Domagalska et al. 2025 - Heavy metals in instant coffee beverages
This Polish market study measured Cd, Pb, Ni, Zn, total As, and Cr in 50 instant coffee beverage products. It is routeable for instant-coffee occurrence evidence because the paper reports concentrations and health-risk calculations for coffee beverages.
Key numbers
- Fifty instant coffee beverage samples were grouped by soluble coffee content, manufacturer, and country of origin.
- Pb was below the limit of quantification in all samples.
- Cd was detected in one sample at 0.02 mg/kg, and total As was detected in one sample at 0.58 mg/kg; most samples were below LOQ for Pb, Cd, and As.
- LOQs were 0.10 mg/kg for Pb, 0.01 mg/kg for Cd, and 0.48 mg/kg for As.
- Zn ranged from 0.70 to 10.86 mg/kg, with mean 3.24 mg/kg.
- Ni ranged from 0.21 to 2.85 mg/kg, with mean 0.37 mg/kg.
- Cr ranged from 0.22 to 0.52 mg/kg, with mean 0.29 mg/kg.
- The paper’s non-cancer risk calculation found HQ values below 1 for Zn, Ni, and Cr under the authors’ adult-consumer assumptions.
Methods
Zn, As, Cr, and Ni were measured by ICP-OES. Cd and Pb were measured by electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry. The paper reports concentrations in mg/kg.
Implications
The source supports coffee occurrence evidence for instant coffee beverages in Poland. Because Pb, Cd, and As were mostly censored below LOQ, extracted rows should preserve the censoring basis rather than treating non-detects as zero.
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Verification notes
The source reports total arsenic, not inorganic arsenic. Manufacturer and product identities were not transcribed.
Page history
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