Objective: Public health messages to reduce Hg exposure for pregnant women

Overview

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Key numbers

The worker extracted the full PDF text with layout preservation twice and compared extraction hashes before commit. The following lines are copied from numeric/table-bearing regions of the PDF and retain the source units and wording where legible:

• planning pregnancy or breast-feeding; (ii) appraise the The three international guidelines identified (Table 1)
• website on dietary guidelines(11) was explored country by The nineteen national guidelines (Table 2), which are
• three organisations (Table 1) and national guidelines from conditions, fish species and fish consumption habits
• tralasia, twelve in Europe and three in Asia; Table 2). All the Baltic Sea(24); the USA advises checking state advi-
• Table 1 Recommendations from multinational organisations on fish consumption for pregnant women related to mercury
• lower in Hg but not exceed the tolerable weekly intake of 1·3 µg/kg body weight per week
• Table 2 Recommendations on fish consumption related to mercury in pregnancy in individual countries
• Table 2 Continued 2152
• Table 2 Continued
• yellowfin tuna, which are classified as ‘Good choices’, and 1·6 µg/kg body weight for pregnant women as being
• ‘Best choices’(25); the UK, on the other hand, distinguishes development in the fetus (3·3 µg/kg body weight for
• (Table 2), which usually include ‘traditional’ headings of portions of fish per week is associated with beneficial
• a variety of neurodevelopmental tests have been applied 1 portion oily fish/week; Table 2), women aged 19–64 years
• evidence of associations with prenatal exposure to (NDNS) from 2008 to 2012 ate a mean of 22 g fish/d (about
• or Hg exposure with cognitive outcomes were found in portion/week)(57); mean consumption in pregnant women
• despite adjustment for long-chain n-3 fatty acids (DPA + week) but 12 % ate no fish at all(37); in the Southampton
• However, unlike the other studies described, prenatal Hg week) and 23 % reported not eating any fish(59,60); mean fish
• may not represent Hg exposure in the same way. Other 14 % never ate any fish. In Australia, mean intakes are a little
• neurodevelopment with prenatal fish intake(54). recommended intakes (Table 2).
• than twice the overall median intake of 0·5 times/week. mended levels in pregnancy, there has been very little
• Table 3 Changes in the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA)/Environmental Protection Agency guidelines on fish consumption for
• that are more ‘alarming’ achieve greater change. As an across the US population did fall by 17 %, but n-3 intakes
• illustration of this effect, the US Food and Drug Adminis- also fell by 21 %, providing evidence of an unintended
• of the advisory, which was widely promoted, was a (Table 3). For the 2004 guidance(64), there is some
• Factsheets/Fact%20sheet%20pregnancy%20and%20diet.pdf consumption in pregnancy and neurodevelopmental out-
• mercury exposure and infant weight in the Norwegian nant-womenng%C4%81-kai-totika-m%C4%81-te-wahine-hap
• Mother and Child Cohort Study. Public Health Nutr 17, %C5%AB (accessed October 2017).
• and n-3 fatty acid status in late pregnancy: the Southampton tungumalum/Diet%20and%20pregnancy.pdf (accessed

Methods (brief)

• gether rather than take the risk of harm. There is general maternal and cord blood samples of South African

Implications

This page makes the source discoverable for category-level evidence routing. Values remain source-native and should be used only with the stated matrix, species, basis, geography, and censoring context from the paper. The page does not convert total mercury to methylmercury or use total arsenic as inorganic arsenic.

Wiki pages this source may touch

• Canned seafood (with tin flag)
• Fish — marine, predatory (tuna, swordfish, shark, king mackerel)
• Fish — marine, non-predatory (sardines, anchovies, salmon, cod)
• Shellfish (shrimp, crab, lobster, clams, oysters, mussels)
• Mercury
• Mercury
• Cadmium

Verification notes

• Identity check: DOI, raw handle, candidate cite-key, and SHA-256 were compared against existing wiki/sources/ pages before creation.
• Full-PDF read: pdftotext -layout was run on the full PDF twice; extracted text hashes matched before the page was written.
• Numeric verification: numeric/table-bearing lines were selected mechanically from the verified extraction and preserved without unit conversion or rounding.
• Brand firewall: the worker skips PDFs when extracted numeric lines appear brand/manufacturer-sensitive; this page contains category-level or species-level evidence only.
• HMTc firewall: no threshold, percentile, pass/fail, clean/dirty, or certification math is stated.

Update history

The five most recent substantive edits to this page, classified major (evidence or structure moved), correction (a published value or statement was wrong and has been fixed), or minor (narrative rewritten without changing the underlying evidence). Each description is derived from what the edit did to this page; the linked commit is the authoritative record, routine regeneration passes are excluded, and the full version history lives in git. When DOI minting comes online (see schema docs), each entry below will also link to a version-pinned DataCite DOI.