Lead: citations and reported findings from the source records associated with this metal profile. These records include measurements and context; inclusion does not establish that every source reports a food concentration.
Lead summary, limits and key findings | Next records
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Showing source records 1 to 200 of 1512.
Sources
Source records associated with this topic. Inclusion does not establish that every finding applies to this product or ingredient. References on the metal profile identify works cited in its text. Additional records await source or bibliographic review and are excluded from this list.
| # | Citation | Year | Type | Used on the metal profile for |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Abdulrasheed et al. 2026. Preliminary assessment of toxic metals in cookware, moulding materials and soils from manufacturing sites in southwest Nigeria, with evaluation of cookware leaching potential, BMC Chemistry | 2026 | Peer-reviewed | NG Pb, Cd, Ni, Cr occurrence in Four informally manufactured cookware samples, six moulding materials, and seventeen soil samples from cookware manufacturing sites in Saki,… (n=4) |
| 2 | Albishi et al. 2026. In vitro evaluation of bio-fortification effects on the nutritional quality, toxicological safety, and antioxidant of cassava (Manihot esculenta) flour, and environmental safety of processing water, using natural additives, Frontiers in Nutrition | 2026 | Peer-reviewed | Pb in 13 biofortified cassava flour treatment groups from Nigeria (ICP-MS); control 61–69 µg/kg DW, all below WHO/FAO limits; biofortification treatments reduced Pb concentrations |
| 3 | Albuquerque et al. 2026. More Danger Than Meets the Eye: Potentially Toxic Element Contamination in Fish from the Western Pará Poses Significant Hazards to Local Communities, ACS Omega | 2026 | Peer-reviewed | Pb (with As, Cd, tHg) in 398 fish specimens from 6 species in Amazonian gold/bauxite mining region, Brazil; Pb measured alongside Hg which dominated risk; subsistence consumption THQ >1 |
| 4 | ANSES 2026. Opinion of the French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health & Safety on the results of the Third French Total Diet Study (TDS3) - Acrylamide, aluminium, silver, cadmium, mercury and lead, ANSES Opinion, Request No 2019-SA-0010 | 2026 | Government report | FR Al, Ag, Cd, Pb, tHg, iHg, MeHg occurrence in French TDS3 foods selected from 276 foods across 44 groups, with 718 samples collected in Loiret, Puy-de-Dome, and… (n=718) |
| 5 | Hancco et al. 2026. Determination Of Mercury, Cadmium, And Lead Levels In Canned Tuna And Fish Marketed In Central Lima, Peru, Using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry: Implications For Public Health, International Journal of Advanced Signal and Image Sciences | 2026 | Peer-reviewed | PE tHg, Cd, Pb occurrence in Canned tuna (n=25) and fresh fish market samples (n=10) collected from vendors at the Central Market of Lima,… (n=35) |
| 6 | Armand et al. 2026. Probabilistic carcinogenic and health risk assessment of heavy metals in lettuce and cabbage from Behbahan, Iran, using Monte Carlo simulation, Scientific Reports | 2026 | Peer-reviewed | IR Pb, Cd, Cr, Ni occurrence in Retail lettuce and cabbage from 10 stores in Behbahan, Khuzestan Province, southern Iran; 20 samples per vegetable type,… (n=40) |
| 7 | Office of Parliamentary Counsel, 2026. Customs (Prohibited Imports) Regulations 1956, Compilation No. 147, compilation date 13 July 2026, Federal Register of Legislation | 2026 | Government report | AU Pb, tAs, Sb, Cd, tHg, Cr-total concentrations |
| 8 | Babayo et al. 2026. Contamination Factor, Metal Pollution Index and Estimated Daily Intake of Heavy Metals in Some Selected Energy Drinks in Nigeria, IRE Journals | 2026 | Peer-reviewed | NG Pb, Cd, tAs, Cr, Ni, Co occurrence in Thirty commercially available energy-drink samples purchased from supermarkets, retail stores, and street vendors in Nigeria, comprising 23 liquid… (n=30) |
| 9 | Balzani et al. 2026. Metals and Metalloids Accumulation and Biomagnification in Three Commercially Important Fishes from a Turkish Brackish Lake, Environmental Science and Pollution Research | 2026 | Peer-reviewed | Pb in muscle of 27 grey mullet, seabream, and seabass from Dalyan Lake, Turkey (ICP-MS, n=9/species); Pb low across all species with trophic dilution rather than biomagnification |
| 10 | Begday et al. 2026. Integral assessment of the environmental safety of plant-based milk alternatives based on heavy metal analysis, Izvestiya KGTU (KSTU News) | 2026 | Peer-reviewed | RU Pb, Cd, Zn, Cu occurrence in Eight plant-based milk samples assessed on the Russian market: four commercial ready-to-drink beverages (one each of almond, rice,… (n=8) |
| 11 | bogdan-andreescu 2026. Toward Smart Salivary Diagnostics: A Comprehensive Review of Heavy Metal Biomarkers and Digital Risk Modeling, Diagnostics | 2026 | Peer-reviewed | Contribution to this topic remains under review; see the source record for its reported scope. |
| 12 | Brima et al. 2026. Analysis of essential and toxic elements in tap and bottled water from the UK and its comparison with literature data for drinking water from African countries: implications for human health, African Journal of Agriculture and Food Science | 2026 | Peer-reviewed | GB Cd, Pb, tAs, tHg occurrence in 45 bottled drinking water and 48 tap drinking water samples from Leicester, UK (n=93) |
| 13 | California Department of Cannabis 2026. California Department of Cannabis Control Medicinal and Adult-Use Cannabis Regulations, revised January 1, 2026: heavy metals testing, Medicinal and Adult-Use Cannabis Regulations | 2026 | Government report | US-CA Cd, Pb, tAs, tHg concentrations |
| 14 | Ccopi et al. 2026. Bioaccumulation of heavy metals in high Andean crops of the Peruvian Andes: comparative evaluation between irrigated and dry systems, Journal of Agriculture and Food Research | 2026 | Peer-reviewed | Pb in 7 Andean crop types from Peru’s Mantaro Valley (mining-impacted); potato up to 11 mg/kg and broad bean up to 7 mg/kg — both substantially above Codex 0.3 mg/kg limit |
| 15 | Charfi et al. 2026. Food safety in the production of olive oils. Presence of heavy metals and phthalic acid esters using different types of packaging, Journal of Food Science and Technology | 2026 | Peer-reviewed | ES Pb, Cd, Ni, tAs, Al, Cr occurrence in Commercial Spanish olive oil samples (extra virgin, virgin, olive oil, olive pomace oil) purchased from the Spanish market… (n=18) |
| 16 | Chaura et al. 2026. Nutritional and Biochemical Diversity in Beans Accessions from Three Phaseolus Species Using Multiomics Characterization, ACS Nutrition Science | 2026 | Peer-reviewed | Pb in 46 Phaseolus bean accessions (ICP-MS); one P. vulgaris outlier at 3,311 ppb Pb — exceeding safety thresholds; all other accessions within Codex limits |
| 17 | Chronchol et al. 2026. Trace Element Intake from Dairy-Free Infant Porridges, Nutrients 2026, 18, 333 | 2026 | Peer-reviewed | Pb (with Cd, Hg) in 105 samples of commercial dairy-free infant porridges from Polish market (ICP-AES, wet weight); Pb intake estimates for children 0.5–3 years |
| 18 | Safety 2026. Analysis report: quality monitoring results for baby wet wipes sold online, 中国消费品质量安全促进会, 分析报告, 2 April 2026 | 2026 | Association report | Contribution to this topic remains under review; see the source record for its reported scope. |
| 19 | HealthCare 2026. Knowledge Database: Zinc oxide, European Pharmacopoeia monograph 00252, monograph details and history, EDQM Knowledge Database web pages, accessed and printed 2026-09-25 | 2026 | Government dataset | Contribution to this topic remains under review; see the source record for its reported scope. |
| 20 | Ellison et al. 2026. Integrating experimental data and mechanistic modeling to assess potential lead exposure from tampon use, Toxicological Sciences | 2026 | Peer-reviewed | US Pb occurrence in Menstrual-fluid donors aged 22 to 51 years, plus deterministic simulations of a 4-hour tampon-wear scenario using Pb as… (n=11) |
| 21 | FDA 2026. Analytical Results for Toxic Elements in Infant Formula, FY2023-FY2025 Special Survey, FDA analytical results table | 2026 | Government dataset | Pb (with As, Cd, Hg) measured in 312 infant formula samples (FY2023–FY2025 special survey); prepared-for-feeding basis; covers powder and RTF non-soy and soy-based formulas |
| 22 | Gafner et al. 2026. A scoping review of turmeric adulteration based on data from six continents, Pharmaceutical Biology | 2026 | Peer-reviewed | Systematic review of Pb in turmeric adulteration across 48 publications (2,235 samples, 22 countries); 20% adulteration rate globally; lead chromate as adulterant documented on every inhabited continent |
| 23 | Good et al. 2026. Comparative exposure and risk assessment of heavy metals, nutrients, and organochlorine pesticides in cow and plant-based milks, Scientific Reports | 2026 | Peer-reviewed | US Cr, tAs, Cd, Pb occurrence in Twenty-two commercially available milk products purchased from major grocery retailers in Houston, Texas, USA. Eight milk-type categories: cow… (n=22) |
| 24 | Muhammed et al. 2026. Determination of essential and toxic elements in black teas sold in Turkiye, Turkish Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences | 2026 | Peer-reviewed | TR Al, Pb, tAs, Cd, Mg, Fe, Cu, Zn occurrence in Eight black tea brands sold in Turkiye, analyzed as dry leaves and infusions |
| 25 | Hamza et al. 2026. Analysis of Heavy Metals and Health Risk Assessment of Selected Energy Drinks in Nigeria, International Journal of Science, Engineering and Technology | 2026 | Peer-reviewed | NG Pb, Cd, tAs, Cr, Ni, Co occurrence in Thirty energy drinks (23 liquid and 7 powdered) randomly purchased from local markets in Nigeria. Samples are labelled… (n=30) |
| 26 | Handal 2026. A Comparative Review of Non-Essential Metal Exposures in, Peer-reviewed article | 2026 | Peer-reviewed | Contribution to this topic remains under review; see the source record for its reported scope. |
| 27 | Hasanuzzaman et al. 2026. to confer tolerance against arsenic toxicity, Peer-reviewed article | 2026 | Peer-reviewed | Contribution to this topic remains under review; see the source record for its reported scope. |
| 28 | Hernández-Montoya et al. 2026. Heavy Metal Contamination in Foods: Advances in Detection Technologies, Regulatory Challenges, Health Risks, and Implications for Sustainable Food Safety, Sustainability | 2026 | Peer-reviewed | codex/EU/US Pb, Cd, tAs, tHg, MeHg, Ni occurrence in Scoping review of 121 peer-reviewed studies (Scopus, Web of Science, ScienceDirect, SpringerLink, Wiley Online Library, Google Scholar; published… |
| 29 | Hossen et al. 2026. Assessment of heavy metal levels and associated health risks linked to vegetables grown in Noakhali region of Bangladesh, Environmental Health Insights | 2026 | Peer-reviewed | BD tAs, Pb, Cd, Cr, Fe, Cu occurrence in Fifty-four samples from nine integrated farms in Noakhali, Bangladesh: nine vegetable samples and nine corresponding soil samples, each… (n=54) |
| 30 | Food Safety and Standards 2026. Food Safety and Standards (Contaminants, Toxins and Residues) Amendment Regulations, 2026, Gazette of India, Extraordinary, Part III, Section 4, No. 327; CG-DL-E-25052026-272840 | 2026 | Government report | IN Pb, Cd, iAs, tAs concentrations |
| 31 | Ioniță et al. 2026. Molecular and Cellular Mechanisms of Plant Responses to Heavy Metal Stress in Mining-Impacted Environments, Plants | 2026 | Peer-reviewed | Cd, Pb, tAs, Ni, Cr, Cr-VI occurrence in Narrative synthesis review; no primary measurements. |
| 32 | Jaiswal et al. 2026. A review of metal(loid) contamination in breast milk: from environmental exposure to infants’ perils, Environmental Monitoring and Contaminants Research | 2026 | Review | Global tAs, Cd, Cr, Pb, tHg, MeHg occurrence in Narrative review of published studies reporting quantitative As, Cd, Cr, Pb, and Hg concentrations in human breast milk… |
| 33 | Ji et al. 2026. Assessing spatial variability and source identification of heavy metals in agricultural soils: A geostatistical and multivariate analysis of coastal eastern Zhejiang, China, PLOS ONE | 2026 | Peer-reviewed | Pb in 877 agricultural soil samples from coastal eastern Zhejiang, China; mean 35 mg/kg, hotspot max 11.7× background; dominant anthropogenic source with high spatial variability (CV 83%) |
| 34 | Kananke et al. 2026. Bioaccessibility of Heavy Metals in Raw and Processed Alternanthera sessilis and Centella asiatica: An In vitro Study, Nature Environment and Pollution Technology25(1):D1830 | 2026 | Peer-reviewed | LK Ni, Cd, Cr, Pb, Cu occurrence in 40samples of each of two species,8per species at each of5WesternProvince cultivation areas; collection year not specified. (n=80) |
| 35 | Katrynska et al. 2026. Human Milk as a Biomonitor of Toxic Metal Exposure: Sources, Transfer Mechanisms, and Implications for Infant Health — A Review, Nutrients | 2026 | Review | Pb, Cd, tHg, tAs, Cr, Al occurrence in Structured narrative review with systematic search; 112 studies included from PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science (2010–2025), globally distributed |
| 36 | Kim et al. 2026. Combined exposure to lead, methylmercury, and cadmium impairs spatial memory and dopaminergic signaling in mouse hippocampus, Frontiers in Public Health | 2026 | Peer-reviewed | Pb neurotoxicity mechanism: mixed Pb/MeHg/Cd exposure in mice causes synergistic spatial memory deficits and hippocampal dopaminergic pathway downregulation greater than single-metal groups |
| 37 | Kuang et al. 2026. Paddycrusts: interfacial bioregulators of heavy metal transport, Peer-reviewed article | 2026 | Peer-reviewed | Contribution to this topic remains under review; see the source record for its reported scope. |
| 38 | Largueza et al. 2026. Essential and Potentially Toxic Elements in Commercial Milk Formulas: Health Risk Assessment Through a Systematic Review and Meta-analysis, Biological Trace Element Research | 2026 | Peer-reviewed | BR/EU/US Al, iAs, tAs, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, MeHg, Mn, Ni, Pb, U, Zn occurrence in Systematic review with meta-analysis of 30 observational studies (PRISMA, OSF.IO/2YNKB registered), 18 with pooled meta-analysis data, covering three… (n=30) |
| 39 | Lawluvi et al. 2026. Maternal geophagy in Ghana: heavy metal exposure and health risks during pregnancy, Frontiers in Public Health | 2026 | Peer-reviewed | Pb in geophagic clays consumed by pregnant women in Ghana; Pb concentrations exceed international safety values with bioaccessibility elevated under gastric conditions; fetal transplacental transfer risk |
| 40 | Li et al. 2026. Heavy metal concentrations in Chinese chicken eggs: insights from comparative study of urban and mining areas, PeerJ | 2026 | Peer-reviewed | CN Cr, tAs, Cd, Pb, Ni occurrence in 70 free-range eggs from 4 non-mining cities and 3 mining areas (Wuchuan mercury mine, Danzhai mercury mine, Emin… (n=90) |
| 41 | Liu et al. 2026. Heavy metal exposure and risk of all-cause and, Peer-reviewed article | 2026 | Peer-reviewed | Contribution to this topic remains under review; see the source record for its reported scope. |
| 42 | Mahmood et al. 2026. Application of Nanomaterials for the Removal of Toxic Elements from Water, Spectrum of Engineering Sciences | 2026 | Narrative review | Pb, Cd, tAs, Cr, tHg occurrence in Narrative review of nanomaterials for water treatment; no original sampled population or experimental batch |
| 43 | manuscript et al. 2026. Rev Environ Contam Toxicol. Author manuscript; available in PMC 2026 June 06., Peer-reviewed article | 2026 | Peer-reviewed | Contribution to this topic remains under review; see the source record for its reported scope. |
| 44 | Marcelino et al. 2026. Monitoring trace minerals and heavy metals in liver of free-living large herbivores in the Netherlands, Frontiers in Veterinary Science | 2026 | Peer-reviewed | Pb in liver of 346 Heck cattle, red deer, and Konik horses at Oostvaardersplassen, Netherlands (ICP-MS, 2003–2023); species-specific reference intervals and 20-year temporal trends in hepatic Pb |
| 45 | Mgbemena et al. 2026. Nutrient exploration and heavy metal risk assessment of baby milk and infant formulae sold within Umuahia metropolis, Nigeria, Scientific Reports 16: 13751 | 2026 | Peer-reviewed | NG Pb, Cd, Ni, Cr occurrence in 8 Baby Milk (milk-based) and 12 Infant Formulae (cereal-based) purchased from Shopright and local groceries in Umuahia, Abia… (n=20) |
| 46 | Montejo-Custodio et al. 2026. Geochemical-hydrological assessment of municipal solid waste disposal site to identify environmental risk areas, Tropical and Subtropical Agroecosystems | 2026 | Peer-reviewed | MX V, Ba, Ni, Pb, Cr, Cd, Fe, Cu, Mn, Zn occurrence in Thirteen soil samples from a Reforma de Pineda, Oaxaca municipal solid-waste landfill and adjacent mango cultivation plot, plus… (n=16) |
| 47 | Bhanu et al. 2026. Seasonal Fluctuation of Heavy Metals in Water & Fish Tissues, Transformative Education: A Multidisciplinary Journal (TEMJ) | 2026 | Review | Pb, Cd, tHg, Ni, Cr, tAs occurrence in Theoretical review; no original measurements |
| 48 | Nasirpour et al. 2026. The changes of heavy metals and some necessary elements in leaf, fruit and soil on apple cultivar golden delicious by applying urban treated wastewater, BMC Plant Biology | 2026 | Peer-reviewed | IR As, Ni, Cr, Pb occurrence in Apple (Golden Delicious) irrigated with urban treated wastewater vs. clean water controls; field experiment 2021-2023, Iran |
| 49 | Nencioni et al. 2026. In Vitro Analysis of Heavy Metal Adsorption by Zeolite Skin Care Formulations Using a Quality by Design Approach, Materials 19: 685 | 2026 | Peer-reviewed | Cd, Co, Cr, Pb, Ni occurrence in Twelve Franz diffusion cells using a single prototype zeolite-containing cream (3 g zeolite per 100 g cream; 17.3%… (n=12) |
| 50 | New Zealand Environmental Protection 2026. Cosmetic Products Group Standard 2020 HSR002552, consolidated 1 January 2026, New Zealand EPA Cosmetic Products Group Standard 2020 | 2026 | Government report | NZ tAs, Pb, tHg concentrations |
| 51 | Health 2026. 35 Sunscreens Tested: No Benzene Detected, Lead Found in All 35. Sunscreen Contaminant Screening: Residual Solvents and Heavy Metals, Oasis Science Testing Program, oasishealth.app, findings report, Order No. 594282, last updated September 2026 | 2026 | Industry | Contribution to this topic remains under review; see the source record for its reported scope. |
| 52 | Occurrence et al. 2026. Heavy Metals in Infant Formula:, Peer-reviewed article | 2026 | Peer-reviewed | Contribution to this topic remains under review; see the source record for its reported scope. |
| 53 | Okeke et al. 2026. Accumulation of Chromium, Lead and Arsenic in Calcium Carbide Induced Ripened Fruits and Their Possible Human Health Risks in Bauchi, Nigeria, International Journal of Research and Scientific Innovation | 2026 | Peer-reviewed | NG Cr, Pb, tAs occurrence in Naturally ripened and calcium-carbide-ripened banana, pineapple, and orange purchased from local markets in Bauchi Metropolis, Nigeria; pulverized fruit… (n=6) |
| 54 | Olivas-Martinez et al. 2026. Association of exposure to synthetic phenols and metal(loid)s with early puberty in Spanish girls: a multicentric case–control study, European Journal of Pediatrics 185:295 | 2026 | Peer-reviewed | ES tAs, Cd, Cu, tHg, Mn, Ni, Pb, Zn occurrence in Girls aged 4–8 years recruited in six Spanish hospitals during 2018–2022: 182 early-puberty cases and 128 controls; metal… (n=310) |
| 55 | Olowoyo et al. 2026. Heavy Metals Burden in Drinking Water: Global Patterns, Sources, and Public Health Implications, Water 18(8): 886 | 2026 | Review | global Pb, Cd, tAs, tHg, Ni, Cr, Al occurrence in Systematic review of peer-reviewed studies published 2015–2024 on heavy metals in four water source types globally |
| 56 | Ou et al. 2026. Meta-analysis of maternal exposure to heavy, Peer-reviewed article | 2026 | Peer-reviewed | Contribution to this topic remains under review; see the source record for its reported scope. |
| 57 | Pane et al. 2026. Probiotic detoxification of heavy metals: functional assessment in simulated intestinal and ex vivo models, Frontiers in Microbiology | 2026 | Peer-reviewed | IT/BE/NL Cd, Cr, tHg, Pb occurrence in Bioremediation study evaluating three single-strain probiotic lactobacilli (Lactiplantibacillus plantarum LP14 / DSM 33401; Lactobacillus acidophilus LA12 / LMG… |
| 58 | Paul et al. 2026. Health risk assessment of carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic heavy metal exposure from commercial instant noodles in Bangladesh, ChemRxiv preprint | 2026 | Preprint | Contribution to this topic remains under review; see the source record for its reported scope. |
| 59 | Paulo et al. 2026. cadmium-induced colorectal, Peer-reviewed article | 2026 | Peer-reviewed | Contribution to this topic remains under review; see the source record for its reported scope. |
| 60 | Porwollik et al. 2026. The quality and safety of Rhodiola rosea supplements on the U.S. market: An analysis of biomarkers, heavy metals, and pesticide residues, PLoS One | 2026 | Peer-reviewed | Pb in 10 Rhodiola rosea supplements from the U.S. market (ICP-MS); detectable Pb in all 7 capsular products; first peer-reviewed U.S. market survey of this botanical supplement |
| 61 | Potortì et al. 2026. Chemical Composition and Nutritional Quality of Commercial Tahini, Applied Sciences | 2026 | Peer-reviewed | IT/TR/IL Pb, Cd, tAs, tHg, Ni occurrence in Seven commercial tahini brands purchased online for Italian market in 2025, from Turkey (T-1), Israel (T-2), Germany (T-3),… (n=7) |
| 62 | European Food Safety Authority 2026. Statement on the findings presented in the Toxicological, Peer-reviewed article | 2026 | Peer-reviewed | Contribution to this topic remains under review; see the source record for its reported scope. |
| 63 | Rahati et al. 2026. Monte Carlo simulation approach for health risk analysis of heavy metals’ contamination in infant formula and food on the Iranian market, Journal of Health, Population and Nutrition 45:13 | 2026 | Peer-reviewed | IR Pb, Cd, tHg, Al, Cr occurrence in 80 infant formula samples (0–6 months, 6–12 months, above 1 year) from 8 commercial brands, and 27 baby… (n=107) |
| 64 | Rodríguez-Rodríguez et al. 2026. Trace Element Content in Tomato Fruit Grown with Sargassum-Based Biofertilizer, Agronomy | 2026 | Peer-reviewed | Pb (with As, Cd, Ni, Cr) in tomato fruit from Sargassum biofertilizer greenhouse trials, Spain; all five metals below LOQ in fruit despite detectable levels in the biofertilizer and soil |
| 65 | Rubin 2026. Consumer-advocacy comparison chart of lead, cadmium, mercury and arsenic in eleven diaper creams (updated January 2026), Lead Safe Mama, LLC (tamararubin.com), posted 21 September 2025, updated 18 January 2026; chart image dated 17 January 2026 | 2026 | Consumer advocacy testing | Contribution to this topic remains under review; see the source record for its reported scope. |
| 66 | Rubin et al. 2026. Chart Comparing the Toxicant Profiles of Popular Sunscreen Products, tamararubin.com (Lead Safe Mama, LLC), posted 28 May 2026; chart Draft 2.1 updated 19 April 2026 | 2026 | NGO report | Contribution to this topic remains under review; see the source record for its reported scope. |
| 67 | Rusko et al. 2026. Risk-Benefit Assessment of Mercury, Lead, Cadmium, and Arsenic in Inland Fish from Latvian Lakes, Foods | 2026 | Peer-reviewed | Pb in 460 inland fish samples from 5 Latvian lakes (7 species); Pb reported as below LOQ in all samples — a significant non-detection finding for European freshwater fish |
| 68 | Rüstemli et al. 2026. Mineral and heavy metal content in canned tuna: Implications for veterinary public health and consumer safety, Veterinary Research Communications | 2026 | Peer-reviewed | TR Mg, Al, Cr, Mn, Fe, Cu, Zn, Co, Ni, tAs, Sn, Ba, tHg, Pb occurrence in 105 canned tuna samples (35 water-packed, 35 oil-packed, 35 sauce-packed) from seven domestic Turkish brands, collected in Van… (n=105) |
| 69 | Seifi 2026. Investigation of the concentration of chemical compounds in toys, Environmental Health and Pollution Research, 2026, 1(1), 43-48 | 2026 | Peer-reviewed | IR/EU Pb, Cd, tHg, tAs, Cr occurrence in 120 children’s toys marketed for ages 0–12 years, collected by stratified random sampling between January 2024 and June… (n=120) |
| 70 | Singapore Food Agency 2026. Food Regulations: regulation 31 heavy metals, arsenic and lead, Singapore Statutes Online | 2026 | Government report | SG tAs, iAs, Pb, tHg, Sn, Cd, Sb concentrations |
| 71 | Shar et al. 2026. Environmental Assessment of Heavy Metal Uptake and Accumulation in Sunflower Seeds, Planta Animalia 5(2):191-197 | 2026 | Peer-reviewed | PK Pb, Cd, Cr, Cu, Zn occurrence in 36 composite sunflower seed samples from different ecological zones of Sindh, Pakistan (n=36) |
| 72 | Sharafi et al. 2026. Soil–water–crop pathways of heavy metal contamination and human health risks in intensive smallholder farms of the Nahavand Plain, Iran, Scientific Reports 16:9947 | 2026 | Peer-reviewed | IR Cd, Pb, tHg, Cr, Ni, Cu, Zn occurrence in 150 Nahavand Plain farms: soil composites, whole above-ground crop biomass and irrigation water; November 2024 (n=150) |
| 73 | Sources et al. 2026. Heavy Metals in Air, Soil and, Peer-reviewed article | 2026 | Peer-reviewed | Contribution to this topic remains under review; see the source record for its reported scope. |
| 74 | Sule et al. 2026. Assessment of Carcinogenic and Non-carcinogenic Health Risks of Metals in the Drinking Water of Gombe Local Government Area, Nigeria, Bima Journal of Science and Technology | 2026 | Peer-reviewed | NG Pb, Cd, Cr, Mn, Fe, Cu occurrence in Drinking-water samples from Gombe LGA, Nigeria: tap water (n=10), wells (n=5), water vendors (n=11), harvested rainwater (n=7), sachet-water… (n=87) |
| 75 | Sund et al. 2026. Pulsed electric field processing as an alternative to warm water treatment for the reduction of potentially toxic elements in Saccharina latissima, Journal of Applied Phycology | 2026 | Peer-reviewed | NO tAs, Cd, Pb, tHg occurrence in Unprocessed, pulsed-electric-field processed, and warm-water-treated Saccharina latissima samples, n=3 per treatment (n=15) |
| 76 | Swiss Federal Department of 2026. Swiss VHK 817.022.15 consolidated 25 February 2026: metal and metalloid maximum levels, Kontaminantenverordnung (VHK), SR 817.022.15 | 2026 | Government report | CH iAs, tAs, Pb, Cd, Cr-total, Ni, tHg, Sn concentrations |
| 77 | Szymczykowska et al. 2026. Elemental Composition of Japanese Matcha Powder and Infusions—Potential Role as a Functional Food in Metabolic Health, Beverages | 2026 | Peer-reviewed | JP/PL Pb, Cr, Ni occurrence in Two Japanese organic matcha types (daily matcha and traditional matcha) from Uji region, Kyoto, Japan; two batches each,… (n=2) |
| 78 | Elhassan et al. 2026. Heavy metals in commercial tea brands in Saudi Arabia, Scientific Reports | 2026 | Peer-reviewed | SA Al, Mn, Pb, Cd, tAs occurrence in Twenty commercial tea samples imported into Saudi Arabia |
| 79 | Teferi et al. 2026. Assessment of Heavy Metal Contamination and Associated Health Risks in Honey from Kellem Wollega Zone, Ethiopia, Toxics | 2026 | Peer-reviewed | ET Pb, Cd, Ni, Cu, Fe, Mn, Zn occurrence in Composite honey samples from three districts of Kellem Wollega Zone, western Ethiopia (Dambi Dollo, Gawo Kebe, Anafilo); each… (n=3) |
| 80 | University of Calgary Clinical 2026. Clinical Pharmacology & Toxicology Pearl of the Week — Unauthorized Injectable Peptides, CPT Pearl of the Week (Alberta Health Services / University of Calgary Cumming School of Medicine) | 2026 | Government report | CA tAs, Pb occurrence in Clinical bulletin from the Alberta Health Services Clinical Pharmacology & Toxicology service summarizing four case reports of unauthorized… |
| 81 | WHO 2026. WHO GEMS/Food contaminants database (Global Environment Monitoring System — Food Contamination Monitoring and Assessment Programme), WHO GEMS/Food | 2026 | Agency database | global Pb, Cd, tHg, iAs, tAs, Al, Cr, Ni, Sn concentrations |
| 82 | WHO 2026. GEMS/Food Contaminants database heavy-metal exports, GEMS/Food Contamination Monitoring and Assessment Programme | 2026 | Government dataset | WHO global Pb occurrence dataset across 193 food/contaminant export files and 14,027 food group summaries; broadest multi-matrix Pb surveillance source in the corpus |
| 83 | Yaghi et al. 2026. Evaluated Daily Intake and Health Risk Assessment of Some Toxic Heavy Metals in Baby Powder for Various Brands Marketed in Benghazi, Libya, Libyan Journal of Public Health Practices 2(2):27-46. Issue dated December 2025 on the PDF; Crossref publication date 2026-01-25. | 2026 | Peer-reviewed | Contribution to this topic remains under review; see the source record for its reported scope. |
| 84 | Yoplac-Navarro et al. 2026. Ecological and Human Health Risk Assessment of Metals in Peruvian Avocados Using a Probabilistic Approach, Foods 15(1): 82 | 2026 | Peer-reviewed | PE/EU tAs, Cd, Cr, tHg, Ni, Pb occurrence in Soil and avocado fruit samples from 8 major Peruvian producing regions (Amazonas, Áncash, Ayacucho, Cusco, Huancavelica, Ica, La… (n=190) |
| 85 | Yorgwara et al. 2026. Assessment of Heavy Metal Concentration in Some Selected Cosmetic Products and Human Health Risk in Eleme LGA, Rivers State, Nigeria, Research Journal of Pure Science and Technology 9(2):20-37 | 2026 | Peer-reviewed | NG Pb, Cd, Cr, tAs, tHg, Co occurrence in Twenty-six cosmetic and personal-care products purchased from cosmetic stores and markets in Eleme LGA, Rivers State, Nigeria, grouped… (n=26) |
| 86 | Zeng et al. 2026. properties of heavy metal, Peer-reviewed article | 2026 | Peer-reviewed | Contribution to this topic remains under review; see the source record for its reported scope. |
| 87 | Zhang et al. 2026. Trace metal pollution and ecological effects on five crops around a typical manganese mining area in Chongqing, China, Scientific Reports | 2026 | Peer-reviewed | Pb in 5 crops (rice, maize, peanut, soybean, sweet potato) near a manganese mine in Chongqing; Pb concentrations by crop type; supply-chain evidence that mining proximity elevates crop Pb |
| 88 | Zuhlke et al. 2026. Lead in Drinking Water Kiosks: Elevated Exposure Risks and a Case Study of XRF Lead Screening, Environmental Science & Technology | 2026 | Peer-reviewed | Pb in 20 public drinking water kiosks across US locations; 75% exceeded 0.05 µg/L, 25% exceeded 1 µg/L; XRF screening identifies lead-containing plumbing as exposure pathway |
| 89 | Abedi et al. 2025. Comparison Between Emerging and Conventional Methods for Edible Oils Bleaching, Food Science & Nutrition | 2025 | Peer-reviewed | Pb, Cd, Ni, Cr, Co, Al, Cu, Fe occurrence in Narrative review of published literature on industrial and emerging bleaching technologies for edible vegetable oils. No primary measurements;… |
| 90 | Abeslami et al. 2025. Mineral Profile and Heavy Metal Content of Seven Monofloral and Multifloral Honeys from Eastern Morocco, Molecules | 2025 | Peer-reviewed | Pb in 7 honey types from eastern Morocco (ICP-MS); Pb 0.13–0.19 mg/kg across botanical origins, all within regulatory limits; botanical origin significantly influenced Pb levels |
| 91 | Abubakar et al. 2025. Effects of sewage water irrigation on heavy metals accumulation in vegetables in peri-urban areas of Faisalabad, Pakistan, Agricultural Research Reports 3(1):46–57 | 2025 | Peer-reviewed | PK Cd, Co, Pb, Cr, tHg, Cu, Ni occurrence in Three representative plants per sampled crop/site; spinach at Ghulam Muhammad Abad and cauliflower at Chokera, Faisalabad |
| 92 | (≥/) et al. 2025. Received: 31 March 2025 and chemometric profiles of pestils were evaluated. The beetroot-based snack formulated, Peer-reviewed article | 2025 | Peer-reviewed | Contribution to this topic remains under review; see the source record for its reported scope. |
| 93 | Adaileh et al. 2025. Development of Cu-ZnO ZrO2 based polyacrylonitrile polymer composites for removing pharmaceutical pollutants and heavy metals from wastewater, Scientific Reports | 2025 | Peer-reviewed | JO/SA/EG Pb, Cd occurrence in Pb(II), Cd(II), sulfamethoxazole, and ibuprofen solutions treated with Cu-ZnO/ZrO2 polyacrylonitrile polymer composite. (n=Batch visible-light adsorption/photocatalysis tests across pH, dose, contact time, concentration, isotherm, kinetic, and five-cycle reuse conditions.) |
| 94 | Aisyiah et al. 2025. Heavy Metal Content in Breast Milk and Contributing Environmental and Maternal Factors: A Systematic Review, Jurnal Bidan Cerdas | 2025 | Review | TW/ES/PL Pb, Cd, tHg, tAs, Al, Cr occurrence in Systematic review of 9 primary studies (2013–2023) on heavy metals in human breast milk; populations from Taiwan, Spain,… |
| 95 | Saghir et al. 2025. Soil variability effect on the indices of potentially toxic elements pollution under the coffee (Coffea arabica)-enset (Ensete ventricosum) agroforestry systems of Southern Ethiopia, Discover Applied Sciences | 2025 | Peer-reviewed | ET tAs, Pb, Zn, Cu, Mn, Ba, Sr, Ti occurrence in Forty-six 0-20 cm surface soil composite samples from Cambisols, Luvisols, and Nitisols in coffee-enset agroforestry systems of the… (n=46) |
| 96 | Akkaya et al. 2025. Determination of Heavy Metal Levels and Assessment of L. monocytogenes and Salmonella spp. Presence in Fishery Products and Mussels from the Marmara Region, Türkiye, Toxics | 2025 | Peer-reviewed | TR Pb, Cd, tHg, tAs, Cu occurrence in Fishery products and mussels collected from provinces in the Marmara region of Türkiye between March 2020 and November… (n=625) |
| 97 | Alatise et al. 2025. Assessment of natural radioactivity and heavy metal accumulation in selected edible fruit nuts from Lagos and Ogun State markets, Nigeria, Nigerian Journal of Theoretical and Environmental Physics | 2025 | Peer-reviewed | NG Pb, Cd, Cr, Ni, tAs, tHg occurrence in peanuts, cashew nuts, walnuts, date nuts, tiger nuts, and kola nuts from Lagos and Ogun State markets (n=six nut types) |
| 98 | Alblooshi 2025. The impact of perfumes and cosmetic products on human health: a narrative review, Frontiers in Toxicology 7:1646075 (Frontiers in Toxicology; published 29 August 2025; corrected 16 December 2025) | 2025 | Review | US/EU/CA Pb, Cd, tHg, tAs, Ni, Cr, Cr-VI occurrence in Single-author narrative review compiling peer-reviewed literature published 2005–2025 on health impacts of perfumes and cosmetic products. Sources drawn… |
| 99 | Alsabagh 2025. Assessment of heavy metal and nitrate contamination in canned products from local markets in Baghdad, Alnakhla Journal of Science | 2025 | Peer-reviewed | IQ Pb, Cd, Co, Mn, Fe, Zn, Cu occurrence in Canned products from local markets in Baghdad, Iraq |
| 100 | Altalib et al. 2025. Estimation of heavy metal concentrations in imported frozen meat sold in the Libyan market, Mediterranean Journal of Medical Research | 2025 | Peer-reviewed | LY Pb, Cd, Cr occurrence in Imported frozen meat (chicken, beef, lamb, processed products) from Tripoli commercial markets; origins: Brazil, USA, Jordan, Spain, Australia;… (n=30) |
| 101 | Anastario et al. 2025. Metal profiling of Hass avocados: a cross-sectional study using ICP-MS and pXRF, BMC Research Notes | 2025 | Peer-reviewed | US/MX Pb, Cd, tAs, tHg, Ni, Al occurrence in Commercial Hass avocados stratified by country of origin (California USA, Michoacán Mexico) and agricultural practice (organic, conventional); purchased… (n=24) |
| 102 | Asadi et al. 2025. Health risk assessment of potentially toxic elements in bread from Iranian markets using Monte Carlo simulation, Scientific Reports | 2025 | Peer-reviewed | IR Pb, Cd, tHg, Al, Cr, Ni, Cu, Fe, Zn, Co occurrence in 248 bread samples collected from 11 Iranian provinces during winter 2020; four traditional bread types: lavash (n=69), taftoon… (n=248) |
| 103 | Asadi et al. 2025. Human health risk assessment of arsenic and potentially toxic elements exposure in bread and wheat flour in Northeast Iran, PLoS ONE 20(7): e0327652 | 2025 | Peer-reviewed | Pb in 270 bread/flour/dough samples from 90 Mashhad bakeries; Pb below detection limits in all samples — As dominated risk; relevant as non-detection reference for wheat/bread matrix |
| 104 | Asmoay et al. 2025. Geochemical characterization and health risk assessment of groundwater in Wadi Ranyah, Saudi Arabia, using statistical and GIS-based models, Applied Water Science | 2025 | Peer-reviewed | Pb in 77 groundwater samples from Wadi Ranyah, Saudi Arabia; geochemical source apportionment and health risk assessment for Pb alongside As, Cd, Cr, Ni in drinking water |
| 105 | Babeker et al. 2025. Assessment of Heavy Metals Concentration and Microbial Profile in Sudanese Carbonated Soft Drinks and Beverages, SSRG International Journal of Applied Chemistry, 12(2): 18-22 | 2025 | Peer-reviewed | SD Pb, Cd, Fe, Cu, Cr occurrence in Twenty Sudanese-bottled non-alcoholic beverages collected in triplicate from the production factories in Khartoum: eleven carbonated soft drinks from… (n=20) |
| 106 | Bahrouna et al. 2025. Evaluation of Heavy Metals Contents in Spices Available on Zawia City`s Markets, University of Zawia Journal of Natural Sciences | 2025 | Peer-reviewed | LY Pb, Cd, tAs, Hg, Mn, Ni, Cu, Zn, Fe, Co, Cr occurrence in Thirteen mixed spice and seasoning samples purchased from local markets and spice shops in Zawia City, Libya, during… (n=13) |
| 107 | SMPP et al. 2025. Formulation of Standardized Herbal Tea from Whole Flowers, Stamens and Immature Fruits of Bael (Aegle marmelos (L.) Corrêa), World Journal of Agricultural Research | 2025 | Peer-reviewed | LK Al, Cr, Mn, Ni, Pb, tAs, Cd, tHg, Ba occurrence in Prepared herbal teas from dried whole flowers, stamens, and immature fruits of bael (Aegle marmelos) sourced in Sri… (n=3) |
| 108 | Barber et al. 2025. Toxic elements in baby and young children’s foods in the US and correlation to ingredients, Food Additives & Contaminants: Part B | 2025 | Peer-reviewed | US tAs, iAs, Cd, tHg, MeHg, Pb, Tl occurrence in Non-targeted 2023 FDA convenience survey of 566 foods intended for babies, young children, pregnant women, and nursing mothers:… (n=566) |
| 109 | Bashir et al. 2025. Heavy metal in cosmetics and its risk to future generation in remote area of Azad Jammu and Kashmir Trarkhel District Sudhnoti, Scientific Reports 15: 43847 | 2025 | Peer-reviewed | PK Pb, Cd, Cu, Co, Ag, Ni, Zn, tAs, Mn, tHg occurrence in 30 cosmetic products purchased from local markets in Trarkhel, District Sudhnoti, Azad Jammu and Kashmir (AJ&K), Pakistan, 2023:… (n=30) |
| 110 | Yewbmirt et al. 2025. Analysis of Nigella sativa L. (Black Cumin) seeds for levels of heavy metals using FAAS: geospatial profiling and regional safety implications, Discover Chemistry | 2025 | Peer-reviewed | ET Pb, Cd, Fe, Cu, Zn occurrence in 81 Nigella sativa L. black cumin seed samples from Dejen, Gozamen, and Sinan districts of East Gojjam, Ethiopia;… (n=81) |
| 111 | Chahinez et al. 2025. Evaluation of trace element contents in canned tomato paste and canned pineapple marketed in Algeria, Research Square preprint | 2025 | Preprint | DZ Fe, Zn, Cu, Cd, Pb occurrence in Canned tomato paste and canned pineapple marketed in Algiers, Algeria (n=52) |
| 112 | Bozkurt et al. 2025. Portable Voltammetric Lead Sensor (Electronic Tongue) for Drinking Water Monitoring | 2025 | Peer-reviewed | Portable voltammetric sensor development for Pb detection in drinking water; method development only, no food occurrence data |
| 113 | Brima et al. 2025. Assessment of Human Health Risk Based on Analysis of Potentially Toxic Elements in African Foods Sold in the UK Market, African Journal of Agriculture and Food Science | 2025 | Peer-reviewed | GB tAs, Cd, tHg, Pb occurrence in African foods and non-food additives sold in the UK market and consumed by African communities (n=152) |
| 114 | RdL et al. 2025. Assessment of Essential Elements and Potentially Toxic Elements (PTEs) in Organic and Conventional Flaxseeds: Implications for Dietary Exposure and Food Safety, Applied Sciences | 2025 | Peer-reviewed | EU/PL/ES Cd, Pb, Al, Ni, Cr occurrence in Commercial flaxseed samples (37 conventional, 15 organic) obtained in the EU and other European countries from supermarkets, herbalists,… (n=52) |
| 115 | Bugarin et al. 2025. Integration of Emerging and Conventional Technologies for Obtaining By-Products from Cocoa Pod Husk and Their Application, Processes | 2025 | Peer-reviewed | Cd, Pb, tHg occurrence in Narrative review of published literature on conventional and emerging valorization technologies for cocoa pod husk (CPH). No primary… |
| 116 | Bui et al. 2025. Chemometric Fingerprinting of Vietnamese Instant Noodle Brands via ICP-MS and Principal Component Analysis, Journal of Food Processing and Preservation | 2025 | Peer-reviewed | Contribution to this topic remains under review; see the source record for its reported scope. |
| 117 | Cammilleri et al. 2025. Toxic metals and metalloids in collagen supplements of fish and jellyfish origin: Risk assessment for daily intake, Open Medicine | 2025 | Peer-reviewed | IT tAs, Pb, Cd, tHg occurrence in 120 marine (fish-origin) collagen supplement samples drawn from 65 brands purchased on e-commerce platforms and large-scale retail in… (n=120) |
| 118 | CFIA 2025. Toxic metals in selected foods – April 1, 2022 to March 31, 2023: Food chemistry – Targeted surveys – Final report, Canadian Food Inspection Agency | 2025 | Government report | Pb in 470 Canadian retail samples across duck eggs, juices, dried mushrooms, spices, syrups, sweets, vinegar; Pb not detected in any juice/nectar sample; dried mushrooms highest across all metals |
| 119 | US Food and Drug 2025. 21 CFR 73.1550 Talc (color additive exempt from certification, for drugs), Code of Federal Regulations, Title 21, Volume 1, 2025 annual edition (CFR-2025-title21-vol1-sec73-1550), p. 509. Section history: 42 FR 15643, Mar. 22, 1977, as amended at 49 FR 10089, Mar. 19, 1984. | 2025 | Government report | Contribution to this topic remains under review; see the source record for its reported scope. |
| 120 | Chen et al. 2025. Probabilistic assessment of the cumulative risk from dietary heavy metal exposure in Chongqing, China using a hazard-driven approach, Scientific Reports 15:2229 | 2025 | Peer-reviewed | CN/EU Pb, Cd, iAs, MeHg occurrence in 969 participants from China Health and Nutrition Survey 2018, Chongqing Municipality: 31 preschoolers (3-6 yr), 113 adolescents (7-17… (n=969) |
| 121 | Chengappa et al. 2025. Analysis of copper, zinc, arsenic, and lead content of over-the-counter toothpastes from india: an invitro study, Scientific Reports 15:26535 | 2025 | Peer-reviewed | IN tAs, Pb, Cu, Zn occurrence in 20 over-the-counter toothpastes selected as the most-popular listings on Amazon, Flipkart, and Myntra Indian e-commerce platforms by customer… (n=20) |
| 122 | Chengappa et al. 2025. Heavy metal content of over-the-counter toothpastes—a systematic review of in vitro studies, Frontiers in Dental Medicine 6:1543972 | 2025 | Peer-reviewed | NG/SA/BD Pb, Cd, tAs, tHg, Ni, Cr, Cu, Zn, Fe, Co, Ag, Al, Mn occurrence in Eleven in vitro studies meeting PICOS inclusion criteria, selected from 9,409 records identified in Google Scholar (8,730), PubMed/MEDLINE… (n=11) |
| 123 | Chime et al. 2025. Assessment of toxic trace metal contamination in food spices sold in Nigerian markets, World Journal of Advanced Research and Reviews | 2025 | Peer-reviewed | NG tAs, Cd, Pb occurrence in Six commercial spice brands and one fresh scent leaf sample purchased from New Heaven market, Enugu, Nigeria (n=7) |
| 124 | Chiutula et al. 2025. Assessment of Heavy Metal Accumulation in Wastewater–Receiving Soil–Exotic and Indigenous Vegetable Systems and Its Potential Health Risks: A Case Study from Blantyre, Malawi, International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health | 2025 | Peer-reviewed | Pb in 6 wastewater-irrigated vegetable species from Blantyre, Malawi; Pb alongside Cd, Cr in leaves and stems; evidence for Pb transfer from effluent-irrigated soil to edible portions |
| 125 | Project 2025. CLP Insights: 2024-25 Protein Powder Category Report (Protein Study 2.0), Clean Label Project category insights report | 2025 | Industry | US/US-CA tAs, Cd, tHg, Pb occurrence in 160 protein powder products from 70 top-selling US brands, representing approximately 83% of the US protein supplement market… (n=160) |
| 126 | Collado-Lopez et al. 2025. Concentrations of Heavy Metals in Processed Baby Foods and Infant Formulas Worldwide: A Scoping Review, Nutrition Reviews | 2025 | Peer-reviewed | Pb (with Cd, As, Hg) in 580 baby foods and 251 infant formulas from 75 global studies; scoping review of worldwide Pb concentrations in infant and toddler food products |
| 127 | College et al. 2025. for alleviating heavy metal stress, Peer-reviewed article | 2025 | Peer-reviewed | Contribution to this topic remains under review; see the source record for its reported scope. |
| 128 | Craven et al. 2025. Lead Astray? The Hidden Contaminants in Australian Anabolic–Androgenic Steroid Market and Their Potential Health Impact, Drug and Alcohol Review | 2025 | Peer-reviewed | AU Pb, Cd, tAs, Al, Cr, Ni occurrence in 28 illicit anabolic–androgenic steroid (AAS) products anonymously donated by people who use AAS in Australia (reportedly purchased 2022–2024):… (n=28) |
| 129 | Ćwieląg-Drabek et al. 2025. Evaluation of Cadmium, Lead, Chromium, and Nickel Content in Various Types of Nuts: Almonds, Cashews, Hazelnuts, Peanuts, and Walnuts – Health Risk of Polish Consumers, Biological Trace Element Research | 2025 | Peer-reviewed | PL/EU Cd, Pb, Cr, Ni occurrence in Commercial nuts (almonds, cashews, hazelnuts, peanuts, walnuts) available on the Polish market (n=69) |
| 130 | Cwielag-Drabek et al. 2025. Heavy Metal Content in Tattoo and Permanent Makeup Inks and European Standards-Is There Still a Health Risk?, Toxics | 2025 | Peer-reviewed | EU Pb, Cd, Zn, Cr, Cr-VI, Ni, Cu, iAs, Co, Sb, Se, Mn, tHg occurrence in Commercial tattoo inks, permanent makeup inks, and dual-use inks purchased in the European Union in 2022-2023 (n=41) |
| 131 | Danjuma et al. 2025. Investigation and Health Risk Assessments of Potentially Toxic Elements (PTEs) In Hair-Dye Products, International Journal of Research and Innovation in Applied Science | 2025 | Peer-reviewed | Contribution to this topic remains under review; see the source record for its reported scope. |
| 132 | Silva et al. 2025. Neurodevelopmental Outcomes Associated with Early-Life Exposure to Heavy Metals: A Systematic Review, International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 22(8):1308 | 2025 | Peer-reviewed | international Pb, tHg, MeHg, Cd, tAs, Mn occurrence in Pooled across 68 included primary studies (48 longitudinal + 20 cross-sectional), comprising 215,195 individuals from 23 countries. Japan… (n=215195) |
| 133 | Dearing et al. 2025. Assessment of Heavy Metals in Organic and Non-Organic Vegetables Post Severe Tropical Cyclone Gabrielle: A cross-sectional comparative analysis, F1000Research | 2025 | Peer-reviewed | NZ Pb, Cd, tAs, Ni, Cr, tHg occurrence in 153 composite representative samples (from 736 individual vegetables) collected from 14 market gardens at 10 growing sites within… (n=153) |
| 134 | Demir et al. 2025. Determination of Element Contents and Health Risk Assessment of Some Commercial Coffees in Turkiye, Journal of Tekirdag Agricultural Faculty 22(3) | 2025 | Peer-reviewed | TR Al, Ba, Cr, Ni, Pb, tAs, Cd, Sb occurrence in Ten brewed commercial coffee samples from different product/brand types in Turkiye: classic, milicano, green, gold, decaffeinated, filter, and… (n=10) |
| 135 | Dinesh et al. 2025. Comparative evaluation of heavy metal concentration in three commercially important fish: insights from organ-specific and interspecies variability, Frontiers in Marine Science | 2025 | Peer-reviewed | IN Cd, Pb, Cr, Ni, Al occurrence in three commercially important fish species assessed by tissue and organ |
| 136 | Doan et al. 2025. FeMg-BDC MOF/Reduced Graphene Oxide Electrochemical Sensor for Lead(II) Detection in Water | 2025 | Peer-reviewed | MOF/rGO electrochemical sensor development for Pb detection in water; method development only, no food occurrence data |
| 137 | Joanna et al. 2025. A quantitative assessment of heavy metal contamination in instant coffee beverages: A comparative analysis of toxic element content and public health risk implications, Polish Annals of Medicine | 2025 | Peer-reviewed | PL Cd, Pb, Ni, Zn, tAs, Cr occurrence in Instant coffee beverages sold in Poland, including 3-in-1, 2-in-1, and cappuccino products (n=50) |
| 138 | Du et al. 2025. Heavy metal exposures in aerodigestive clinic cohort of infants with reflux or dysphagia, Scientific Reports | 2025 | Peer-reviewed | US tAs, iAs, Pb, tHg, Cd, Sn, Cr, Ni, U occurrence in Infants under 1 year of age with reflux or oropharyngeal dysphagia seen at Boston Children’s Hospital aerodigestive clinic,… (n=56) |
| 139 | Du et al. 2025. Individual and combined contamination of the toxic metals in commercial cat and dog food, Scientific Reports | 2025 | Peer-reviewed | CN Pb, Cd, Cr, tHg, tAs occurrence in Imported cat and dog food products from the Chinese market (produced 2021-2022); 45 cat food, 48 dog food;… (n=93) |
| 140 | Dziubanek et al. 2025. Health Risk for Non-Dietary Children’s Exposure to Heavy Metals in Postindustrial Areas in Upper Silesia, Poland, Toxics | 2025 | Peer-reviewed | PL Pb, Cd, Zn occurrence in 77 surface soil samples (topsoil to 0.25 m depth, sieved <2 mm) collected from children’s recreational areas across… (n=77) |
| 141 | Elabiad 2025. and Cord Blood Levels of Cadmium, Lead, Manganese, Mercury,, Peer-reviewed article | 2025 | Peer-reviewed | Contribution to this topic remains under review; see the source record for its reported scope. |
| 142 | Elbagory et al. 2025. Assessment of Potentially Toxic Elements in Four Melon Fruit Varieties Grown in the Ganges and Yamuna River Basin, Horticulturae | 2025 | Peer-reviewed | IN Cd, Cr, Pb, tAs, Al occurrence in 200 melon fruit samples (50 per variety) of 4 varieties — watermelon (Arka Shyama and Crimson Sweet) and… (n=200) |
| 143 | el-sharkawy 2025. Heavy Metal Pollution in Coastal Environments: Ecological Implications and Management Strategies: A Review, Sustainability | 2025 | Peer-reviewed | Contribution to this topic remains under review; see the source record for its reported scope. |
| 144 | EMA 2025. Guideline on the Development and Manufacture of Synthetic Peptides, European Medicines Agency | 2025 | Regulatory guideline | Contribution to this topic remains under review; see the source record for its reported scope. |
| 145 | Emmanuel 2025. Assessment of Heavy Metal Contamination and Health Risks from Urban-Grown Vegetables in Kano State, Nigeria, ChemClass Journal | 2025 | Peer-reviewed | NG Cd, Ni, Pb, Mn, Cr occurrence in Vegetable and soil samples from urban agriculture sites in Wudil, Nomans-Land, and Sharada, Kano State, Nigeria, collected January-March… (n=64) |
| 146 | Enogbe et al. 2025. Levels of heavy metals concentrations in chocolates from Bwari market Abuja FCT, Nigeria, International Journal of Adulteration9:e2ijad3057 | 2025 | Peer-reviewed | NG Ni, Fe, Cu, Cr, Pb occurrence in Two anonymous chocolate products purchased in Bwari market,Abuja; collection date, formulation and cocoa percentage not stated. (n=2) |
| 147 | EPA 2025. 40 CFR Part 503 - Standards for the Use or Disposal of Sewage Sludge, Code of Federal Regulations | 2025 | Government report | US tAs, Cd, Pb, tHg, Ni concentrations |
| 148 | Erol et al. 2025. Safety and Nutritional Profile of Traditional Turkish Cheeses: A Comprehensive Study on Their Mineral Content, Heavy Metal Contamination, and Health Risks of Aho, Golot, and Telli, Food Science & Nutrition | 2025 | Peer-reviewed | Pb in 30 samples of 3 traditional Turkish cheeses from Trabzon (ICP-MS); Pb measured alongside Hg, Al, As, Cd, Ni, Cr with health risk assessment |
| 149 | Fan et al. 2025. Occurrence, exposure and health risk assessment of heavy metals in green tea samples cultivated in Hangzhou area, Scientific Reports | 2025 | Peer-reviewed | Pb in 120 green tea leaf samples from Hangzhou, China (ICP-MS); Pb concentrations reported alongside 11 other metals; health risk assessment for tea consumers |
| 150 | FDA 2025. Action Levels for Lead in Processed Food Intended for Babies and Young Children: Guidance for Industry, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Food and Drug Administration, Human Foods Program | 2025 | Government guidance | FDA Closer to Zero 2025 Pb action levels for baby foods by category: 10 ppb fruits/vegetables/yogurt/meat; 20 ppb dry infant cereals; 20 ppb root vegetables; defines regulatory floor for US infant food Pb |
| 151 | FDA 2025. Compliance Program Guidance Manual: Toxic Elements in Food and Foodware, and Radionuclides in Food – Import and Domestic (Program 7304.019), US Food and Drug Administration | 2025 | Government report | FDA enforcement framework for Pb (and other toxic elements) in all food and foodware categories; compliance program operationalizing action levels and import/domestic enforcement posture |
| 152 | Melania et al. 2025. Analysis of risk elements in herbal tea samples, Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology and Food Sciences | 2025 | Peer-reviewed | SK Cu, Pb, Ni, tAs occurrence in Six herbal tea materials from Slovakia prepared under three acid-extraction methods (n=18) |
| 153 | Fu et al. 2025. Mitigation Effect of Low-Accumulation Rice Varieties and Soil Conditioners on Hg and Cd Pollution in Rice, Processes | 2025 | Peer-reviewed | CN tHg, Cd, tAs, Pb, Cr occurrence in One-year 2023 field experiment in Hg-Cd co-contaminated farmland in Tongren, Guizhou, China, with three replicate plots per treatment… (n=66) |
| 154 | Gama et al. 2025. Assessing trace elements in soils and rice: insights from the Baixo Vouga Lagunar (Portugal), Environmental Geochemistry and Health | 2025 | Peer-reviewed | Pb in 5 rice grain samples from Baixo Vouga Lagunar paddy fields, Portugal; Pb measured alongside As and U in white Carolino, wild, and brown rice varieties from different crop years |
| 155 | Garofalo et al. 2025. Monitoring of Cadmium, Lead, and Mercury Levels in Seafood Products: A Ten-Year Analysis, Foods 14(3):451 | 2025 | Peer-reviewed | IT/EU Cd, Pb, tHg, MeHg occurrence in 5,854 seafood samples (9,809 analyses: 4,300 THg + 3,338 Cd + 2,171 Pb) collected and analyzed by Istituto… (n=5854) |
| 156 | Gholami et al. 2025. Health risk assessment Pb, As and Cr in corn (Zea mays) of Behbahan and Dezful from Khuzestan Province, Iran, Scientific Reports | 2025 | Peer-reviewed | Pb in 50 corn samples from 10 farms in Khuzestan, Iran (ICP-MS); health risk assessment for Pb alongside As and Cr; comparison between two geographic subregions |
| 157 | İA 2025. Evaluation of the liquid, fiber and packaging content of baby wet wipes for heavy metal contamination, MSc thesis, İstanbul Üniversitesi-Cerrahpaşa, Adli Tıp ve Adli Bilimler Enstitüsü, Fen Bilimleri Anabilim Dalı. Supervisor Zeynep Türkmen. YÖK thesis catalog number 988276, as supplied with the file. That number is not printed on the cover or abstract pages of this PDF. | 2025 | Thesis | Contribution to this topic remains under review; see the source record for its reported scope. |
| 158 | Gorbanov et al. 2025. Evaluation of lamb meat safety for meat snack production after the use of the feed supplement LaktuVet-1 in animal diets, Proceedings of VSUET, 87(1): 86-92 | 2025 | Peer-reviewed | RU Pb, Cd, tAs occurrence in Two groups of 20 Edilbay-breed sheep in Russia: a control group and an experimental group receiving the LaktuVet-1… (n=40) |
| 159 | Groleau et al. 2025. Improving nutritional intakes and reducing metal(loid) exposures from wild fish broth among Inuit pregnant women, Science of the Total Environment | 2025 | Peer-reviewed | CA tHg, MeHg, tAs, iAs, Cd, Pb, Se, Fe, K occurrence in Nunavik (northern Quebec), Canada; Inuit country food samples including lake trout (n=43 large >0.5 kg, additional smaller specimens),… (n=140) |
| 160 | GCC Standardization Organization 2025. GSO 2783:2025 Maximum Residue Limits (MRLs) for Heavy Metals in Food, GSO Standards Store, record GSO:990231 | 2025 | Government report | GSO tAs, iAs, tHg, Cd, Pb, Sn concentrations |
| 161 | Gulcin 2025. Antioxidants: a comprehensive review, Archives of Toxicology | 2025 | Peer-reviewed | TR Pb, Cd, tAs, tHg occurrence in Narrative review; no primary measurements. |
| 162 | Hadi et al. 2025. Health Impact of Heavy Metals in Samples of Dried Fruits in Iraq, International Journal of Analytical Chemistry | 2025 | Peer-reviewed | Pb in 15 dried fruit types (Iranian-origin, Iraqi retail) including fig, peach, raisins, prune (ICP-MS, n=15); Pb alongside Cd and Cr; health impact assessment for dried fruit consumers |
| 163 | Haji et al. 2025. Hidden Toxic Elements in Creams and Foundations, Journal of Biomedical Research & Environmental Sciences 6(2): 197-203 | 2025 | Peer-reviewed | TZ Cu, Cd, tHg, Pb, tAs, Sb, Te, Bi, Nb, Ta occurrence in Seven creams and three foundation products assessed for toxic elements; the paper reports individual brand names, but this… (n=10) |
| 164 | Hamza et al. 2025. Determination of Some Physicochemical Properties, Heavy Metals and Micronutrients of Some Energy Drinks Available in Nigeria, Communication in Physical Sciences | 2025 | Peer-reviewed | NG Pb, Cd, tAs, Cr, Ni, Co, Cu, Fe, Mn, Zn occurrence in Thirty energy drinks (23 liquid and 7 powdered) purchased from local markets in Nigeria. Samples are labelled by… (n=30) |
| 165 | Hassan et al. 2025. Cornflakes as a source of dietary metal exposure in Lebanon: Risk assessment and regulatory compliance, RSC Advances | 2025 | Peer-reviewed | Pb in 42 commercial cornflake products from Lebanese markets (ICP-MS); Pb alongside As, Cd, Cr, Hg; regulatory compliance assessment against Lebanese and international standards |
| 166 | Haydous et al. 2025. Pet food safety at risk? Investigating toxic metal contamination in Lebanon and the UAE, RSC Advances | 2025 | Peer-reviewed | Pb in 196 commercial pet food SKUs from Lebanon and UAE (ICP-MS); Pb alongside Cd, As, Hg, Cr in dry and wet cat and dog food; supply-chain context for Pb in animal-derived ingredients |
| 167 | Houlihan et al. 2025. What’s in your family’s rice? Arsenic, Cadmium, and Lead in Popular Rice Brands - Plus 9 Safer Grains to Try, Healthy Babies Bright Futures (HBBF) report | 2025 | Government report | US tAs, iAs, Cd, Pb, tHg occurrence in 211 retail grain containers (145 rice samples across 105 brands and 66 alternative-grain samples) purchased in 20 US… (n=211) |
| 168 | Canada 2025. Guidelines for Canadian Drinking Water Quality - Summary Tables - December 2025, Health Canada | 2025 | Government report | CA Al, Sb, tAs, Cd, Cr-total, Pb, tHg concentrations |
| 169 | e-Legislation 2025. Hong Kong Cap. 132V Food Adulteration (Metallic Contamination) Regulations, consolidated 5 September 2025, Hong Kong e-Legislation Cap. 132V | 2025 | Government report | HK Sb, tAs, iAs, Cd, Cr-total, Pb, MeHg, tHg, iHg, Ni, Sn, U concentrations |
| 170 | Höpfner et al. 2025. The contribution of infant formula to the food survey-based dietary exposure of nine selected elements, Journal of Environmental Exposure Assessment | 2025 | Peer-reviewed | DE/EU iAs, Cd, Pb, Cr, Ni, tHg occurrence in German infants (0.5 to <1 year, n=51) and toddlers (1 to <3 years, n=63) consuming infant formula, from… (n=114) |
| 171 | Huan et al. 2025. Research on the Content of Minerals and Heavy Metals, Peer-reviewed article | 2025 | Peer-reviewed | Contribution to this topic remains under review; see the source record for its reported scope. |
| 172 | Huff et al. 2025. Heavy metals in spices from Lancaster, PA: arsenic, cadmium, and lead exposure risks and the need for regulation, Environmental Monitoring and Assessment | 2025 | Peer-reviewed | US Pb, Cd, tAs occurrence in Commercial spices from stores and home-donated spices from multicultural families in Lancaster, PA; 82 store-purchased, 34 home-donated (n=116) |
| 173 | Ibrahim et al. 2025. Dietary Exposure and Health Risk Assessment of Selected Toxic and Essential Metals in Various Flavored Dairy Products, Biological Trace Element Research | 2025 | Peer-reviewed | Pb in 180 flavored dairy products from Giza, Egypt (ICP-MS); UHT milk, yogurt, drinking yogurt, ice cream, milk powder; chocolate and fruit-flavored varieties; dietary exposure estimates |
| 174 | Jadhav et al. 2025. Microplastic-Mediated Heavy Metal Uptake in Lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.): Implications for Food Safety and Agricultural Sustainability, Molecules | 2025 | Peer-reviewed | PL Cd, Pb occurrence in Eight-week controlled pot experiment with lettuce grown in contaminated soil amended with different microplastic types |
| 175 | Jarin et al. 2025. Plant Responses to Heavy Metal Stresses: Mechanisms, Defense Strategies, and Nanoparticle-Assisted Remediation, Plants | 2025 | Peer-reviewed | Cd, Pb, tAs, Ni, Cr, tHg occurrence in Narrative synthesis review; no primary measurements. |
| 176 | Jia et al. 2025. Gold Nanocluster-Based Fluorescence Sensor for Simultaneous Detection of Lead and Cadmium in Water | 2025 | Peer-reviewed | Gold nanocluster fluorescence sensor for simultaneous Pb and Cd detection in water; method development only, no food occurrence data |
| 177 | Jităreanu et al. 2025. An Overview of Heavy Metals in Cosmetic Products and Their Toxicological Impact, Applied Sciences 15: 12883 | 2025 | Review | EU/US/CA Pb, Cd, tHg, tAs, iAs, Cr, Cr-VI, Ni, Al, Fe, Cu, Zn, Co occurrence in Narrative review of heavy-metal contamination in cosmetics; literature 1990 - November 2025 retrieved via PubMed, Web of Science,… |
| 178 | Joseph et al. 2025. Assessment of the Level of Heavy Metals in Irrigation Water, Farm Soil, and Vegetables Grown in Gobbiya Dam, Bogoro Local Government Area Bauchi State, Nigeria, Journal of Energy Technology and Environment 7(4):79–92 | 2025 | Peer-reviewed | NG tAs, Fe, Cd, Cu, Cr, Pb, Ni occurrence in Four vegetable species and associated soil/water at Gobbiya Dam, Bauchi State; n=3 replicate measurements, independent field sample count… |
| 179 | Jurkovic et al. 2025. Heavy Metals and Microbiological Assessment of the Soil-Plant System of Flooded Areas Applied on Chard (Beta vulgaris), ACS Omega | 2025 | Peer-reviewed | BA Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni, Pb, Zn occurrence in Soil, sludge, and chard samples from flooded and control areas in central Bosnia and Herzegovina after autumn 2024… (n=21) |
| 180 | Kalicharan et al. 2025. Determination of Heavy Metal Contamination in Premium and Supermarket Brands of Extruded Feline and Canine Food in the South African Market, Veterinary Medicine and Science | 2025 | Peer-reviewed | ZA Pb, Cd, tAs, tHg, Ni, Zn, Cu occurrence in 14 premium and 17 supermarket brands of extruded cat and dog food (kibble) from the South African market;… (n=31) |
| 181 | Kopylev et al. 2025. Relationship of prenatal methylmercury, Peer-reviewed article | 2025 | Peer-reviewed | Contribution to this topic remains under review; see the source record for its reported scope. |
| 182 | Krasnopyorova et al. 2025. Trace element composition of drinking water in Almaty, Kazakhstan, International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health | 2025 | Peer-reviewed | Pb in 78 municipal tap and bottled water samples from Almaty, Kazakhstan (ICP-MS, 24 trace elements); Pb alongside As, Cd, Cr, Ni, U in drinking water health risk context |
| 183 | Kuzan et al. 2025. Metallomic Profile of Placental Tissue and Its Association with Maternal and Neonatal Parameters: A Cross-Sectional ICP-OES Study in Lower Silesia, International Journal of Molecular Sciences | 2025 | Peer-reviewed | PL Cd, Pb, Ni, Co, Ca, Mg, Fe, Mn, Cu, Zn, Se, Sr occurrence in Term placental tissue samples, Lower Silesia region, Poland; singleton uncomplicated pregnancies, gestational age 37-42 weeks (n=33) |
| 184 | Rubin et al. 2025. Baby lotion tested for lead, cadmium, mercury and arsenic (Lead Safe Mama community-funded laboratory testing, single lot), tamararubin.com blog post, posted 19 May 2025, updated 16 August 2025 | 2025 | Gray literature | Contribution to this topic remains under review; see the source record for its reported scope. |
| 185 | LHAAC 2025. Coordinated Sampling Project 41: Microbial and Heavy Metal Detections in Herbs and Spices, Local Health Authorities Analytical Committee, Edith Cowan University | 2025 | Government report | AU Pb, Cd, tAs, tHg, Al, Cr, Ni occurrence in Commercially available herbs and spices from retail food businesses across Western Australia; 23 local government areas; fresh herbs,… (n=380) |
| 186 | Lin et al. 2025. LINE-1 DNA methylation mediates smoking-related risk in site-specific urothelial carcinoma: a Taiwan case-control study, Archives of Toxicology | 2025 | Peer-reviewed | Blood Pb measured in 1,047 Taiwanese urothelial carcinoma cases and hospital controls; Pb biomonitoring data in cancer epidemiology context alongside As, Cd, Cr, Ni |
| 187 | Liu et al. 2025. Mercury poisoning-associated membranous, Peer-reviewed article | 2025 | Peer-reviewed | Contribution to this topic remains under review; see the source record for its reported scope. |
| 188 | Liu et al. 2025. Heavy metal synergistic pollution risk assessment in the soil-crop system of the Nanyang Basin, Scientific Reports | 2025 | Peer-reviewed | CN tAs, Cd, Cr, tHg, Pb occurrence in 5778 surface soil samples, 185 wheat samples, 75 corn samples, 114 peanut samples, and 374 root soil samples… (n=6252) |
| 189 | MacDonald et al. 2025. Occurrence of chemical contaminants in wild-caught fishery products of relevance to Scottish and wider UK Fishing Waters: A Review, Fera Science Ltd report to Food Standards Scotland (Report FR/002826) | 2025 | Agency report | GB/EU tHg, MeHg, Cd, Pb, tAs, iAs, Ni, Cr occurrence in Narrative + tabular review of chemical contaminants in wild-caught and smoked fish, shellfish, crustaceans, and cephalopods from Scottish… (n=192) |
| 190 | Maćkiewicz et al. 2025. Application of the ICP-OES and SEM-EDS Techniques for Elemental Analysis of Various Types of Cosmetic Products with Antiperspirant and Deodorant Properties Available on the EU Market, Molecules | 2025 | Peer-reviewed | PL/EU Ag, Al, Ba, Ca, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, K, Mg, Mn, Ni, P, Pb, S, Sb, Sn, Sr, Ti, Zn, Zr occurrence in 72 deodorant and antiperspirant products purchased from Polish-market commercial outlets between 2022 and 2025: 57 antiperspirants and 15… (n=72) |
| 191 | Mahmood et al. 2025. Estimation of some heavy metal concentrations in selected dried fruit samples available in local markets and assessment of their health risks, International Journal of Environmental Impacts | 2025 | Peer-reviewed | IQ Pb, Cr, Ni occurrence in selected dried fruit samples available in local markets (n=not reported in abstract) |
| 192 | Marcelis et al. 2025. Chemical characterization of menstrual and intimate care products: An extractables & leachables investigation, Environment International | 2025 | Peer-reviewed | EU/US/CN Li, Al, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, tAs, Se, Cd, Sb, Ba, Pb, Sn, tHg occurrence in 64 menstrual and intimate care products originating from the EU, US, and China: tampons n=9, menstrual pads n=6,… (n=64) |
| 193 | Maryland Cannabis Administration 2025. The Maryland Cannabis Administration’s Technical Authority for Cannabis Testing, Revision 6.0 | 2025 | Government report | US-MD Pb, tAs, tHg, Cd, Cr-total concentrations |
| 194 | Masri et al. 2025. Assessing Dietary Consumption of Toxicant-Laden Foods and Beverages by Age and Ethnicity in California: Implications for Proposition 65, Nutrients | 2025 | Peer-reviewed | US Pb, Cd, tAs, MeHg occurrence in Cross-sectional online dietary survey (Qualtrics) administered between 1 March and 15 June 2023 to Southern California residents (adults… (n=186) |
| 195 | Massarsky et al. 2025. Health risk implications of heavy metals in toothpaste, Public Health and Toxicology 5(2):9 | 2025 | Peer-reviewed | US Pb, Cd, tHg, tAs occurrence in 50 toothpastes tested by Lead Safe Mama (Perkins 2025 news article); screening-level risk assessment by Massarsky et al. (n=50) |
| 196 | Matei et al. 2025. Physicochemical Properties, Trace Elements, and Health Risk Assessment of Edible Vegetable Oils Consumed in Romania, Applied Sciences | 2025 | Peer-reviewed | RO Pb, Cd, Cu, Cr, Co, Mn, Ni occurrence in 24 edible vegetable oil samples (three samples each of eight oil types: sunflower, grapeseed, extra virgin olive, organic… (n=24) |
| 197 | Republic of Korea Ministry 2025. Korea MFDS Notice No. 2025-63 Cosmetics Safety Standards | 2025 | Government report | KR Pb, Ni, tAs, tHg, Sb, Cd concentrations |
| 198 | Mititelu et al. 2025. Assessing Heavy Metal Contamination in Food: Implications for Human Health and Environmental Safety, Toxics | 2025 | Review | EU/US/RO Pb, Cd, tAs, iAs, tHg, MeHg, Ni, Cr, Sn occurrence in Narrative review; no primary sample collection. Synthesizes published literature and regulatory data across multiple countries. |
| 199 | Statutes 2025. Minnesota Statutes 2025, section 325E.3892: lead and cadmium in consumer products, Minnesota Statutes 2025 | 2025 | Government report | US-MN Pb, Cd concentrations |
| 200 | Mohammadi et al. 2025. Health risk assessment of heavy metals in root and fruit vegetables in Iran using Monte Carlo simulation, Discover Sustainability | 2025 | Peer-reviewed | IR Pb, Cd, Cr, Ni occurrence in Three carrot samples and three cucumber samples from each of seven cities or sampling points in Fars Province,… (n=42) |