Heavy metals in Celery

Quick read

Celery in the HMI library has 233 reported results for lead, cadmium, total arsenic, inorganic arsenic, total mercury, nickel, chromium, aluminium, tin, antimony, uranium, Co, Cu, Fe, Mn, Zn, V, arsenic (As) and Mo from 23 sources.^{1World Health Organization · 2026GEMS/Food Contaminants database heavy-metal exportsGEMS/Food Contamination Monitoring and Assessment ProgrammeRead source →}^{2U.S. Food and Drug Administration · 2022FY2018-FY2020 TDS Elements Analytical ResultsFDA Total Diet StudyRead source →}^{3Bora FD, Bunea A, Pop SR, Banita SI, Dusa DS, Chira A, Bunea CI · 2022Quantification and Reduction in Heavy Metal Residues in Some Fruits and Vegetables: A Case Study Galați County, RomaniaHorticulturaeRead source →}^{4Ćwieląg-Drabek, M., Piekut, A., Gut, K., Grabowski, M. · 2020Risk of cadmium, lead and zinc exposure from consumption of vegetables produced in areas with mining and smelting pastScientific ReportsRead source →}^{5Guerra F, Trevizam AR, Muraoka T, Marcante NC, Canniatti-Brazaca SG · 2012Heavy metals in vegetables and potential risk for human healthScientia Agricola 69(1):54-60Read source →}^{6Bogdan Ștefan Oprea, Nicoleta Olimpia Vrînceanu, Dumitru-Marian Motelică, Georgiana Iuliana Plopeanu, Vera Carabulea, Mihaela Costea · 2022HEAVY METALS ACCUMULATION IN SOIL AND CELERY ROOT (APIUM GRAVEOLENS L.) HARVESTED FROM THE POLLUTED AREAS IN SIBIU COUNTY, CENTRAL ROMANIAAnnals of the University of Craiova—Agriculture,Montanology,Cadastre52(1):422–429Read source →}

Metals measured:
Lead, cadmium, total arsenic, inorganic arsenic, total mercury and nickel and others, in 233 results from 23 sources.^{1World Health Organization · 2026GEMS/Food Contaminants database heavy-metal exportsGEMS/Food Contamination Monitoring and Assessment ProgrammeRead source →}^{2U.S. Food and Drug Administration · 2022FY2018-FY2020 TDS Elements Analytical ResultsFDA Total Diet StudyRead source →}^{3Bora FD, Bunea A, Pop SR, Banita SI, Dusa DS, Chira A, Bunea CI · 2022Quantification and Reduction in Heavy Metal Residues in Some Fruits and Vegetables: A Case Study Galați County, RomaniaHorticulturaeRead source →}^{4Ćwieląg-Drabek, M., Piekut, A., Gut, K., Grabowski, M. · 2020Risk of cadmium, lead and zinc exposure from consumption of vegetables produced in areas with mining and smelting pastScientific ReportsRead source →}
Main drivers:
Celery, as sold from frozen product, Poland retail/official control had lead higher at 64 µg/kg, against 31 µg/kg for fresh product, Poland retail/official control in the same study.^{7Rusin M, Domagalska J, Rogala D, Razzaghi M, Szymala I · 2021Concentration of cadmium and lead in vegetables and fruitsScientific ReportsRead source →}
Practical framing:
Ask for lot results with a quantification limit well below the limit that applies in the destination market.^{1World Health Organization · 2026GEMS/Food Contaminants database heavy-metal exportsGEMS/Food Contamination Monitoring and Assessment ProgrammeRead source →}^{2U.S. Food and Drug Administration · 2022FY2018-FY2020 TDS Elements Analytical ResultsFDA Total Diet StudyRead source →}^{3Bora FD, Bunea A, Pop SR, Banita SI, Dusa DS, Chira A, Bunea CI · 2022Quantification and Reduction in Heavy Metal Residues in Some Fruits and Vegetables: A Case Study Galați County, RomaniaHorticulturaeRead source →}^{4Ćwieląg-Drabek, M., Piekut, A., Gut, K., Grabowski, M. · 2020Risk of cadmium, lead and zinc exposure from consumption of vegetables produced in areas with mining and smelting pastScientific ReportsRead source →}

Celery overview

Celery in the HMI library has 233 reported results for lead, cadmium, total arsenic, inorganic arsenic, total mercury, nickel, chromium, aluminium, tin, antimony, uranium, Co, Cu, Fe, Mn, Zn, V, As and Mo from 23 sources.^{1World Health Organization · 2026GEMS/Food Contaminants database heavy-metal exportsGEMS/Food Contamination Monitoring and Assessment ProgrammeRead source →}^{2U.S. Food and Drug Administration · 2022FY2018-FY2020 TDS Elements Analytical ResultsFDA Total Diet StudyRead source →}^{3Bora FD, Bunea A, Pop SR, Banita SI, Dusa DS, Chira A, Bunea CI · 2022Quantification and Reduction in Heavy Metal Residues in Some Fruits and Vegetables: A Case Study Galați County, RomaniaHorticulturaeRead source →}^{4Ćwieląg-Drabek, M., Piekut, A., Gut, K., Grabowski, M. · 2020Risk of cadmium, lead and zinc exposure from consumption of vegetables produced in areas with mining and smelting pastScientific ReportsRead source →}^{5Guerra F, Trevizam AR, Muraoka T, Marcante NC, Canniatti-Brazaca SG · 2012Heavy metals in vegetables and potential risk for human healthScientia Agricola 69(1):54-60Read source →}^{6Bogdan Ștefan Oprea, Nicoleta Olimpia Vrînceanu, Dumitru-Marian Motelică, Georgiana Iuliana Plopeanu, Vera Carabulea, Mihaela Costea · 2022HEAVY METALS ACCUMULATION IN SOIL AND CELERY ROOT (APIUM GRAVEOLENS L.) HARVESTED FROM THE POLLUTED AREAS IN SIBIU COUNTY, CENTRAL ROMANIAAnnals of the University of Craiova—Agriculture,Montanology,Cadastre52(1):422–429Read source →} WHO GEMS/Food submissions reported lead in celery, as sold from 1,027 results in 4 reporting regions, with subgroup medians from 3 to 620 µg/kg.^{1World Health Organization · 2026GEMS/Food Contaminants database heavy-metal exportsGEMS/Food Contamination Monitoring and Assessment ProgrammeRead source →} In the US Total Diet Study, celery, as sold had a median lead result below 4 µg/kg across 27 composites from 2017–2020.^{2U.S. Food and Drug Administration · 2022FY2018-FY2020 TDS Elements Analytical ResultsFDA Total Diet StudyRead source →}

Across 2 other studies of ordinary farms and markets, reported lead means and medians on an as-sold or fresh-weight basis ranged from 6 µg/kg (Rusin et al. 2021) to 470 µg/kg (Guerra et al. 2012).^{5Guerra F, Trevizam AR, Muraoka T, Marcante NC, Canniatti-Brazaca SG · 2012Heavy metals in vegetables and potential risk for human healthScientia Agricola 69(1):54-60Read source →}^{7Rusin M, Domagalska J, Rogala D, Razzaghi M, Szymala I · 2021Concentration of cadmium and lead in vegetables and fruitsScientific ReportsRead source →} For cadmium, 4 studies on an as-sold or fresh-weight basis reported means and medians from 16 µg/kg (Dearing et al. 2025) to 152 µg/kg (Rusin et al. 2021).^{7Rusin M, Domagalska J, Rogala D, Razzaghi M, Szymala I · 2021Concentration of cadmium and lead in vegetables and fruitsScientific ReportsRead source →}^{8Dearing C, Ye Z, Robertshaw G · 2025Assessment of Heavy Metals in Organic and Non-Organic Vegetables Post Severe Tropical Cyclone Gabrielle: A cross-sectional comparative analysisF1000ResearchRead source →} Higher results came from contaminated or exposed settings rather than ordinary supply. Celery, as sold from fresh product, Poland retail/official control had cadmium higher at 152 µg/kg, against 44 µg/kg for frozen product, Poland retail/official control in the same study.^{7Rusin M, Domagalska J, Rogala D, Razzaghi M, Szymala I · 2021Concentration of cadmium and lead in vegetables and fruitsScientific ReportsRead source →}

For a buyer the practical points are the form bought, the basis a result is reported on, where the celery came from and the laboratory’s reporting limit. Testing finds contamination but does not remove it.

What counts as celery

This page covers celery, as sold (233 results).^{1World Health Organization · 2026GEMS/Food Contaminants database heavy-metal exportsGEMS/Food Contamination Monitoring and Assessment ProgrammeRead source →}^{2U.S. Food and Drug Administration · 2022FY2018-FY2020 TDS Elements Analytical ResultsFDA Total Diet StudyRead source →}^{3Bora FD, Bunea A, Pop SR, Banita SI, Dusa DS, Chira A, Bunea CI · 2022Quantification and Reduction in Heavy Metal Residues in Some Fruits and Vegetables: A Case Study Galați County, RomaniaHorticulturaeRead source →}^{4Ćwieląg-Drabek, M., Piekut, A., Gut, K., Grabowski, M. · 2020Risk of cadmium, lead and zinc exposure from consumption of vegetables produced in areas with mining and smelting pastScientific ReportsRead source →}^{5Guerra F, Trevizam AR, Muraoka T, Marcante NC, Canniatti-Brazaca SG · 2012Heavy metals in vegetables and potential risk for human healthScientia Agricola 69(1):54-60Read source →}^{6Bogdan Ștefan Oprea, Nicoleta Olimpia Vrînceanu, Dumitru-Marian Motelică, Georgiana Iuliana Plopeanu, Vera Carabulea, Mihaela Costea · 2022HEAVY METALS ACCUMULATION IN SOIL AND CELERY ROOT (APIUM GRAVEOLENS L.) HARVESTED FROM THE POLLUTED AREAS IN SIBIU COUNTY, CENTRAL ROMANIAAnnals of the University of Craiova—Agriculture,Montanology,Cadastre52(1):422–429Read source →}

Results stay on the basis each source reports: as sold or fresh weight, dry weight, or unstated. Dry-weight, as-sold and unstated results are never pooled, and no moisture conversion is applied.

Heavy metal contamination profile of celery

The table holds every extracted celery result: one row for each statistic a source reports for a form, group and metal, 233 rows in all, grouped by metal and form; percentiles, ranges and maxima for the same samples as a mean or median are shown on that row.^{1World Health Organization · 2026GEMS/Food Contaminants database heavy-metal exportsGEMS/Food Contamination Monitoring and Assessment ProgrammeRead source →}^{2U.S. Food and Drug Administration · 2022FY2018-FY2020 TDS Elements Analytical ResultsFDA Total Diet StudyRead source →}^{3Bora FD, Bunea A, Pop SR, Banita SI, Dusa DS, Chira A, Bunea CI · 2022Quantification and Reduction in Heavy Metal Residues in Some Fruits and Vegetables: A Case Study Galați County, RomaniaHorticulturaeRead source →}^{4Ćwieląg-Drabek, M., Piekut, A., Gut, K., Grabowski, M. · 2020Risk of cadmium, lead and zinc exposure from consumption of vegetables produced in areas with mining and smelting pastScientific ReportsRead source →}^{5Guerra F, Trevizam AR, Muraoka T, Marcante NC, Canniatti-Brazaca SG · 2012Heavy metals in vegetables and potential risk for human healthScientia Agricola 69(1):54-60Read source →}^{6Bogdan Ștefan Oprea, Nicoleta Olimpia Vrînceanu, Dumitru-Marian Motelică, Georgiana Iuliana Plopeanu, Vera Carabulea, Mihaela Costea · 2022HEAVY METALS ACCUMULATION IN SOIL AND CELERY ROOT (APIUM GRAVEOLENS L.) HARVESTED FROM THE POLLUTED AREAS IN SIBIU COUNTY, CENTRAL ROMANIAAnnals of the University of Craiova—Agriculture,Montanology,Cadastre52(1):422–429Read source →} Monitoring medians are HMI calculations from individual submissions; non-detects remain intervals between zero and the reporting limit and are never read as zero.^{1World Health Organization · 2026GEMS/Food Contaminants database heavy-metal exportsGEMS/Food Contamination Monitoring and Assessment ProgrammeRead source →}

47 rows can be rated against an HMI reference for the same form and basis, 6 rows have a direct same-study comparison, and the rest stay unrated with the reason recorded. 5 values from 2 sources failed a check against their own source and are shown but not compared.^{9Adeniyi O, Bayo D, Adeniyi A, Okeke-Agulu K · 2021Assessment of Heavy Metals Concentration and Health Risks of Selected Vegetables Sold In Jos MetropolisArchives of Medical Case Reports and Case Study 4(5)Read source →}^{10Imongben CO, Tomori WB, Umoru PE, Oyerinde WA · 2026Determination of some heavy metals and their potential risk in selected vegetables on sale within Kaduna Metropolis, Kaduna State, NigeriaWorld NutritionRead source →}

Comparison methods and scope

Each row is one statistic a source reports for one form of celery, group and metal; percentiles, ranges and maxima reported for the same samples as a mean or median are shown on that row. Different forms and preparation states are kept apart, and dry-weight results never share a reference with as-sold or fresh-weight results. Ratings place a result against an HMI reference built from monitoring results and ordinary-setting medians for the same form and basis. Same-study contrasts compare a contaminated or treated site with its control, targeted with random sampling, a prepared form with the unprocessed one, or one group of a study with the median of its other groups. Held rows failed a check against their own source and are shown but not compared.

Filter findings

AnalyteCollection regionCollection periodSourceCompare withComparable findings only

194 of 194 findings · 19 analytes

About this table

Food formCollection scopeFindingComparisonEvidence

Celery findings from monitoring programmes, total diet studies and every extracted field, market and contaminated-site study, in µg/kg with each source’s form, basis, statistic and censoring retained.
Food form	Collection scope	Finding (µg/kg)

52 findings · 15 studies · 9 spread figures folded in
Celery, as soldWHO GEMS/Food	EURO2019	median.
Celery, as soldWHO GEMS/Food	EURO2009–2023	median.
Celery, as soldWHO GEMS/Food	EURO2018–2023	median.
Celery, as soldWHO GEMS/Food	EURO2017	median.
Celery, as soldWHO GEMS/Food	EURO2014	median.
Celery, as soldWHO GEMS/Food	EURO2015–2017	median.
Celery, as soldWHO GEMS/Food	EURO2007–2010	median.
Celery, as soldWHO GEMS/Food	EURO2003–2019	median.
Celery, as soldWHO GEMS/Food	EURO2000	median.
Celery, as soldWHO GEMS/Food	EURO2003–2017	median.
Celery, as soldWHO GEMS/Food	PAHO2000–2017	median.
Celery, as soldWHO GEMS/Food	SEARO2012	median.
Celery, as soldWHO GEMS/Food	SEARO2019	median.
Celery, as soldWHO GEMS/Food	SEARO2018	median.
Celery, as soldWHO GEMS/Food	WPRO2004–2016	median.
Celery, as soldWHO GEMS/Food	WPRO2010	median.
Celery, as soldWHO GEMS/Food	WPRO2001–2008	median.
Celery, as soldFDA Total Diet Study	6 collection regions2017–2020	median.
Celery, as soldBora et al. 2022	amateur farmers; washed with tap water2021	not detected.
Celery, as soldBora et al. 2022	vegetable and fruit market; washed with tap water2021	not detected.
Celery, as soldĆwieląg-Drabek et al. 2020	allotment gardens in four zones of Silesia Province near Zn-Pb2013–2017	mean.Same samples: 1,770 µg/kg (maximum)
Celery, as soldĆwieląg-Drabek et al. 2020	allotment gardens in four zones of Silesia Province near Zn-Pb2013–2017	min.
Celery, as soldĆwieląg-Drabek et al. 2020	allotment gardens in four zones of Silesia Province near Zn-Pb2013–2017	max.
Celery, as soldGuerra et al. 2012	CEAGESP wholesale market2009	mean.
Celery, as soldOprea et al. 2022	26 households, Copșa Mică polluted area, Sibiu County2021–2022	median.
Celery, as soldOprea et al. 2022	26 households, Copșa Mică polluted area, Sibiu County2021–2022	mean.Same samples: 22 µg/kg (minimum); 620 µg/kg (maximum)
Celery, as soldOprea et al. 2022	26 households, Copșa Mică polluted area, Sibiu County2021–2022	geometric mean.
Celery, as soldOprea et al. 2022	26 households, Copșa Mică polluted area, Sibiu County2021–2022	min.
Celery, as soldOprea et al. 2022	26 households, Copșa Mică polluted area, Sibiu County2021–2022	max.
Celery, as soldOprea et al. 2022	household AS 13 (Axente Sever)2021–2022	sample value.
Celery, as soldOprea et al. 2022	household AS 17 (Axente Sever)2021–2022	sample value.
Celery, as soldOprea et al. 2022	household MS 3 (Micăsasa)2021–2022	sample value.
Celery, as soldOprea et al. 2022	household SO 3 (Șoala)2021–2022	sample value.
Celery, as soldRomero-Crespo et al. 2023	Ponce Enriquez gold-mining area orchards2021	not detected.
Celery, as soldRusin et al. 2021	fresh product, Poland retail/official controlCollection date unreported	mean.
Celery, as soldRusin et al. 2021	frozen product, Poland retail/official controlCollection date unreported	mean.
Celery, as soldRusin et al. 2021	processed product, Poland retail/official controlCollection date unreported	mean.
Celery, as soldSpungen et al. 2024	all samples2018–2020	not detected.
Celery, as soldWHO GEMS/Food	EURO1997–1999Dry weight	median.
Celery, as soldWHO GEMS/Food	EURO2015–2017Dry weight	median.
Celery, as soldWHO GEMS/Food	PAHO2017Dry weight	median.
Celery, as soldWHO GEMS/Food	SEARO2018Dry weight	median.
Celery, as soldWHO GEMS/Food	WPRO2024Dry weight	median.
Celery, as soldauthors 2025	16 allotment gardens, Warsaw2022–2023Dry weight	mean.Same samples: 1,000 µg/kg (minimum); 59,100 µg/kg (maximum); 68,000 µg/kg (maximum)
Celery, as soldauthors 2025	16 allotment gardens, Warsaw2022–2023Dry weight	mean.
Celery, as soldauthors 2025	16 allotment gardens, Warsaw2022–2023Dry weight	min.
Celery, as soldauthors 2025	16 allotment gardens, Warsaw2022–2023Dry weight	min.
Celery, as soldauthors 2025	16 allotment gardens, Warsaw2022–2023Dry weight	max.
Celery, as soldauthors 2025	16 allotment gardens, Warsaw2022–2023Dry weight	max.
Celery, as soldGrández et al. 2022	coast (Chiclayo province), Modelo market, Chachapoyas2020Dry weight	mean.
Celery, as soldGrández et al. 2022	local (Chachapoyas province), Modelo market, Chachapoyas2020Dry weight	mean.
Celery, as soldRusin et al. 2021	dried product, Poland retail/official controlCollection date unreportedDry weight	mean.
Celery, as soldSadee 2022	all samples2021Dry weight	mean.
Celery, as soldCentre for Food Safety (Hong Kong) 2013	all samples2010–2011Basis not stated	mean.
Celery, as soldDabeka et al. 1995	5 city composites1986–1988Basis not stated	median.
Celery, as soldDabeka et al. 1995	5 city composites1986–1988Basis not stated	mean.Same samples: 2.5 µg/kg (minimum); 43.1 µg/kg (maximum)
Celery, as soldDabeka et al. 1995	5 city composites1986–1988Basis not stated	min.
Celery, as soldDabeka et al. 1995	5 city composites1986–1988Basis not stated	max.
Celery, as soldWang et al. 2020	all samples (both areas)2015–2016Basis not stated	mean.
Celery, as soldWang et al. 2020	Other (non-Songhua) area2015–2016Basis not stated	mean.
Celery, as soldWang et al. 2020	Songhua River basin area2015–2016Basis not stated	mean.

50 findings · 18 studies · 11 spread figures folded in
Celery, as soldWHO GEMS/Food	EMRO2019	median.
Celery, as soldWHO GEMS/Food	EURO2009–2019	median.
Celery, as soldWHO GEMS/Food	EURO2017	median.
Celery, as soldWHO GEMS/Food	EURO2007–2010	median.
Celery, as soldWHO GEMS/Food	EURO2001–2019	median.
Celery, as soldWHO GEMS/Food	EURO2000	median.
Celery, as soldWHO GEMS/Food	EURO2003–2017	median.
Celery, as soldWHO GEMS/Food	EURO2003–2006	median.
Celery, as soldWHO GEMS/Food	EURO2003–2006	median.
Celery, as soldWHO GEMS/Food	PAHO1999–2018	median.
Celery, as soldWHO GEMS/Food	WPRO2010	median.
Celery, as soldWHO GEMS/Food	WPRO2003–2016	median.
Celery, as soldWHO GEMS/Food	WPRO2001–2008	median.
Celery, as soldFDA Total Diet Study	6 collection regions2017–2020	median.
Celery, as soldBora et al. 2022	amateur farmers; washed with tap water2021	not detected.
Celery, as soldBora et al. 2022	vegetable and fruit market; washed with tap water2021	not detected.
Celery, as soldĆwieląg-Drabek et al. 2020	allotment gardens in four zones of Silesia Province near Zn-Pb2013–2017	mean.Same samples: 100 µg/kg (minimum); 4,540 µg/kg (maximum)
Celery, as soldĆwieląg-Drabek et al. 2020	allotment gardens in four zones of Silesia Province near Zn-Pb2013–2017	min.
Celery, as soldĆwieląg-Drabek et al. 2020	allotment gardens in four zones of Silesia Province near Zn-Pb2013–2017	max.
Celery, as soldDearing et al. 2025	genus Apium2024	median.Same samples: 19 µg/kg (maximum)
Celery, as soldDearing et al. 2025	genus Apium2024	max.
Celery, as soldGuerra et al. 2012	CEAGESP wholesale market2009	mean.
Celery, as soldOprea et al. 2022	26 households, Copșa Mică polluted area, Sibiu County2021–2022	median.
Celery, as soldOprea et al. 2022	26 households, Copșa Mică polluted area, Sibiu County2021–2022	mean.Same samples: 58 µg/kg (minimum); 1,250 µg/kg (maximum)
Celery, as soldOprea et al. 2022	26 households, Copșa Mică polluted area, Sibiu County2021–2022	geometric mean.
Celery, as soldOprea et al. 2022	26 households, Copșa Mică polluted area, Sibiu County2021–2022	min.
Celery, as soldOprea et al. 2022	26 households, Copșa Mică polluted area, Sibiu County2021–2022	max.
Celery, as soldOprea et al. 2022	household AG 1 (Agârbiciu)2021–2022	sample value.
Celery, as soldOprea et al. 2022	household BZ 9 (Bazna)2021–2022	sample value.
Celery, as soldOprea et al. 2022	household MS 16 (Micăsasa)2021–2022	sample value.
Celery, as soldOprea et al. 2022	household SO 3 (Șoala)2021–2022	sample value.
Celery, as soldOprea et al. 2022	household SO 5 (Șoala)2021–2022	sample value.
Celery, as soldRomero-Crespo et al. 2023	Ponce Enriquez gold-mining area orchards2021	sample value.
Celery, as soldRusin et al. 2021	fresh product, Poland retail/official controlCollection date unreported	mean.
Celery, as soldRusin et al. 2021	frozen product, Poland retail/official controlCollection date unreported	mean.
Celery, as soldRusin et al. 2021	processed product, Poland retail/official controlCollection date unreported	mean.
Celery, as soldSpungen et al. 2024	all samples2018–2020	mean.
Celery, as soldWHO GEMS/Food	EURO1997–1999Dry weight	median.
Celery, as soldWHO GEMS/Food	EURO2015–2019Dry weight	median.
Celery, as soldWHO GEMS/Food	PAHO2017Dry weight	median.
Celery, as soldWHO GEMS/Food	WPRO2024Dry weight	median.
Celery, as soldAdeniyi et al. 2021	Composite of purchases from 3 traders in each of 5 Jos marketsCollection date unreportedDry weight	mean.
Celery, as soldauthors 2025	16 allotment gardens, Warsaw2022–2023Dry weight	mean.Same samples: 200 µg/kg (minimum); 100 µg/kg (minimum); 4,200 µg/kg (maximum); 5,300 µg/kg (maximum)
Celery, as soldauthors 2025	16 allotment gardens, Warsaw2022–2023Dry weight	mean.
Celery, as soldauthors 2025	16 allotment gardens, Warsaw2022–2023Dry weight	min.
Celery, as soldauthors 2025	16 allotment gardens, Warsaw2022–2023Dry weight	min.
Celery, as soldauthors 2025	16 allotment gardens, Warsaw2022–2023Dry weight	max.
Celery, as soldauthors 2025	16 allotment gardens, Warsaw2022–2023Dry weight	max.
Celery, as soldGrández et al. 2022	coast (Chiclayo province), Modelo market, Chachapoyas2020Dry weight	mean.
Celery, as soldGrández et al. 2022	local (Chachapoyas province), Modelo market, Chachapoyas2020Dry weight	mean.
Celery, as soldSadee 2022	all samples2021Dry weight	mean.
Celery, as soldCentre for Food Safety (Hong Kong) 2013	all samples2010–2011Basis not stated	mean.
Celery, as soldDabeka et al. 1995	5 city composites1986–1988Basis not stated	median.
Celery, as soldDabeka et al. 1995	5 city composites1986–1988Basis not stated	mean.Same samples: 3.74 µg/kg (minimum); 46.2 µg/kg (maximum)
Celery, as soldDabeka et al. 1995	5 city composites1986–1988Basis not stated	min.
Celery, as soldDabeka et al. 1995	5 city composites1986–1988Basis not stated	max.
Celery, as soldJoint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives 2022	GEMS/Food contaminants database2011Basis not stated	mean.
Celery, as soldJoint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives 2022	GEMS/Food contaminants database2011Basis not stated	mean.
Celery, as soldWang et al. 2020	all samples (both areas)2015–2016Basis not stated	mean.
Celery, as soldWang et al. 2020	Other (non-Songhua) area2015–2016Basis not stated	mean.
Celery, as soldWang et al. 2020	Songhua River basin area2015–2016Basis not stated	mean.

19 findings · 6 studies
Celery, as soldWHO GEMS/Food	EURO2012–2022	median.
Celery, as soldWHO GEMS/Food	EURO2023	median.
Celery, as soldWHO GEMS/Food	EURO2000–2002	median.
Celery, as soldWHO GEMS/Food	EURO2005–2012	median.
Celery, as soldWHO GEMS/Food	EURO2007–2010	median.
Celery, as soldWHO GEMS/Food	EURO2000	median.
Celery, as soldWHO GEMS/Food	EURO2002–2011	median.
Celery, as soldWHO GEMS/Food	EURO2016–2022	median.
Celery, as soldWHO GEMS/Food	WPRO2009–2016	median.
Celery, as soldWHO GEMS/Food	WPRO2001–2008	median.
Celery, as soldFDA Total Diet Study	6 collection regions2017–2020	median.
Celery, as soldRomero-Crespo et al. 2023	Ponce Enriquez gold-mining area orchards2021	not detected.
Celery, as soldWHO GEMS/Food	WPRO2024Dry weight	median.
Celery, as soldAdeniyi et al. 2021	Composite of purchases from 3 traders in each of 5 Jos marketsCollection date unreportedDry weight	mean.
Celery, as soldGrández et al. 2022	coast (Chiclayo province), Modelo market, Chachapoyas2020Dry weight	mean.
Celery, as soldGrández et al. 2022	local (Chachapoyas province), Modelo market, Chachapoyas2020Dry weight	mean.
Celery, as soldWang et al. 2020	all samples (both areas)2015–2016Basis not stated	mean.
Celery, as soldWang et al. 2020	Other (non-Songhua) area2015–2016Basis not stated	mean.
Celery, as soldWang et al. 2020	Songhua River basin area2015–2016Basis not stated	mean.

3 findings · 3 studies
Celery, as soldWHO GEMS/Food	WPRO2010	median.
Celery, as soldCentre for Food Safety FEHD HKSAR 2012	all samples (4 sampling occasions, composites)2010–2011Basis not stated	mean.
Celery, as soldEuropean Food Safety Authority (EFSA) 2014	European dietary-survey occurrence data2003–2013Basis not stated	mean.

11 findings · 3 studies
Celery, as soldWHO GEMS/Food	EURO2012–2015	median.
Celery, as soldWHO GEMS/Food	EURO2007–2010	median.
Celery, as soldWHO GEMS/Food	EURO2007–2009	median.
Celery, as soldWHO GEMS/Food	EURO2004–2017	median.
Celery, as soldWHO GEMS/Food	EURO2000	median.
Celery, as soldWHO GEMS/Food	WPRO2004–2016	median.
Celery, as soldWHO GEMS/Food	WPRO2001–2008	median.
Celery, as soldFDA Total Diet Study	6 collection regions2017–2020	median.
Celery, as soldDabeka et al. 2003	Ottawa composite (retail Oct-Nov 2000)1998–2000	sample value.
Celery, as soldDabeka et al. 2003	Whitehorse composite (retail Jan-Feb 1998)1998–2000	sample value.
Celery, as soldWHO GEMS/Food	WPRO2024Dry weight	median.

7 findings · 7 studies · 1 spread figure folded in
Celery, as soldFDA Total Diet Study	6 collection regions2017–2020	median.
Celery, as soldDearing et al. 2025	genus Apium2024	median.Same samples: 30 µg/kg (maximum)
Celery, as soldDearing et al. 2025	genus Apium2024	max.
Celery, as soldGuerra et al. 2012	CEAGESP wholesale market2009	mean.
Celery, as soldRomero-Crespo et al. 2023	Ponce Enriquez gold-mining area orchards2021	sample value.
Celery, as soldImongben et al. 2026	five Kaduna markets (composite per market)Collection date unreportedDry weight	mean.
Celery, as soldCentre for Food Safety (Hong Kong) 2013	all samples2010–2011Basis not stated	mean.
Celery, as soldDabeka et al. 1995	Montreal composite1986–1988Basis not stated	sample value.

9 findings · 7 studies
Celery, as soldFDA Total Diet Study	6 collection regions2017–2020	median.
Celery, as soldEFSA Panel on Contaminants in the Food Chain (CONTAM) 2014	all samples, EFSA FoodEx subgroup, LB2000–2013	mean.
Celery, as soldEFSA Panel on Contaminants in the Food Chain (CONTAM) 2014	all samples, EFSA FoodEx subgroup, UB2000–2013	mean.
Celery, as soldGuerra et al. 2012	CEAGESP wholesale market2009	mean.
Celery, as soldRomero-Crespo et al. 2023	Ponce Enriquez gold-mining area orchards2021	sample value.
Celery, as soldGrández et al. 2022	coast (Chiclayo province), Modelo market, Chachapoyas2020Dry weight	mean.
Celery, as soldGrández et al. 2022	local (Chachapoyas province), Modelo market, Chachapoyas2020Dry weight	mean.
Celery, as soldImongben et al. 2026	five Kaduna markets (composite per market)Collection date unreportedDry weight	mean.
Celery, as soldSadee 2022	all samples2021Dry weight	mean.

7 findings · 3 studies
Celery, as soldWHO GEMS/Food	EURO2007–2009	median.
Celery, as soldWHO GEMS/Food	EURO2000	median.
Celery, as soldWHO GEMS/Food	WPRO2024Dry weight	median.
Celery, as soldCentre for Food Safety (Hong Kong) 2013	all samples2010–2011Basis not stated	mean.
Celery, as soldWang et al. 2020	all samples (both areas)2015–2016Basis not stated	mean.
Celery, as soldWang et al. 2020	Other (non-Songhua) area2015–2016Basis not stated	mean.
Celery, as soldWang et al. 2020	Songhua River basin area2015–2016Basis not stated	mean.

3 findings · 2 studies
Celery, as soldWHO GEMS/Food	EURO2007–2009	median.
Celery, as soldWHO GEMS/Food	WPRO2010	median.
Celery, as soldCentre for Food Safety (Hong Kong) 2013	all samples2010–2011Basis not stated	not detected.

1 finding · 1 study
Celery, as soldCentre for Food Safety (Hong Kong) 2013	all samples2010–2011Basis not stated	not detected.

1 finding · 1 study
Celery, as soldFDA Total Diet Study	6 collection regions2017–2020	median.

3 findings · 3 studies
Celery, as soldGuerra et al. 2012	CEAGESP wholesale market2009	mean.
Celery, as soldImongben et al. 2026	five Kaduna markets (composite per market)Collection date unreportedDry weight	mean.
Celery, as soldDabeka et al. 1995	Montreal composite1986–1988Basis not stated	sample value.

8 findings · 5 studies · 6 spread figures folded in
Celery, as soldOprea et al. 2022	26 households, Copșa Mică polluted area, Sibiu County2021–2022	median.
Celery, as soldOprea et al. 2022	26 households, Copșa Mică polluted area, Sibiu County2021–2022	mean.Same samples: 600 µg/kg (minimum); 2,510 µg/kg (maximum)
Celery, as soldOprea et al. 2022	26 households, Copșa Mică polluted area, Sibiu County2021–2022	geometric mean.
Celery, as soldOprea et al. 2022	26 households, Copșa Mică polluted area, Sibiu County2021–2022	min.
Celery, as soldOprea et al. 2022	26 households, Copșa Mică polluted area, Sibiu County2021–2022	max.
Celery, as soldRomero-Crespo et al. 2023	Ponce Enriquez gold-mining area orchards2021	sample value.
Celery, as soldauthors 2025	16 allotment gardens, Warsaw2022–2023Dry weight	mean.Same samples: 3,300 µg/kg (minimum); 7,400 µg/kg (minimum); 25,900 µg/kg (maximum); 30,200 µg/kg (maximum)
Celery, as soldauthors 2025	16 allotment gardens, Warsaw2022–2023Dry weight	mean.
Celery, as soldauthors 2025	16 allotment gardens, Warsaw2022–2023Dry weight	min.
Celery, as soldauthors 2025	16 allotment gardens, Warsaw2022–2023Dry weight	min.
Celery, as soldauthors 2025	16 allotment gardens, Warsaw2022–2023Dry weight	max.
Celery, as soldauthors 2025	16 allotment gardens, Warsaw2022–2023Dry weight	max.
Celery, as soldImongben et al. 2026	five Kaduna markets (composite per market)Collection date unreportedDry weight	mean.
Celery, as soldSadee 2022	all samples2021Dry weight	mean.

2 findings · 2 studies
Celery, as soldAdeniyi et al. 2021	Composite of purchases from 3 traders in each of 5 Jos marketsCollection date unreportedDry weight	mean.
Celery, as soldImongben et al. 2026	five Kaduna markets (composite per market)Collection date unreportedDry weight	mean.

3 findings · 2 studies · 4 spread figures folded in
Celery, as soldauthors 2025	16 allotment gardens, Warsaw2022–2023Dry weight	mean.Same samples: 18,000 µg/kg (minimum); 13,000 µg/kg (minimum); 63,000 µg/kg (maximum); 43,000 µg/kg (maximum)
Celery, as soldauthors 2025	16 allotment gardens, Warsaw2022–2023Dry weight	mean.
Celery, as soldauthors 2025	16 allotment gardens, Warsaw2022–2023Dry weight	min.
Celery, as soldauthors 2025	16 allotment gardens, Warsaw2022–2023Dry weight	min.
Celery, as soldauthors 2025	16 allotment gardens, Warsaw2022–2023Dry weight	max.
Celery, as soldauthors 2025	16 allotment gardens, Warsaw2022–2023Dry weight	max.
Celery, as soldImongben et al. 2026	five Kaduna markets (composite per market)Collection date unreportedDry weight	mean.

10 findings · 6 studies · 8 spread figures folded in
Celery, as soldBora et al. 2022	amateur farmers; washed with tap water2021	mean.
Celery, as soldBora et al. 2022	vegetable and fruit market; washed with tap water2021	mean.
Celery, as soldĆwieląg-Drabek et al. 2020	allotment gardens in four zones of Silesia Province near Zn-Pb2013–2017	mean.Same samples: 26,200 µg/kg (minimum); 89,500 µg/kg (maximum)
Celery, as soldĆwieląg-Drabek et al. 2020	allotment gardens in four zones of Silesia Province near Zn-Pb2013–2017	min.
Celery, as soldĆwieląg-Drabek et al. 2020	allotment gardens in four zones of Silesia Province near Zn-Pb2013–2017	max.
Celery, as soldOprea et al. 2022	26 households, Copșa Mică polluted area, Sibiu County2021–2022	median.
Celery, as soldOprea et al. 2022	26 households, Copșa Mică polluted area, Sibiu County2021–2022	mean.Same samples: 3,100 µg/kg (minimum); 11,700 µg/kg (maximum)
Celery, as soldOprea et al. 2022	26 households, Copșa Mică polluted area, Sibiu County2021–2022	geometric mean.
Celery, as soldOprea et al. 2022	26 households, Copșa Mică polluted area, Sibiu County2021–2022	min.
Celery, as soldOprea et al. 2022	26 households, Copșa Mică polluted area, Sibiu County2021–2022	max.
Celery, as soldRomero-Crespo et al. 2023	Ponce Enriquez gold-mining area orchards2021	sample value.
Celery, as soldauthors 2025	16 allotment gardens, Warsaw2022–2023Dry weight	mean.Same samples: 46,000 µg/kg (minimum); 34,000 µg/kg (minimum); 96,000 µg/kg (maximum); 108,000 µg/kg (maximum)
Celery, as soldauthors 2025	16 allotment gardens, Warsaw2022–2023Dry weight	mean.
Celery, as soldauthors 2025	16 allotment gardens, Warsaw2022–2023Dry weight	min.
Celery, as soldauthors 2025	16 allotment gardens, Warsaw2022–2023Dry weight	min.
Celery, as soldauthors 2025	16 allotment gardens, Warsaw2022–2023Dry weight	max.
Celery, as soldauthors 2025	16 allotment gardens, Warsaw2022–2023Dry weight	max.
Celery, as soldImongben et al. 2026	five Kaduna markets (composite per market)Collection date unreportedDry weight	mean.

1 finding · 1 study
Celery, as soldCentre for Food Safety (Hong Kong) 2013	all samples2010–2011Basis not stated	not detected.

3 findings · 2 studies
Celery, as soldBora et al. 2022	amateur farmers; washed with tap water2021	not detected.
Celery, as soldBora et al. 2022	vegetable and fruit market; washed with tap water2021	not detected.
Celery, as soldSadee 2022	all samples2021Dry weight	mean.

1 finding · 1 study
Celery, as soldImongben et al. 2026	five Kaduna markets (composite per market)Collection date unreportedDry weight	mean.

Shared dataset methods and interpretation

Source summaries retain their original statistic, material, basis and censoring. Each source drawer identifies methods and overlapping samples. No matched reference or pooled distribution is inferred.

HMI celery Pb reference · Celery, as sold

Reference and scope

HMI celery Pb reference · Celery, as sold. Celery, as sold; As sold, as eaten or fresh weight, µg/kg; no moisture conversion. Distribution of subgroup median concentration values.

Reference (µg/kg)	Q1	Median	Q3
Primary HMI reference	≤4	≤4	≤5
Alternative weighting	≤4	≤4	≤5

105 reference units; 3 sampling families. Counts describe evidence units, not independent studies or certainty.

Contributing family	Reference units	Weight
WHO GEMS/Food	77	33%
FDA Total Diet Study	27	33%
Spungen et al. 2024	1	33%

Methods

HMI pools subgroup medians for celery, as sold on a as sold, as eaten or fresh weight basis: monitoring results summarized as one median per reporting region, sampling type and collection year, total diet composites and printed sample values as single observations, and printed subgroup medians from ordinary farms or markets. Each sampling family has equal total weight. Non-detects stay as zero-to-limit intervals, so quartiles carry lower and upper bounds. Means, ranges and maxima never enter as observations. Other forms, other bases, targeted sampling and results from mining, industrial, wastewater-affected, experimental, fertiliser or manufacturer settings are kept out of this reference.

Inverse weighted empirical CDF; midpoint at exact cumulative-weight boundaries. At least four reference units and a definitely positive Q1 to Q3 spread are required. This is a display eligibility rule, not statistical validation.

Limitations

3 sampling families with different designs; none is a probability sample of world supply. Reporting regions and purchase markets are not growing areas. Non-detects with differing limits widen the bounds. A position is descriptive concentration, not a safety or compliance judgment.

Admitted source families

Reference version and interpretation

Frozen evidence selection: 2026-10-22. Method: hmi-pooled-reference-v2.

hmi-pooled-reference-v2:celery-631a6cc17a94:9d9cbb475c67

The reference is computed by HMI from admitted evidence, not copied from a study baseline. It describes the evidence currently in this scope; it is not a worldwide or current-lot benchmark. Source, year and region filters do not change it. Different HMI scopes are not one common ranking.

HMI celery Pb reference · Celery, as sold, dry weight

Reference and scope

HMI celery Pb reference · Celery, as sold, dry weight. Celery, as sold; Dry weight, µg/kg; no moisture conversion. Distribution of subgroup median concentration values.

Reference (µg/kg)	Q1	Median	Q3
Primary HMI reference	≤78	61.5–100 (bounded)	118–125 (bounded)
Alternative weighting	≤78	61.5–100 (bounded)	118–125 (bounded)

8 reference units; 1 sampling family. Counts describe evidence units, not independent studies or certainty.

Contributing family	Reference units	Weight
WHO GEMS/Food	8	100%

Methods

HMI pools subgroup medians for celery, as sold on a dry weight basis: monitoring results summarized as one median per reporting region, sampling type and collection year, total diet composites and printed sample values as single observations, and printed subgroup medians from ordinary farms or markets. Each sampling family has equal total weight. Non-detects stay as zero-to-limit intervals, so quartiles carry lower and upper bounds. Means, ranges and maxima never enter as observations. Other forms, other bases, targeted sampling and results from mining, industrial, wastewater-affected, experimental, fertiliser or manufacturer settings are kept out of this reference.

Inverse weighted empirical CDF; midpoint at exact cumulative-weight boundaries. At least four reference units and a definitely positive Q1 to Q3 spread are required. This is a display eligibility rule, not statistical validation.

Limitations

WHO GEMS/Food is the only compatible sampling family for celery, as sold on this basis in the completed celery ledger, so this single-family reference cannot represent other markets. Reporting regions and purchase markets are not growing areas. Non-detects with differing limits widen the bounds. A position is descriptive concentration, not a safety or compliance judgment.

Admitted source families

WHO GEMS/Food

Reference version and interpretation

Frozen evidence selection: 2026-10-22. Method: hmi-pooled-reference-v2.

hmi-pooled-reference-v2:celery-1abad7aa174c:750be182b5b8

The reference is computed by HMI from admitted evidence, not copied from a study baseline. It describes the evidence currently in this scope; it is not a worldwide or current-lot benchmark. Source, year and region filters do not change it. Different HMI scopes are not one common ranking.

HMI celery Cd reference · Celery, as sold

Reference and scope

HMI celery Cd reference · Celery, as sold. Celery, as sold; As sold, as eaten or fresh weight, µg/kg; no moisture conversion. Distribution of subgroup median concentration values.

Reference (µg/kg)	Q1	Median	Q3
Primary HMI reference	16	21	38
Alternative weighting	16	21	38

95 reference units; 3 sampling families. Counts describe evidence units, not independent studies or certainty.

Contributing family	Reference units	Weight
WHO GEMS/Food	67	33%
FDA Total Diet Study	27	33%
Dearing et al. 2025	1	33%

Methods

HMI pools subgroup medians for celery, as sold on a as sold, as eaten or fresh weight basis: monitoring results summarized as one median per reporting region, sampling type and collection year, total diet composites and printed sample values as single observations, and printed subgroup medians from ordinary farms or markets. Each sampling family has equal total weight. Non-detects stay as zero-to-limit intervals, so quartiles carry lower and upper bounds. Means, ranges and maxima never enter as observations. Other forms, other bases, targeted sampling and results from mining, industrial, wastewater-affected, experimental, fertiliser or manufacturer settings are kept out of this reference.

Inverse weighted empirical CDF; midpoint at exact cumulative-weight boundaries. At least four reference units and a definitely positive Q1 to Q3 spread are required. This is a display eligibility rule, not statistical validation.

Limitations

3 sampling families with different designs; none is a probability sample of world supply. Reporting regions and purchase markets are not growing areas. Non-detects with differing limits widen the bounds. A position is descriptive concentration, not a safety or compliance judgment.

Admitted source families

Reference version and interpretation

Frozen evidence selection: 2026-10-22. Method: hmi-pooled-reference-v2.

hmi-pooled-reference-v2:celery-66ec07dda65c:e702d2fddd30

The reference is computed by HMI from admitted evidence, not copied from a study baseline. It describes the evidence currently in this scope; it is not a worldwide or current-lot benchmark. Source, year and region filters do not change it. Different HMI scopes are not one common ranking.

HMI celery Cd reference · Celery, as sold, dry weight

Reference and scope

HMI celery Cd reference · Celery, as sold, dry weight. Celery, as sold; Dry weight, µg/kg; no moisture conversion. Distribution of subgroup median concentration values.

Reference (µg/kg)	Q1	Median	Q3
Primary HMI reference	≤50	360	590
Alternative weighting	≤50	360	590

9 reference units; 1 sampling family. Counts describe evidence units, not independent studies or certainty.

Contributing family	Reference units	Weight
WHO GEMS/Food	9	100%

Methods

HMI pools subgroup medians for celery, as sold on a dry weight basis: monitoring results summarized as one median per reporting region, sampling type and collection year, total diet composites and printed sample values as single observations, and printed subgroup medians from ordinary farms or markets. Each sampling family has equal total weight. Non-detects stay as zero-to-limit intervals, so quartiles carry lower and upper bounds. Means, ranges and maxima never enter as observations. Other forms, other bases, targeted sampling and results from mining, industrial, wastewater-affected, experimental, fertiliser or manufacturer settings are kept out of this reference.

Inverse weighted empirical CDF; midpoint at exact cumulative-weight boundaries. At least four reference units and a definitely positive Q1 to Q3 spread are required. This is a display eligibility rule, not statistical validation.

Limitations

WHO GEMS/Food is the only compatible sampling family for celery, as sold on this basis in the completed celery ledger, so this single-family reference cannot represent other markets. Reporting regions and purchase markets are not growing areas. Non-detects with differing limits widen the bounds. A position is descriptive concentration, not a safety or compliance judgment.

Admitted source families

WHO GEMS/Food

Reference version and interpretation

Frozen evidence selection: 2026-10-22. Method: hmi-pooled-reference-v2.

hmi-pooled-reference-v2:celery-2c7f23535315:587877a03a7a

The reference is computed by HMI from admitted evidence, not copied from a study baseline. It describes the evidence currently in this scope; it is not a worldwide or current-lot benchmark. Source, year and region filters do not change it. Different HMI scopes are not one common ranking.

HMI celery tAs reference · Celery, as sold

Reference and scope

HMI celery tAs reference · Celery, as sold. Celery, as sold; As sold, as eaten or fresh weight, µg/kg; no moisture conversion. Distribution of subgroup median concentration values.

Reference (µg/kg)	Q1	Median	Q3
Primary HMI reference	≤3	≤3.5	4.1–14.1 (bounded)
Alternative weighting	≤3	≤3.5	4.1–9.15 (bounded)

60 reference units; 2 sampling families. Counts describe evidence units, not independent studies or certainty.

Contributing family	Reference units	Weight
WHO GEMS/Food	33	50%
FDA Total Diet Study	27	50%

Methods

HMI pools subgroup medians for celery, as sold on a as sold, as eaten or fresh weight basis: monitoring results summarized as one median per reporting region, sampling type and collection year, total diet composites and printed sample values as single observations, and printed subgroup medians from ordinary farms or markets. Each sampling family has equal total weight. Non-detects stay as zero-to-limit intervals, so quartiles carry lower and upper bounds. Means, ranges and maxima never enter as observations. Other forms, other bases, targeted sampling and results from mining, industrial, wastewater-affected, experimental, fertiliser or manufacturer settings are kept out of this reference.

Inverse weighted empirical CDF; midpoint at exact cumulative-weight boundaries. At least four reference units and a definitely positive Q1 to Q3 spread are required. This is a display eligibility rule, not statistical validation.

Limitations

2 sampling families with different designs; none is a probability sample of world supply. Reporting regions and purchase markets are not growing areas. Non-detects with differing limits widen the bounds. A position is descriptive concentration, not a safety or compliance judgment.

Admitted source families

Reference version and interpretation

Frozen evidence selection: 2026-10-22. Method: hmi-pooled-reference-v2.

hmi-pooled-reference-v2:celery-e72bb710b86b:17259115515c

The reference is computed by HMI from admitted evidence, not copied from a study baseline. It describes the evidence currently in this scope; it is not a worldwide or current-lot benchmark. Source, year and region filters do not change it. Different HMI scopes are not one common ranking.

HMI celery iAs reference · Celery, as sold

Reference and scope

HMI celery iAs reference · Celery, as sold. Celery, as sold; As sold, as eaten or fresh weight, µg/kg; no moisture conversion. Distribution of subgroup median concentration values.

Reference (µg/kg)	Q1	Median	Q3
Primary HMI reference	2.5–4 (bounded)	2.5–4 (bounded)	2.5–4 (bounded)
Alternative weighting	2.5–4 (bounded)	2.5–4 (bounded)	2.5–4 (bounded)

1 reference units; 1 sampling family. Counts describe evidence units, not independent studies or certainty.

Contributing family	Reference units	Weight
WHO GEMS/Food	1	100%

Methods

HMI pools subgroup medians for celery, as sold on a as sold, as eaten or fresh weight basis: monitoring results summarized as one median per reporting region, sampling type and collection year, total diet composites and printed sample values as single observations, and printed subgroup medians from ordinary farms or markets. Each sampling family has equal total weight. Non-detects stay as zero-to-limit intervals, so quartiles carry lower and upper bounds. Means, ranges and maxima never enter as observations. Other forms, other bases, targeted sampling and results from mining, industrial, wastewater-affected, experimental, fertiliser or manufacturer settings are kept out of this reference.

Inverse weighted empirical CDF; midpoint at exact cumulative-weight boundaries. At least four reference units and a definitely positive Q1 to Q3 spread are required. This is a display eligibility rule, not statistical validation.

Limitations

WHO GEMS/Food is the only compatible sampling family for celery, as sold on this basis in the completed celery ledger, so this single-family reference cannot represent other markets. Reporting regions and purchase markets are not growing areas. Non-detects with differing limits widen the bounds. A position is descriptive concentration, not a safety or compliance judgment.

Admitted source families

WHO GEMS/Food

Reference version and interpretation

Frozen evidence selection: 2026-10-22. Method: hmi-pooled-reference-v2.

hmi-pooled-reference-v2:celery-78366e3f687a:6b40644914b6

The reference is computed by HMI from admitted evidence, not copied from a study baseline. It describes the evidence currently in this scope; it is not a worldwide or current-lot benchmark. Source, year and region filters do not change it. Different HMI scopes are not one common ranking.

HMI celery tHg reference · Celery, as sold

Reference and scope

HMI celery tHg reference · Celery, as sold. Celery, as sold; As sold, as eaten or fresh weight, µg/kg; no moisture conversion. Distribution of subgroup median concentration values.

Reference (µg/kg)	Q1	Median	Q3
Primary HMI reference	≤0.5	≤1	0.28–1 (bounded)
Alternative weighting	≤0.5	≤1	0.265–1 (bounded)

48 reference units; 3 sampling families. Counts describe evidence units, not independent studies or certainty.

Contributing family	Reference units	Weight
WHO GEMS/Food	19	33%
FDA Total Diet Study	27	33%
Dabeka et al. 2003	2	33%

Methods

HMI pools subgroup medians for celery, as sold on a as sold, as eaten or fresh weight basis: monitoring results summarized as one median per reporting region, sampling type and collection year, total diet composites and printed sample values as single observations, and printed subgroup medians from ordinary farms or markets. Each sampling family has equal total weight. Non-detects stay as zero-to-limit intervals, so quartiles carry lower and upper bounds. Means, ranges and maxima never enter as observations. Other forms, other bases, targeted sampling and results from mining, industrial, wastewater-affected, experimental, fertiliser or manufacturer settings are kept out of this reference.

Inverse weighted empirical CDF; midpoint at exact cumulative-weight boundaries. At least four reference units and a definitely positive Q1 to Q3 spread are required. This is a display eligibility rule, not statistical validation.

Limitations

3 sampling families with different designs; none is a probability sample of world supply. Reporting regions and purchase markets are not growing areas. Non-detects with differing limits widen the bounds. A position is descriptive concentration, not a safety or compliance judgment.

Admitted source families

Reference version and interpretation

Frozen evidence selection: 2026-10-22. Method: hmi-pooled-reference-v2.

hmi-pooled-reference-v2:celery-1328c540185c:c0c012f3383e

The reference is computed by HMI from admitted evidence, not copied from a study baseline. It describes the evidence currently in this scope; it is not a worldwide or current-lot benchmark. Source, year and region filters do not change it. Different HMI scopes are not one common ranking.

HMI celery Ni reference · Celery, as sold

Reference and scope

HMI celery Ni reference · Celery, as sold. Celery, as sold; As sold, as eaten or fresh weight, µg/kg; no moisture conversion. Distribution of subgroup median concentration values.

Reference (µg/kg)	Q1	Median	Q3
Primary HMI reference	≤27	27–33.5 (bounded)	27–40 (bounded)
Alternative weighting	≤27	27–33.5 (bounded)	27–40 (bounded)

28 reference units; 2 sampling families. Counts describe evidence units, not independent studies or certainty.

Contributing family	Reference units	Weight
FDA Total Diet Study	27	50%
Dearing et al. 2025	1	50%

Methods

HMI pools subgroup medians for celery, as sold on a as sold, as eaten or fresh weight basis: monitoring results summarized as one median per reporting region, sampling type and collection year, total diet composites and printed sample values as single observations, and printed subgroup medians from ordinary farms or markets. Each sampling family has equal total weight. Non-detects stay as zero-to-limit intervals, so quartiles carry lower and upper bounds. Means, ranges and maxima never enter as observations. Other forms, other bases, targeted sampling and results from mining, industrial, wastewater-affected, experimental, fertiliser or manufacturer settings are kept out of this reference.

Inverse weighted empirical CDF; midpoint at exact cumulative-weight boundaries. At least four reference units and a definitely positive Q1 to Q3 spread are required. This is a display eligibility rule, not statistical validation.

Limitations

2 sampling families with different designs; none is a probability sample of world supply. Reporting regions and purchase markets are not growing areas. Non-detects with differing limits widen the bounds. A position is descriptive concentration, not a safety or compliance judgment.

Admitted source families

Reference version and interpretation

Frozen evidence selection: 2026-10-22. Method: hmi-pooled-reference-v2.

hmi-pooled-reference-v2:celery-e354b80999db:5cff0a7f4f00

The reference is computed by HMI from admitted evidence, not copied from a study baseline. It describes the evidence currently in this scope; it is not a worldwide or current-lot benchmark. Source, year and region filters do not change it. Different HMI scopes are not one common ranking.

HMI celery Cr reference · Celery, as sold

Reference and scope

HMI celery Cr reference · Celery, as sold. Celery, as sold; As sold, as eaten or fresh weight, µg/kg; no moisture conversion. Distribution of subgroup median concentration values.

Reference (µg/kg)	Q1	Median	Q3
Primary HMI reference	≤50	≤50	≤50
Alternative weighting	≤50	≤50	≤50

27 reference units; 1 sampling family. Counts describe evidence units, not independent studies or certainty.

Contributing family	Reference units	Weight
FDA Total Diet Study	27	100%

Methods

HMI pools subgroup medians for celery, as sold on a as sold, as eaten or fresh weight basis: monitoring results summarized as one median per reporting region, sampling type and collection year, total diet composites and printed sample values as single observations, and printed subgroup medians from ordinary farms or markets. Each sampling family has equal total weight. Non-detects stay as zero-to-limit intervals, so quartiles carry lower and upper bounds. Means, ranges and maxima never enter as observations. Other forms, other bases, targeted sampling and results from mining, industrial, wastewater-affected, experimental, fertiliser or manufacturer settings are kept out of this reference.

Inverse weighted empirical CDF; midpoint at exact cumulative-weight boundaries. At least four reference units and a definitely positive Q1 to Q3 spread are required. This is a display eligibility rule, not statistical validation.

Limitations

FDA Total Diet Study is the only compatible sampling family for celery, as sold on this basis in the completed celery ledger, so this single-family reference cannot represent other markets. Reporting regions and purchase markets are not growing areas. Non-detects with differing limits widen the bounds. A position is descriptive concentration, not a safety or compliance judgment.

Admitted source families

FDA Total Diet Study

Reference version and interpretation

Frozen evidence selection: 2026-10-22. Method: hmi-pooled-reference-v2.

hmi-pooled-reference-v2:celery-7ea871e02bb5:0b9ecb078d80

The reference is computed by HMI from admitted evidence, not copied from a study baseline. It describes the evidence currently in this scope; it is not a worldwide or current-lot benchmark. Source, year and region filters do not change it. Different HMI scopes are not one common ranking.

HMI celery Al reference · Celery, as sold

Reference and scope

HMI celery Al reference · Celery, as sold. Celery, as sold; As sold, as eaten or fresh weight, µg/kg; no moisture conversion. Distribution of subgroup median concentration values.

Reference (µg/kg)	Q1	Median	Q3
Primary HMI reference	570	585–703 (bounded)	1370
Alternative weighting	570	585–703 (bounded)	1370

3 reference units; 1 sampling family. Counts describe evidence units, not independent studies or certainty.

Contributing family	Reference units	Weight
WHO GEMS/Food	3	100%

Methods

HMI pools subgroup medians for celery, as sold on a as sold, as eaten or fresh weight basis: monitoring results summarized as one median per reporting region, sampling type and collection year, total diet composites and printed sample values as single observations, and printed subgroup medians from ordinary farms or markets. Each sampling family has equal total weight. Non-detects stay as zero-to-limit intervals, so quartiles carry lower and upper bounds. Means, ranges and maxima never enter as observations. Other forms, other bases, targeted sampling and results from mining, industrial, wastewater-affected, experimental, fertiliser or manufacturer settings are kept out of this reference.

Inverse weighted empirical CDF; midpoint at exact cumulative-weight boundaries. At least four reference units and a definitely positive Q1 to Q3 spread are required. This is a display eligibility rule, not statistical validation.

Limitations

WHO GEMS/Food is the only compatible sampling family for celery, as sold on this basis in the completed celery ledger, so this single-family reference cannot represent other markets. Reporting regions and purchase markets are not growing areas. Non-detects with differing limits widen the bounds. A position is descriptive concentration, not a safety or compliance judgment.

Admitted source families

WHO GEMS/Food

Reference version and interpretation

Frozen evidence selection: 2026-10-22. Method: hmi-pooled-reference-v2.

hmi-pooled-reference-v2:celery-7270abe916d6:adc2cffae635

The reference is computed by HMI from admitted evidence, not copied from a study baseline. It describes the evidence currently in this scope; it is not a worldwide or current-lot benchmark. Source, year and region filters do not change it. Different HMI scopes are not one common ranking.

HMI celery Sn reference · Celery, as sold

Reference and scope

HMI celery Sn reference · Celery, as sold. Celery, as sold; As sold, as eaten or fresh weight, µg/kg; no moisture conversion. Distribution of subgroup median concentration values.

Reference (µg/kg)	Q1	Median	Q3
Primary HMI reference	0.97–6.35 (bounded)	7.31–11.3 (bounded)	16.9
Alternative weighting	0.97–6.35 (bounded)	7.31–11.3 (bounded)	16.9

4 reference units; 1 sampling family. Counts describe evidence units, not independent studies or certainty.

Contributing family	Reference units	Weight
WHO GEMS/Food	4	100%

Methods

HMI pools subgroup medians for celery, as sold on a as sold, as eaten or fresh weight basis: monitoring results summarized as one median per reporting region, sampling type and collection year, total diet composites and printed sample values as single observations, and printed subgroup medians from ordinary farms or markets. Each sampling family has equal total weight. Non-detects stay as zero-to-limit intervals, so quartiles carry lower and upper bounds. Means, ranges and maxima never enter as observations. Other forms, other bases, targeted sampling and results from mining, industrial, wastewater-affected, experimental, fertiliser or manufacturer settings are kept out of this reference.

Inverse weighted empirical CDF; midpoint at exact cumulative-weight boundaries. At least four reference units and a definitely positive Q1 to Q3 spread are required. This is a display eligibility rule, not statistical validation.

Limitations

WHO GEMS/Food is the only compatible sampling family for celery, as sold on this basis in the completed celery ledger, so this single-family reference cannot represent other markets. Reporting regions and purchase markets are not growing areas. Non-detects with differing limits widen the bounds. A position is descriptive concentration, not a safety or compliance judgment.

Admitted source families

WHO GEMS/Food

Reference version and interpretation

Frozen evidence selection: 2026-10-22. Method: hmi-pooled-reference-v2.

hmi-pooled-reference-v2:celery-27ecca3ca80a:7d848bf06259

The reference is computed by HMI from admitted evidence, not copied from a study baseline. It describes the evidence currently in this scope; it is not a worldwide or current-lot benchmark. Source, year and region filters do not change it. Different HMI scopes are not one common ranking.

HMI celery U reference · Celery, as sold

Reference and scope

HMI celery U reference · Celery, as sold. Celery, as sold; As sold, as eaten or fresh weight, µg/kg; no moisture conversion. Distribution of subgroup median concentration values.

Reference (µg/kg)	Q1	Median	Q3
Primary HMI reference	≤1	≤1	≤1
Alternative weighting	≤1	≤1	≤1

27 reference units; 1 sampling family. Counts describe evidence units, not independent studies or certainty.

Contributing family	Reference units	Weight
FDA Total Diet Study	27	100%

Methods

HMI pools subgroup medians for celery, as sold on a as sold, as eaten or fresh weight basis: monitoring results summarized as one median per reporting region, sampling type and collection year, total diet composites and printed sample values as single observations, and printed subgroup medians from ordinary farms or markets. Each sampling family has equal total weight. Non-detects stay as zero-to-limit intervals, so quartiles carry lower and upper bounds. Means, ranges and maxima never enter as observations. Other forms, other bases, targeted sampling and results from mining, industrial, wastewater-affected, experimental, fertiliser or manufacturer settings are kept out of this reference.

Inverse weighted empirical CDF; midpoint at exact cumulative-weight boundaries. At least four reference units and a definitely positive Q1 to Q3 spread are required. This is a display eligibility rule, not statistical validation.

Limitations

FDA Total Diet Study is the only compatible sampling family for celery, as sold on this basis in the completed celery ledger, so this single-family reference cannot represent other markets. Reporting regions and purchase markets are not growing areas. Non-detects with differing limits widen the bounds. A position is descriptive concentration, not a safety or compliance judgment.

Admitted source families

FDA Total Diet Study

Reference version and interpretation

Frozen evidence selection: 2026-10-22. Method: hmi-pooled-reference-v2.

hmi-pooled-reference-v2:celery-b7f2d1681261:9ec454dd3300

The reference is computed by HMI from admitted evidence, not copied from a study baseline. It describes the evidence currently in this scope; it is not a worldwide or current-lot benchmark. Source, year and region filters do not change it. Different HMI scopes are not one common ranking.

How metals reach celery

The evidence on how metals reach celery comes from studies that compared exposed and ordinary settings. Celery, as sold from fresh product, Poland retail/official control had cadmium higher at 152 µg/kg, against 44 µg/kg for frozen product, Poland retail/official control in the same study.^{7Rusin M, Domagalska J, Rogala D, Razzaghi M, Szymala I · 2021Concentration of cadmium and lead in vegetables and fruitsScientific ReportsRead source →}

These are observational comparisons from single studies; the size of the difference depends on the site, metal and distance.

Which forms and regions measured lower

The HMI reference for lead in celery, as sold pools 105 subgroup units from 3 sampling families, with a median of below 4 µg/kg and a middle half spanning below 4 (lower quartile) and below 5 µg/kg (upper quartile).^{1World Health Organization · 2026GEMS/Food Contaminants database heavy-metal exportsGEMS/Food Contamination Monitoring and Assessment ProgrammeRead source →}^{2U.S. Food and Drug Administration · 2022FY2018-FY2020 TDS Elements Analytical ResultsFDA Total Diet StudyRead source →}^{11Spungen JH, et al. · 2024Infants’ and young children’s dietary exposures to lead and cadmium: FDA total diet study 2018-2020Food Additives & Contaminants: Part ARead source →} For lead in celery, as sold, the reference median was between 61.5 and 100 µg/kg, with a middle half from below 78 to between 118 and 125 µg/kg across 8 units.^{1World Health Organization · 2026GEMS/Food Contaminants database heavy-metal exportsGEMS/Food Contamination Monitoring and Assessment ProgrammeRead source →} For cadmium in celery, as sold, the reference median was 21 µg/kg, with a middle half from 16 to 38 µg/kg across 95 units.^{1World Health Organization · 2026GEMS/Food Contaminants database heavy-metal exportsGEMS/Food Contamination Monitoring and Assessment ProgrammeRead source →}^{2U.S. Food and Drug Administration · 2022FY2018-FY2020 TDS Elements Analytical ResultsFDA Total Diet StudyRead source →}^{8Dearing C, Ye Z, Robertshaw G · 2025Assessment of Heavy Metals in Organic and Non-Organic Vegetables Post Severe Tropical Cyclone Gabrielle: A cross-sectional comparative analysisF1000ResearchRead source →}

Among GEMS/Food reporting regions, celery, as sold had the lowest lead subgroup median in WPRO (3 µg/kg) and the highest in PAHO (620 µg/kg); reporting regions are markets, not growing areas.^{1World Health Organization · 2026GEMS/Food Contaminants database heavy-metal exportsGEMS/Food Contamination Monitoring and Assessment ProgrammeRead source →} For cadmium, the lowest regional median was in WPRO (10 µg/kg) and the highest in EURO (640 µg/kg).^{1World Health Organization · 2026GEMS/Food Contaminants database heavy-metal exportsGEMS/Food Contamination Monitoring and Assessment ProgrammeRead source →}

Targeted celery, as sold samples in EURO had cadmium higher at 39 µg/kg, against 11 µg/kg for EURO in the same study.^{1World Health Organization · 2026GEMS/Food Contaminants database heavy-metal exportsGEMS/Food Contamination Monitoring and Assessment ProgrammeRead source →} In another study, targeted celery, as sold samples in WPRO had cadmium lower at 8 µg/kg, against 53 µg/kg for WPRO in the same study.^{1World Health Organization · 2026GEMS/Food Contaminants database heavy-metal exportsGEMS/Food Contamination Monitoring and Assessment ProgrammeRead source →}

Processing, cooking and preparation

No processing study for metals in this food is in the library yet.

Mitigation for celery

Lot testing against the applicable limit is the check that can be verified.

No measured way to lower metals in this food is in the library yet.

Trade-offs and limits of controls

Avoiding exposed growing areas lowered the metal measured in the studies available, but no study measured the cost or supply effect of doing so.^{7Rusin M, Domagalska J, Rogala D, Razzaghi M, Szymala I · 2021Concentration of cadmium and lead in vegetables and fruitsScientific ReportsRead source →} Metals do not move together, so a lot that passes a lead limit says little about cadmium, arsenic or nickel unless those are tested as well.

Testing celery for metals

Results depend on the method and its reporting limit. Reporting limits for lead ranged from 2 µg/kg (WHO GEMS/Food) to 3,000 µg/kg (WHO GEMS/Food), so a non-detect from a less sensitive method says much less.^{1World Health Organization · 2026GEMS/Food Contaminants database heavy-metal exportsGEMS/Food Contamination Monitoring and Assessment ProgrammeRead source →} Reporting limits for cadmium ranged from 0.5 µg/kg (WHO GEMS/Food) to 50 µg/kg (WHO GEMS/Food), so a non-detect from a less sensitive method says much less.^{1World Health Organization · 2026GEMS/Food Contaminants database heavy-metal exportsGEMS/Food Contamination Monitoring and Assessment ProgrammeRead source →} Reporting limits for total arsenic ranged from 3 µg/kg (FDA Total Diet Study) to 500 µg/kg (WHO GEMS/Food), so a non-detect from a less sensitive method says much less.^{1World Health Organization · 2026GEMS/Food Contaminants database heavy-metal exportsGEMS/Food Contamination Monitoring and Assessment ProgrammeRead source →}^{2U.S. Food and Drug Administration · 2022FY2018-FY2020 TDS Elements Analytical ResultsFDA Total Diet StudyRead source →}

A useful lot result names the form, the basis and a quantification limit well below the limit that applies.

Buying and verifying celery

No maximum level for metals in celery was verified from primary text for this page; buyers should confirm the limit that applies in the destination market.

Exposure from celery

No source in the library converted celery concentrations into a verified estimate of intake for a defined population. Concentrations describe the food, not individual risk.

Evidence review and remaining gaps

Every source record that names celery was decided on its content: 23 occurrence extracted, 23 records in all. The occurrence table renders every extracted result; held values remain visible with their reason.

References identify the sources used in these answers. The Sources index preserves additional discovery links; inclusion there does not mean a source has been reviewed for this assessment. Corrections, completed searches, new direct evidence and changes in requirements should reopen the relevant answer.

Celery FAQs

What heavy metals are found in celery?

The library reports lead, cadmium, total arsenic, inorganic arsenic, total mercury, nickel, chromium, aluminium, tin, antimony, uranium, Co, Cu, Fe, Mn, Zn, V, As and Mo in celery, most often lead, cadmium and total arsenic.^{1World Health Organization · 2026GEMS/Food Contaminants database heavy-metal exportsGEMS/Food Contamination Monitoring and Assessment ProgrammeRead source →}^{2U.S. Food and Drug Administration · 2022FY2018-FY2020 TDS Elements Analytical ResultsFDA Total Diet StudyRead source →}^{3Bora FD, Bunea A, Pop SR, Banita SI, Dusa DS, Chira A, Bunea CI · 2022Quantification and Reduction in Heavy Metal Residues in Some Fruits and Vegetables: A Case Study Galați County, RomaniaHorticulturaeRead source →}^{4Ćwieląg-Drabek, M., Piekut, A., Gut, K., Grabowski, M. · 2020Risk of cadmium, lead and zinc exposure from consumption of vegetables produced in areas with mining and smelting pastScientific ReportsRead source →} WHO GEMS/Food submissions reported lead in celery, as sold from 1,027 results in 4 reporting regions, with subgroup medians from 3 to 620 µg/kg.^{1World Health Organization · 2026GEMS/Food Contaminants database heavy-metal exportsGEMS/Food Contamination Monitoring and Assessment ProgrammeRead source →}

How do heavy metals get into celery?

In the studies available, celery from contaminated or exposed settings carried more metal than celery from the same study’s control.^{7Rusin M, Domagalska J, Rogala D, Razzaghi M, Szymala I · 2021Concentration of cadmium and lead in vegetables and fruitsScientific ReportsRead source →} Celery, as sold from frozen product, Poland retail/official control had lead higher at 64 µg/kg, against 31 µg/kg for fresh product, Poland retail/official control in the same study.^{7Rusin M, Domagalska J, Rogala D, Razzaghi M, Szymala I · 2021Concentration of cadmium and lead in vegetables and fruitsScientific ReportsRead source →}

Which regions report the lowest levels in celery?

Among GEMS/Food reporting regions, celery, as sold had the lowest lead subgroup median in WPRO (3 µg/kg) and the highest in PAHO (620 µg/kg); reporting regions are markets, not growing areas.^{1World Health Organization · 2026GEMS/Food Contaminants database heavy-metal exportsGEMS/Food Contamination Monitoring and Assessment ProgrammeRead source →} For cadmium, the lowest regional median was in WPRO (10 µg/kg) and the highest in EURO (640 µg/kg).^{1World Health Organization · 2026GEMS/Food Contaminants database heavy-metal exportsGEMS/Food Contamination Monitoring and Assessment ProgrammeRead source →}

How much of the arsenic in celery is inorganic?

Inorganic arsenic, the more toxic form, was measured in 3 results from 3 sources, far fewer than total arsenic.^{1World Health Organization · 2026GEMS/Food Contaminants database heavy-metal exportsGEMS/Food Contamination Monitoring and Assessment ProgrammeRead source →}^{12Centre for Food Safety FEHD HKSAR · 2012The First Hong Kong Total Diet Study: Inorganic ArsenicCentre for Food Safety, Food and Environmental Hygiene Department, Government of the Hong Kong Special Administrative RegionRead source →}^{13European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) · 2014Dietary exposure to inorganic arsenic in the European populationEFSA Journal 2014;12(3):3597Read source →} Across 2 other studies of ordinary farms and markets, reported inorganic arsenic means and medians with the basis not stated ranged from 4 µg/kg (Centre for Food Safety FEHD HKSAR 2012) to 10.9 µg/kg (European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) 2014).^{12Centre for Food Safety FEHD HKSAR · 2012The First Hong Kong Total Diet Study: Inorganic ArsenicCentre for Food Safety, Food and Environmental Hygiene Department, Government of the Hong Kong Special Administrative RegionRead source →}^{13European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) · 2014Dietary exposure to inorganic arsenic in the European populationEFSA Journal 2014;12(3):3597Read source →}

References

Works cited on this page, in citation-number order. See Sources for this page’s source inventory. Each title links to a source record with bibliographic details, reported findings, and document provenance.

GEMS/Food Contaminants database heavy-metal exportsWorld Health Organization · GEMS/Food Contamination Monitoring and Assessment Programme · 2026 · extranet.who.intDataset
FY2018-FY2020 TDS Elements Analytical ResultsU.S. Food and Drug Administration · FDA Total Diet Study · 2022 · www.fda.govDataset
Quantification and Reduction in Heavy Metal Residues in Some Fruits and Vegetables: A Case Study Galați County, RomaniaBora FD, Bunea A, Pop SR, Banita SI, Dusa DS, Chira A, et al. · Horticulturae · 2022 · doi.org/10.3390/horticulturae8111034Peer-reviewed
Risk of cadmium, lead and zinc exposure from consumption of vegetables produced in areas with mining and smelting pastĆwieląg-Drabek, M., Piekut, A., Gut, K., and Grabowski, M. · Scientific Reports · 2020 · doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-60386-8Peer-reviewed
Heavy metals in vegetables and potential risk for human healthGuerra F, Trevizam AR, Muraoka T, Marcante NC, and Canniatti-Brazaca SG · Scientia Agricola 69(1):54-60 · 2012 · doi.org/10.1590/s0103-90162012000100008Peer-reviewed
HEAVY METALS ACCUMULATION IN SOIL AND CELERY ROOT (APIUM GRAVEOLENS L.) HARVESTED FROM THE POLLUTED AREAS IN SIBIU COUNTY, CENTRAL ROMANIABogdan Ștefan Oprea, Nicoleta Olimpia Vrînceanu, Dumitru-Marian Motelică, Georgiana Iuliana Plopeanu, Vera Carabulea, and Mihaela Costea · Annals of the University of Craiova—Agriculture,Montanology,Cadastre52(1):422–429 · 2022 · doi.org/10.52846/aamc.v52i1.1370Peer-reviewed
Concentration of cadmium and lead in vegetables and fruitsRusin M, Domagalska J, Rogala D, Razzaghi M, and Szymala I · Scientific Reports · 2021 · doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-91554-zPeer-reviewed
Assessment of Heavy Metals in Organic and Non-Organic Vegetables Post Severe Tropical Cyclone Gabrielle: A cross-sectional comparative analysisDearing C, Ye Z, and Robertshaw G · F1000Research · 2025 · doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.175538.1Peer-reviewed
Assessment of Heavy Metals Concentration and Health Risks of Selected Vegetables Sold In Jos MetropolisAdeniyi O, Bayo D, Adeniyi A, and Okeke-Agulu K · Archives of Medical Case Reports and Case Study 4(5) · 2021 · doi.org/10.31579/2694-0248/072Peer-reviewed
Determination of some heavy metals and their potential risk in selected vegetables on sale within Kaduna Metropolis, Kaduna State, NigeriaImongben CO, Tomori WB, Umoru PE, and Oyerinde WA · World Nutrition · 2026 · doi.org/10.26596/wn.20261718-18Peer-reviewed
Infants’ and young children’s dietary exposures to lead and cadmium: FDA total diet study 2018-2020Spungen JH and et al. · Food Additives & Contaminants: Part A · 2024 · doi.org/10.1080/19440049.2024.2396910Peer-reviewed
The First Hong Kong Total Diet Study: Inorganic ArsenicCentre for Food Safety FEHD HKSAR · Centre for Food Safety, Food and Environmental Hygiene Department, Government of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region · 2012 · www.cfs.gov.hkGovernment
Dietary exposure to inorganic arsenic in the European populationEuropean Food Safety Authority (EFSA) · EFSA Journal 2014;12(3):3597 · 2014 · doi.org/10.2903/j.efsa.2014.3597Government

Sources

Browse Celery Sources for sources cited on this page and additional discovery candidates. The searchable index distinguishes verified citation use from discovery relationships whose relevance has not been established.

Update history

22 October 2026: Rebuilt from every celery record in the library: 23 occurrence sources, references by form and basis, same-study contrasts.

Referenced by

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European Food Safety Authority

Heavy metals in Celery

Celery overview

What counts as celery

Heavy metal contamination profile of celery

How metals reach celery

Which forms and regions measured lower

Processing, cooking and preparation

Mitigation for celery

Trade-offs and limits of controls

Testing celery for metals

Buying and verifying celery

Exposure from celery

Evidence review and remaining gaps

Celery FAQs

References

Sources

Update history

Related ingredients

Referenced by

Graph View