endothelial function (for example, be explored in the light of the evidence collected for orange
Genetic polymorphisms were considered key to the better individuals(79). These results were in line with the data collected
(2019)(157) concluded that a 4-week intake of 100 ml/d of observed, although the sample size was quite limited(164).
1. Lamport DJ, Lawton CL, Merat N, et al. (2016) Concord grape pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) Juice by UHPLC-MSn.
status, blood pressure, and lymphocyte DNA damage produced juices by HPLC-DAD–ESI/MSn. Food Chem 127,
raphy/tandem mass spectrometry and characterization of Nutr 29, 491–497.
anthocyanins decrease concentrations of TNF-α in older inflammatory biomarkers in human plasma samples: an

Implications

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Verification notes

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Update history

The five most recent substantive edits to this page, classified major (evidence or structure moved), correction (a published value or statement was wrong and has been fixed), or minor (narrative rewritten without changing the underlying evidence). Each description is derived from what the edit did to this page; the linked commit is the authoritative record, routine regeneration passes are excluded, and the full version history lives in git. When DOI minting comes online (see schema docs), each entry below will also link to a version-pinned DataCite DOI.

Commit	Date	Change	Description
3171d06	2026-08-02	major	1 section added
bc84bfc	2026-08-02	major	6 sections added; narrative text revised