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Heavy Metal Index
An unmarked bottle, a glass of amber beer, a tea cup, orange juice, water and barley grains illustrating category 5 beverages product-format context.

Category 5: Beverages

A beverage category index covering juices, plant milks, tea, coffee and fermented drinks, with boundaries separating drinking water and supplements.

Overview

This page is the wiki hub for the locked Category 5 Step 0 beverage row architecture. It preserves the sixteen locked rows and links each row to its product page, ingredient nodes, and affected metal pages. Downstream ingest may append future amendment rows, but these row numbers and names should not be renumbered or silently collapsed.

Locked Rows

#SubcategorySplit FromVariant Type
1Fruit juices, non-applefruit-juicesclean benchmark
2Fruit juices, apple-containingfruit-juiceshigher-contamination row
3Vegetable juices, non-rootvegetable-juicesclean benchmark
4Vegetable juices, root-vegetable-containingvegetable-juiceshigher-contamination row
5Plant milks (almond, oat, coconut, other non-soy/non-rice)plant-milksclean benchmark
6Plant milks, soy-basedplant-milkshigher-contamination row
7Plant milks, rice-based — RETIREDplant-milksretired → Category 3 row 10 (Rice beverages); Amendment 1, 2026-04-28
8Flavored watersflavored-watersindependent no split
9Sports/energy drinkssports-energy-drinksindependent no split
10Herbal/botanical infusionstea-taxonomyclean benchmark
11True tea (Camellia sinensis)tea-taxonomyhigher-contamination row
12Matcha (whole-leaf Camellia sinensis)tea-taxonomydistinct exposure pathway
13Coffee (ground, brewed, instant, single-serve)coffeeindependent no split
14Soft drinks/carbonated beveragessoft-drinks-carbonated-beveragesindependent no split
15Fermented beverages, non-tea-basedkombucha-and-fermented-beveragesclean benchmark
16Kombucha (tea-based fermented beverage)kombucha-and-fermented-beverageshigher-contamination row

Apple-containing fruit juice routes through Apple and lead (Pb). Root-vegetable-containing juice routes through Root vegetables, cadmium (Cd), and Pb. Soy plant milk routes through Soy, aluminum (Al), nickel (Ni), and Cd. Rice plant milk routes through Rice, inorganic arsenic (iAs), Cd, and Pb. Tea, matcha, and tea-based kombucha route through Camellia sinensis, Al, and Pb.

Boundary Rules

Drinking water and mineral water route to the water category, not this beverage category. Tea or coffee with a Supplement Facts panel routes to dietary supplements. Plant-based infant formula routes to Category 1. Sparkling water without flavoring routes to water; sparkling water with flavoring routes to Flavored Waters.

Update history

No substantive edit history is available in this build. The full commit record is available in git.

Sources

Source records associated with this topic. Inclusion does not establish that every finding applies to this product or ingredient. References above identify works cited in the text.

#CitationYearTypeUsed on this page for
1Chen et al. 2020. Analysis of 17 elements in cow, goat, buffalo, yak, and camel milk by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS), RSC Advances2020Peer-reviewedContribution to this topic remains under review; see the source record for its reported scope.
2Massoud et al. 2020. Mercury Biodecontamination from Milk by using L. acidophilus ATCC 4356, Journal of Pure and Applied Microbiology2020Peer-reviewedContribution to this topic remains under review; see the source record for its reported scope.
3Davidov et al. 2019. Contamination of Cow Milk by Heavy Metals in Serbia, Acta Scientiae Veterinariae2019Peer-reviewedContribution to this topic remains under review; see the source record for its reported scope.
4Parsaei et al. 2019. Concentrations of Cadmium, Lead and Mercury in Raw Bovine, Ovine, Caprine, Buffalo and Camel Milk, Polish Journal of Environmental Studies2019Peer-reviewedContribution to this topic remains under review; see the source record for its reported scope.
5Stahl et al. 2017. Migration of aluminum from food contact materials to food - a health risk for consumers? Part I of III: exposure to aluminum, release of aluminum, tolerable weekly intake (TWI), toxicological effects of aluminum, study design, and methods, Environmental Sciences Europe2017Peer-reviewedContribution to this topic remains under review; see the source record for its reported scope.
6Adegbola et al. 2015. Evaluation of some heavy metal contaminants in biscuits, fruit drinks, concentrates, candy, milk products and carbonated drinks sold in Ibadan, Nigeria, International Journal of Biological and Chemical Sciences2015Peer-reviewedContribution to this topic remains under review; see the source record for its reported scope.
7Godwill et al. 2015. Determination of some soft drink constituents and contamination by some heavy metals in Nigeria, Toxicology Reports2015Peer-reviewedContribution to this topic remains under review; see the source record for its reported scope.
8Akhmetsadykova et al. 2013. Protection against lead contamination by strains of lactic acid bacteria from fermented camel milk, Emirates Journal of Food and Agriculture2013Peer-reviewedContribution to this topic remains under review; see the source record for its reported scope.
9Konuspayeva et al. 2009. Pollution of Camel Milk by Heavy Metals in Kazakhstan, The Open Environmental Pollution & Toxicology Journal2009Peer-reviewedContribution to this topic remains under review; see the source record for its reported scope.
10Committee on Toxicity of 2008. COT Statement on the 2006 UK Total Diet Study of Metals and Other Elements, Committee on Toxicity statement2008Government reportContribution to this topic remains under review; see the source record for its reported scope.
11Maduabuchi et al. 2007. Arsenic and Chromium in Canned and Non-Canned Beverages in Nigeria: A Potential Public Health Concern, International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health2007Peer-reviewedContribution to this topic remains under review; see the source record for its reported scope.
12EFSA 2005. Opinion of the Scientific Panel on Dietetic Products, Nutrition and Allergies on a request from the Commission related to the tolerable upper intake level of tin, EFSA Journal2005Regulatory opinionContribution to this topic remains under review; see the source record for its reported scope.
13Dabeka et al. 1995. Survey of Lead, Cadmium, Fluoride, Nickel, and Cobalt in Food Composites and Estimation of Dietary Intakes of These Elements by Canadians in 1986-1988, Journal of AOAC International1995Peer-reviewedContribution to this topic remains under review; see the source record for its reported scope.