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Heavy Metal Index

Sebastian Granitzer 1,2 , Raimund Widhalm 1,2 , Martin Forsthuber 2 , Isabella Ellinger 3 , Gernot Desoye 4 ,

Source

This source page is a mechanical bulk-ingest record for a PDF in the research-pulls corpus.

Page snapshot
Cited by8 pages
Metals measured5
Evidence tierB
Year2021

Overview

This source page is a mechanical bulk-ingest record for a PDF in the research-pulls corpus. It preserves source-level identity, routeable product/analyte scope, and exact extracted numeric lines for later human or fresh-context audit. It does not derive HMTc thresholds, percentiles, or brand-by-brand comparisons.

Key numbers

The worker extracted the full PDF text with layout preservation twice and compared extraction hashes before commit. The following lines are copied from numeric/table-bearing regions of the PDF and retain the source units and wording where legible:

  • noncytotoxic concentration of 0.03 µM MeHg (~6 µg/L). Treatment with ≥0.3 µM MeHg increased
  • were reduced to 10–15% following transfection with LAT1-targeting siRNA in comparison
  • were also reduced to 20% in LAT1-depleted cells (Figure 1c; the whole immunoblot is
  • and 3.0 µM MeHg raised the levels of LAT1 mRNA up to 60% at 3.0 µM MeHg (Figure 1b)
  • and LAT1 protein up to 70% at 3.0 µM MeHg (Figure 1c). In order to address compen-
  • to 40% less Hg (total Hg was analyzed) than control cells. In control cells, apoptosis was
  • (siLAT1) cells. The data represent mean values ± SD from three independent experiments, each performed in triplicate.
  • to 50% of unexposed cells and increased cytotoxicity up to 125% of nontreated cells. In
  • treatment for 72 h. RLU: Relative Luminescence Unit; RFU: Relative Fluorescence Unit. The data represent mean values ± SD
  • were increased only at high MeHg doses (≥1.8 µM), reaching levels of ~160% relative to
  • GSH levels to ~70% of control cells relatively independently of MeHg treatment; even
  • at MeHg concentrations of ≥1.8 µM (up to 400% of the unexposed group after 3 µM MeHg
  • 120 mg/L) was offered than present in standard medium (15 mg/L methionine; ~100 µM).
  • This was the case at constant cysteine supply (50 mg/L; ~208 µM) and independent of
  • 50 mg/L cysteine and 15 mg/L methionine are in bold numbers), either in the presence of 0.9 µM MeHg or without MeHg
  • replete but methionine-deplete conditions, cellular Hg levels even raised to ~140%. In
  • contrast, cellular Hg levels were reduced to ~60% of cells kept in standard medium during
  • of MeHg whenever cysteine was present. A lowered GSH/GSSG ratio to ~40% of cells
  • Table 1. Reduction of cell number after MeHg treatment in different cell lines.
  • Endothelial cells human 4.1 24 h ~50% (27)
  • Astrocytes human 15.0 24 h ~30% (29)
  • (~1 nM) to 38.1 µg/L (~177 nM) (30). However, chronic MeHg exposure occurs in vivo
  • cultivated in RPMI-1640 medium (Gibco; 31870074, Carlsbad, CA, USA) containing 5%
  • fetal bovine serum (FBS; PanBiotech; P40-38100, Aidenbach, Germany) and 1% glutamax
  • 37 ◦ C and 5% CO2 . Mycoplasma contamination was tested on a regular basis (MycoAlert;
  • with 0.9 µM (194 µg/L) MeHg was used as a standard concentration in later experiments,
  • with nitric acid (69%; Suprapur; Roth; HN50.3, Karlsruhe, Germany) in a microwave
  • concentrations of the reference material (46.44 ± 0.53 µg/L; n = 2; recovery 105 ± 1%)
  • were within the certified range (Hg: 44.0 µg/L, range: 35.2–52.9 µg/L). The detection
  • limit was 0.016 µg/L (n = 3). All samples were measured in duplicate (RSD < 1%) at
  • (0.0–3.2 µg/L MeHg).
  • was separated by 12.0% SDS-PAGE and transferred onto Odyssey Nitrocellulose Mem-
  • 927-50000, Lincoln, NE, USA). Blots were incubated in TBS containing 0.1% Tween-20

Methods (brief)

  • limit was 0.016 µg/L (n = 3). All samples were measured in duplicate (RSD < 1%) at

Implications

This page makes the source discoverable for category-level evidence routing. Values remain source-native and should be used only with the stated matrix, species, basis, geography, and censoring context from the paper. The page does not convert total mercury to methylmercury or use total arsenic as inorganic arsenic.

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Verification notes

  • Identity check: DOI, raw handle, candidate cite-key, and SHA-256 were compared against existing wiki/sources/ pages before creation.
  • Full-PDF read: pdftotext -layout was run on the full PDF twice; extracted text hashes matched before the page was written.
  • Numeric verification: numeric/table-bearing lines were selected mechanically from the verified extraction and preserved without unit conversion or rounding.
  • Brand firewall: the worker skips PDFs when extracted numeric lines appear brand/manufacturer-sensitive; this page contains category-level or species-level evidence only.
  • HMTc firewall: no threshold, percentile, pass/fail, clean/dirty, or certification math is stated.

Update history

The five most recent substantive edits to this page, classified major (evidence or structure moved), correction (a published value or statement was wrong and has been fixed), or minor (narrative rewritten without changing the underlying evidence). Each description is derived from what the edit did to this page; the linked commit is the authoritative record, routine regeneration passes are excluded, and the full version history lives in git. When DOI minting comes online (see schema docs), each entry below will also link to a version-pinned DataCite DOI.

CommitDateChangeDescription
b01ec52c2026-08-04major2 sections added
d49e450f2026-08-03major5 sections added; narrative text revised