Intakes of Fish and Long-Chain Jannike Øyen,1 Anne Lise Brantsæter,2

Overview

This source page is a mechanical bulk-ingest record for a PDF in the research-pulls corpus. It preserves source-level identity, routeable product/analyte scope, and exact extracted numeric lines for later human or fresh-context audit. It does not derive HMTc thresholds, percentiles, or brand-by-brand comparisons.

Key numbers

The worker extracted the full PDF text with layout preservation twice and compared extraction hashes before commit. The following lines are copied from numeric/table-bearing regions of the PDF and retain the source units and wording where legible:

• Median age was 31 years (interquartile range 27, 34) at time of delivery, and follow- Denmark
• up time was 7.5 years (6.5, 8.5). Type 2 diabetes occurred in 683 (1.1%) participants. 5
• increasing energy-adjusted lean fish intake (25 g/1,000 kcal: hazard ratio 0.71, 95% CI Development, Norwegian Institute of Public
• sented to participation in 41% of the MoBa FFQ was validated in 119 MoBa
• weekly intake (TWI) for MeHg of 1.3 mg/ tension development within 10 years fol- food diary was r 5 0.49 (95% CI
• but prospective studies evaluating young mation on all dispensed prescriptions to (i.e., 0.3–6.0% fat) included cod, saithe,
• ations between total fish, lean fish, fatty only women who delivered between fish. Fatty fish species (10–24% fat)
• Other nutrient variables were also of mercury. Total fish contributes 88% of continuous variables, respectively. Tests
• position Table. With measurements and tes medication use (Anatomical Thera- size of 140 g for dinner and of 20–25 g
• food items as well as foods that are included both insulin and oral agents but intake level (none, median intake <0.4 g/
• included in composite meals based on excluded those only taking insulin regu- day, and median intake $0.4 g/day) in
• and dl-PCBs were calculated per kilo- cation users (70%) were missing any betes mellitus, and gestational hyper-
• groups (g/1,000 kcal or g/day) (e.g., vege- vegetables/fruits/nuts, fiber, polyunsatu- significant associations were observed
• tables, fruits, red meat, pork meat, poul- rated fat, and LCn-3PUFA from food and (Fig. 1). Results from the analyses of cate-
• their inclusion did not alter the results (Table 1) (Ptrend < 0.001). Similar findings Sensitivity Analyses
• explored consistencies in results in analy- (Supplementary Table 1). risk of type 2 diabetes was observed with
• The proportionality assumptions for of total energy, all energy-adjusted fish $25 kg/m2 (model 3: HR 0.61, 95% CI
• the Cox models were evaluated graphi- categories (except shellfish), milk/dairy, 0.43–0.86, P 5 0.005) (Table 3). No signifi-
• ratios (HRs) were stable, and the propor- fruits/nuts, fiber, and protein but were of total fish, fatty fish, or LCn-3PUFA from
• tion ratios were validated for all models. inversely associated with meat in gen- supplements (Table 3). Similar findings
• polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB)-153, and Table 2) (Ptrend < 0.001). Similar results Table 5). Also, in evaluation of quintile cat-
• order correlation. day) (Supplementary Table 3). fish intake was associated with a signifi-
• and 303 (0.5%) women with missing base- Fish and LCn-3PUFA Intakes and Risk lementary Fig. 3). Similar findings were
• Median absolute intake of total fish and 3.9 pg TEQ-05/kg body wt/week (2.8,
• 0.022) (Table 2). In contrast, no signifi-
• lementary Table 1), and the median ener- intake of total fish, fatty fish, or LCn-
• BMI 23.1 kg/m2 (21.1, 26.0) (Table 1), risk of type 2 diabetes was seen for lean In this large prospective population-based
• maternal physical activity, and educa- (model 3: HR 0.69, 95% CI 0.55–0.88) 3PUFA supplements, was associated with
• Table 1—Baseline characteristics for all participants and by quintiles of energy-adjusted total fish* intake
• Vegetables/fruits/nuts, g/1,000 kcal 336 (247, 445) 302 (213, 415) 326 (239, 431) 340 (253, 445) 351 (263, 456) 359 (268, 473)
• Total fat, E% 30.6 (27.8, 33.6) 30.6 (27.5, 33.7) 30.7 (27.8, 33.6) 30.7 (27.9, 33.6) 30.6 (27.7, 33.4) 30.6 (27.8, 33.6)
• (mean age of 48 years) that a high intake resistance. In a crossover trial, lean fish
• 0.34 (0.25, 0.48) other studies have reported no (9,11,15) healthy normoglycemic adults with mean
• 0.32 (0.20, 0.51) type 2 diabetes with increased lean fish diabetes (odds ratio 1.07, 95% CI
• Monounsaturated fat, E% sumption, the prevalence of type 2 diabe- burden of PCBs may result from increas-
• Table 1—Continued
• LCn-3PUFA from supplements, g MeHg, mg/kg body wt/week
• species. However, guidelines for fish The FFQ was detailed enough to sepa- which likely accounts for 25% of total
• ≥median (≥0.40) 2 diabetes risk. In stratified analyses, a
• Figure 1—Forest plot showing the associations (HR and 95% CI) between quintiles of energy-adjusted dioxins and dl-PCBs, did not increase the
• Data are HR (95% CI) unless otherwise indicated. *Adjustment for energy intake and age. †Adjustment for energy intake, age, gestational diabetes mellitus, and gestational hypertension including pre-

Methods (brief)

• health registries (16). The establishment of samples as markers of foods and nut-
• G.M.E. collected data. G.M.E. verified NorPD
• InterAct Consortium. The prospective association 28. Brantsæter AL, Birgisdottir BE, Meltzer HM, pre- and post- diagnostic plasma samples.

Implications

This page makes the source discoverable for category-level evidence routing. Values remain source-native and should be used only with the stated matrix, species, basis, geography, and censoring context from the paper. The page does not convert total mercury to methylmercury or use total arsenic as inorganic arsenic.

Wiki pages this source may touch

• Fish — marine, predatory (tuna, swordfish, shark, king mackerel)
• Fish — marine, non-predatory (sardines, anchovies, salmon, cod)
• Shellfish (shrimp, crab, lobster, clams, oysters, mussels)
• Mercury
• Mercury
• Arsenic

Verification notes

• Identity check: DOI, raw handle, candidate cite-key, and SHA-256 were compared against existing wiki/sources/ pages before creation.
• Full-PDF read: pdftotext -layout was run on the full PDF twice; extracted text hashes matched before the page was written.
• Numeric verification: numeric/table-bearing lines were selected mechanically from the verified extraction and preserved without unit conversion or rounding.
• Brand firewall: the worker skips PDFs when extracted numeric lines appear brand/manufacturer-sensitive; this page contains category-level or species-level evidence only.
• HMTc firewall: no threshold, percentile, pass/fail, clean/dirty, or certification math is stated.

Update history

The five most recent substantive edits to this page, classified major (evidence or structure moved), correction (a published value or statement was wrong and has been fixed), or minor (narrative rewritten without changing the underlying evidence). Each description is derived from what the edit did to this page; the linked commit is the authoritative record, routine regeneration passes are excluded, and the full version history lives in git. When DOI minting comes online (see schema docs), each entry below will also link to a version-pinned DataCite DOI.