Overview
This provisional ingredient page records source-specific measurements for chicken broth. Its population contamination profile has not been synthesized. See Ingredients for the ingredient inventory.
Heavy metal contamination profile
| Analyte | Coverage | Typical (ppb) | Confidence | Key sources |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| lead (Pb) | pending | — | — | — |
| cadmium (Cd) | pending | — | — | — |
| inorganic arsenic (iAs) | pending | — | — | — |
| total arsenic (tAs) | pending | — | — | — |
| total mercury (tHg) | pending | — | — | — |
| nickel (Ni) | pending | — | — | — |
| aluminum (Al) | pending | — | — | — |
| chromium (Cr) | pending | — | — | — |
| tin (Sn) | pending | — | — | — |
| uranium (U) | pending | — | — | — |
The profile fields remain pending until an evidence synthesis supports a population estimate. Source observations are listed separately below.
Reported measurements
The population contamination profile on this page is unchanged. These notes do not set a typical value, an upper-tail value, or a certification limit.
Chicken stock powder, dry, as sold
Safwan and Amayreh measured chicken stock powders from the Jordanian market. This is dry stock powder, not prepared broth. Five chicken stock rows. The span of the central values is total chromium 0.281 to 0.451 mg/kg, cadmium 0.0042 to 0.0632 mg/kg, and lead ND to 0.645 mg/kg. One row prints the same ± 0.342 dispersion on several metals, copied as printed on the source note. The powder was later oven dried before ashing. Brand names are omitted. Mushroom soup and instant noodles in the same paper are not used. Chromium is total chromium. Assessment and health risk study of some heavy metals in instant soup and chicken stock products from Jordanian market
| Study | Design | Metal | Finding | Units and basis | n |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Assessment and health risk study of some heavy metals in instant soup and chicken stock products from Jordanian market | Five chicken stock powders | Lead | ND to 0.645 mg/kg | mg/kg, dry powder as sold | 5 |
| Assessment and health risk study of some heavy metals in instant soup and chicken stock products from Jordanian market | Five chicken stock powders | Cadmium | 0.0042 to 0.0632 mg/kg | mg/kg, dry powder as sold | 5 |
| Assessment and health risk study of some heavy metals in instant soup and chicken stock products from Jordanian market | Five chicken stock powders | Chromium | 0.281 to 0.451 mg/kg | mg/kg, total chromium, dry powder as sold | 5 |
Arsenic, mercury, nickel, aluminum, and tin are not in this chicken-stock span. Data gap for those metals. ND is not a measured zero.
Chicken broth, lead, cadmium, and why total chromium is a different question
Broth panels that report total chromium cannot be read as hexavalent chromium. The gut chromium experiment below used potassium dichromate by gavage. Lead and cadmium evidence is a human tooth-lead cohort and a mouse drinking-water study. A broth or bouillon supplier should report the chromium species the method actually measured, and should not attach a hexavalent-chromium microbiome result to a total-chromium cell.
Sitarik et al. 2020 measured tooth lead and stool microbiota at 1 month and 6 months in 146 maternal-child pairs in the Detroit-area WHEALS cohort. In utero tooth lead was associated with fungal community composition at 1 month. Lead was not associated with overall bacterial community structure. Taxon-level bacterial shifts were higher Collinsella at 1 month, higher Bilophila at 6 months, and lower Bacteroides. The direction is lead exposure toward microbiota composition. Tooth lead is a biomarker, not a concentration in this ingredient.
Zhang et al. 2015, per WikiBiome source summary, DOI 10.1021/acs.chemrestox.5b00237, gave mice 10 mg/L cadmium in drinking water for 10 weeks. Firmicutes and gamma-proteobacteria decreased in feces after 4 weeks, and Firmicutes decreased in cecum contents after 10 weeks. The direction is cadmium toward gut microbiota, alongside hepatic energy-metabolism changes in the same animals. The summary does not name a food.
Mu et al. 2023 gavaged mice with potassium dichromate at 75 mg/kg for 29 days (n = 60 across three groups). Hexavalent chromium lowered Chao1 diversity from 170.75 ± 15.79 to 87.00 ± 9.55 (p = 0.00029) and Shannon diversity from 4.64 ± 0.68 to 2.64 ± 0.64 (p = 0.0055). Escherichia_Shigella rose from 10.71 percent to 57.75 percent. Seaweed polysaccharide at 200 mg/kg partly reversed the shift. The direction is hexavalent chromium toward gut microbiota. The dose is a gavage dose. It is not a total-chromium concentration in food.
Study table
| Study | Model | Metal and dose | Main finding | Limitation |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sitarik et al. 2020 | Human infants; tooth lead and stool; n = 146 | Lead; tooth biomarker, not a food dose | Fungal composition at 1 month shifted; overall bacterial structure did not | Not this ingredient |
| Zhang et al. 2015 | Mice; drinking water; 10 weeks | Cadmium; 10 mg/L | Lower fecal Firmicutes and gamma-proteobacteria by 4 weeks | Per WikiBiome source summary; not this ingredient |
| Mu et al. 2023 | Mice; 29-day gavage; n = 60 | Hexavalent chromium as potassium dichromate; 75 mg/kg | Chao1 and Shannon fell; Escherichia_Shigella rose from 10.71 percent to 57.75 percent | Gavage dose; not total chromium in food |
What remains uncertain
The dichromate dose is 75 mg/kg by gavage for 29 days, which is not a broth concentration and not total chromium. No study cited here fed chicken broth or sequenced broth microbiota. Collagen and fat in broth are not factors in these three papers.
FDA TDS FY2018–FY2020 source observations
FDA measured the prepared foods named below. Each row describes that food and preparation, not every form of this ingredient. Values are µg/kg (ppb) on the FDA sample basis. ND means not detected; it is not a measured zero. Reporting limits can vary between composites. FY2018-FY2020 TDS Elements Analytical Results
| FDA food and preparation | Analyte | Composites | Detected | Detected concentrations (ppb) | Reporting limits (ppb) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 532: Broth, chicken, cartoned | tAs | 3 | 0 | ND in all composites | 3 |
| 532: Broth, chicken, cartoned | Cd | 3 | 0 | ND in all composites | 1 |
| 532: Broth, chicken, cartoned | Cr | 3 | 0 | ND in all composites | 50 |
| 532: Broth, chicken, cartoned | Pb | 3 | 0 | ND in all composites | 4 |
| 532: Broth, chicken, cartoned | tHg | 3 | 0 | ND in all composites | 1 |
| 532: Broth, chicken, cartoned | Ni | 3 | 0 | ND in all composites | 40 |
| 532: Broth, chicken, cartoned | U | 3 | 0 | ND in all composites | 1 |
References
Works cited in this page’s text, in first-appearance order. See Sources for this page’s source inventory. Each title links to a source record with bibliographic details, reported findings, and document provenance.
- Assessment and health risk study of some heavy metals in instant soup and chicken stock products from Jordanian marketPeer-reviewed
- Fetal and early postnatal lead exposure measured in teeth associates with infant gut microbiotaPeer-reviewed
- Subchronic Exposure of Mice to Cadmium Perturbs Their Hepatic Energy Metabolism and Gut MicrobiomePeer-reviewed
- Seaweed polysaccharide relieves hexavalent chromium-induced gut microbial homeostasisPeer-reviewed
- FY2018-FY2020 TDS Elements Analytical ResultsDataset
Sources
Sources catalogued for this page. The last column says how each source is used here.
| # | Citation | Year | Type | Used on this page for |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | FDA 2022. FY2018-FY2020 TDS Elements Analytical Results, FDA Total Diet Study | 2022 | Government dataset | US-FDA Pb, Cd, tAs, iAs, tHg, Ni, Cr, U, Sb occurrence in 3276 prepared food, beverage and water composites across 307 TDS foods, FY2018-FY2020 US collections (n=3276) |
Update history
No substantive edit history is available in this build. The full commit record is available in git.