Overview
Rubio-Armendáriz and colleagues analysed 221 cereal and cereal-product samples sold in the Canary Islands for aluminum, cadmium, chromium, nickel, lead and strontium by ICP-OES, with reference-material QA. Barley gofio had the highest lead and aluminum; wheat had the highest cadmium.
Key numbers
- Barley gofio: lead 0.520 mg/kg fresh weight, aluminum 29.5 mg/kg (Table 5, n = 5).
- Wheat: cadmium 0.040 ± 0.00 mg/kg, lead 0.070 ± 0.00 mg/kg fresh weight (Table 5, n = 4).
- Flour: cadmium 0.019 ± 0.01, lead 0.054 ± 0.05 mg/kg; corn: lead 0.050 ± 0.05 mg/kg (Table 5).
Methods (brief)
Monthly collection 2017 to 2019, triplicate microwave digestion and ICP-OES. LOQs are given in mg/L of solution. Recoveries from three NIST reference materials were 97.8 to 102.3 percent.
Evidence Fitness
Good QA and a fairly large sample, but small groups for wheat (4), barley gofio (5) and flour (9), and some suspect printed SDs (corn aluminum 28.1 ± 231). For wheat-cereal-biscuits this is a proxy: it measures wheat grain, flour and toasted cereal flours, not wheat cereal biscuits, so that page is not linked.
Related evidence
- Wheat
- Corn
- Cereals
- Toxic Metals in Cereals in Cape Verde: Risk Assessment Evaluation
- Lead
- Cadmium
- Aluminum
Update history
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