Sheep casings in the HMI library has 63 reported results for lead, cadmium, total arsenic and total mercury from 1 source.1Heavy Metal Contamination in Natural Sheep CasingsFoodsRead source →
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Metals measured:
Lead, cadmium, total arsenic and total mercury, in 63 results from 1 source.1Heavy Metal Contamination in Natural Sheep CasingsFoodsRead source →
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Main drivers:
Form, basis and where the sheep casings was sampled; reporting limits decide how many results are non-detects.1Heavy Metal Contamination in Natural Sheep CasingsFoodsRead source →
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Practical framing:
Ask for lot results with a quantification limit well below the limit that applies in the destination market.1Heavy Metal Contamination in Natural Sheep CasingsFoodsRead source →
Sheep casings overview
Sheep casings in the HMI library has 63 reported results for lead, cadmium, total arsenic and total mercury from 1 source.1Heavy Metal Contamination in Natural Sheep CasingsFoodsRead source →
Wysok et al. 2025 reported lead at 77 µg/kg (mean ± 45 SD), cadmium at 9 µg/kg (mean ± 8 SD) and total arsenic at 36 µg/kg (mean ± 29 SD) in sheep casings, as sold from all samples (8 countries).1Heavy Metal Contamination in Natural Sheep CasingsFoodsRead source →
For a buyer the practical points are the form bought, the basis a result is reported on, where the sheep casings came from and the laboratory’s reporting limit. Testing finds contamination but does not remove it.
What counts as sheep casings
This page covers sheep casings, as sold (63 results).1Heavy Metal Contamination in Natural Sheep CasingsFoodsRead source →
Results stay on the basis each source reports: as sold or fresh weight, dry weight, or unstated. Dry-weight, as-sold and unstated results are never pooled, and no moisture conversion is applied.
Heavy metal contamination profile of sheep casings
The table holds every extracted sheep casings result: one row for each statistic a source reports for a form, group and metal, 63 rows in all, grouped by metal and form; percentiles, ranges and maxima for the same samples as a mean or median are shown on that row.1Heavy Metal Contamination in Natural Sheep CasingsFoodsRead source → Monitoring medians are HMI calculations from individual submissions; non-detects remain intervals between zero and the reporting limit and are never read as zero.
0 rows can be rated against an HMI reference for the same form and basis, 24 rows have a direct same-study comparison, and the rest stay unrated with the reason recorded. 1 value from 1 source failed a check against their own source and are shown but not compared.1Heavy Metal Contamination in Natural Sheep CasingsFoodsRead source →
Comparison methods and scope
Each row is one statistic a source reports for one form of sheep casings, group and metal; percentiles, ranges and maxima reported for the same samples as a mean or median are shown on that row. Different forms and preparation states are kept apart, and dry-weight results never share a reference with as-sold or fresh-weight results. Ratings place a result against an HMI reference built from monitoring results and ordinary-setting medians for the same form and basis. Same-study contrasts compare a contaminated or treated site with its control, targeted with random sampling, a prepared form with the unprocessed one, or one group of a study with the median of its other groups. Held rows failed a check against their own source and are shown but not compared.
First displayed analyte: Lead: 18 findings from 1 source. Each row retains its statistic and measurement basis.
Filter findings
50 of 50 findings · 4 analytes
About this table
| Food form | Collection scope | Finding (µg/kg) | Comparison | Evidence |
|---|---|---|---|---|
9 findings · 1 study · 9 spread figures folded in | ||||
| Sheep casings, as soldWysok et al. 2025 | all samples (8 countries)Collection date unreported | mean.Same samples: 17–170 µg/kg (range) | ||
| Sheep casings, as soldWysok et al. 2025 | all samples (8 countries)Collection date unreported | range. | ||
| Sheep casings, as soldWysok et al. 2025 | casings of Belgium originCollection date unreported | mean.Same samples: 33–130 µg/kg (range) | ||
| Sheep casings, as soldWysok et al. 2025 | casings of Belgium originCollection date unreported | range. | ||
| Sheep casings, as soldWysok et al. 2025 | casings of China originCollection date unreported | mean.Same samples: 23–170 µg/kg (range) | ||
| Sheep casings, as soldWysok et al. 2025 | casings of China originCollection date unreported | range. | ||
| Sheep casings, as soldWysok et al. 2025 | casings of Iran originCollection date unreported | mean.Same samples: 23–110 µg/kg (range) | ||
| Sheep casings, as soldWysok et al. 2025 | casings of Iran originCollection date unreported | range. | ||
| Sheep casings, as soldWysok et al. 2025 | casings of Mongolia originCollection date unreported | mean.Same samples: 45–160 µg/kg (range) | ||
| Sheep casings, as soldWysok et al. 2025 | casings of Mongolia originCollection date unreported | range. | ||
| Sheep casings, as soldWysok et al. 2025 | casings of New Zealand originCollection date unreported | mean.Same samples: 17–130 µg/kg (range) | ||
| Sheep casings, as soldWysok et al. 2025 | casings of New Zealand originCollection date unreported | range. | ||
| Sheep casings, as soldWysok et al. 2025 | casings of Pakistan originCollection date unreported | mean.Same samples: 43–160 µg/kg (range) | ||
| Sheep casings, as soldWysok et al. 2025 | casings of Pakistan originCollection date unreported | range. | ||
| Sheep casings, as soldWysok et al. 2025 | casings of Turkey originCollection date unreported | mean.Same samples: 18–150 µg/kg (range) | ||
| Sheep casings, as soldWysok et al. 2025 | casings of Turkey originCollection date unreported | range. | ||
| Sheep casings, as soldWysok et al. 2025 | casings of United Kingdom originCollection date unreported | mean.Same samples: 25–130 µg/kg (range) | ||
| Sheep casings, as soldWysok et al. 2025 | casings of United Kingdom originCollection date unreported | range. | ||
17 findings · 1 study · 1 spread figure folded in | ||||
| Sheep casings, as soldWysok et al. 2025 | all samples (8 countries)Collection date unreported | mean. | ||
| Sheep casings, as soldWysok et al. 2025 | all samples (8 countries)Collection date unreported | range. | ||
| Sheep casings, as soldWysok et al. 2025 | casings of Belgium originCollection date unreported | mean. | ||
| Sheep casings, as soldWysok et al. 2025 | casings of Belgium originCollection date unreported | range. | ||
| Sheep casings, as soldWysok et al. 2025 | casings of China originCollection date unreported | mean. | ||
| Sheep casings, as soldWysok et al. 2025 | casings of China originCollection date unreported | range. | ||
| Sheep casings, as soldWysok et al. 2025 | casings of Iran originCollection date unreported | mean. | ||
| Sheep casings, as soldWysok et al. 2025 | casings of Iran originCollection date unreported | range. | ||
| Sheep casings, as soldWysok et al. 2025 | casings of Mongolia originCollection date unreported | mean. | ||
| Sheep casings, as soldWysok et al. 2025 | casings of Mongolia originCollection date unreported | range. | ||
| Sheep casings, as soldWysok et al. 2025 | casings of New Zealand originCollection date unreported | mean. | ||
| Sheep casings, as soldWysok et al. 2025 | casings of New Zealand originCollection date unreported | range. | ||
| Sheep casings, as soldWysok et al. 2025 | casings of Pakistan originCollection date unreported | mean. | ||
| Sheep casings, as soldWysok et al. 2025 | casings of Pakistan originCollection date unreported | range. | ||
| Sheep casings, as soldWysok et al. 2025 | casings of Turkey originCollection date unreported | mean.Same samples: 1.2–22 µg/kg (range) | ||
| Sheep casings, as soldWysok et al. 2025 | casings of Turkey originCollection date unreported | range. | ||
| Sheep casings, as soldWysok et al. 2025 | casings of United Kingdom originCollection date unreported | mean. | ||
| Sheep casings, as soldWysok et al. 2025 | casings of United Kingdom originCollection date unreported | range. | ||
15 findings · 1 study · 3 spread figures folded in | ||||
| Sheep casings, as soldWysok et al. 2025 | all samples (8 countries)Collection date unreported | mean. | ||
| Sheep casings, as soldWysok et al. 2025 | all samples (8 countries)Collection date unreported | range. | ||
| Sheep casings, as soldWysok et al. 2025 | casings of Belgium originCollection date unreported | mean. | ||
| Sheep casings, as soldWysok et al. 2025 | casings of Belgium originCollection date unreported | range. | ||
| Sheep casings, as soldWysok et al. 2025 | casings of China originCollection date unreported | mean. | ||
| Sheep casings, as soldWysok et al. 2025 | casings of China originCollection date unreported | range. | ||
| Sheep casings, as soldWysok et al. 2025 | casings of Iran originCollection date unreported | mean. | ||
| Sheep casings, as soldWysok et al. 2025 | casings of Iran originCollection date unreported | range. | ||
| Sheep casings, as soldWysok et al. 2025 | casings of Mongolia originCollection date unreported | mean.Same samples: 14–73 µg/kg (range) | ||
| Sheep casings, as soldWysok et al. 2025 | casings of Mongolia originCollection date unreported | range. | ||
| Sheep casings, as soldWysok et al. 2025 | casings of New Zealand originCollection date unreported | mean.Same samples: 11–42 µg/kg (range) | ||
| Sheep casings, as soldWysok et al. 2025 | casings of New Zealand originCollection date unreported | range. | ||
| Sheep casings, as soldWysok et al. 2025 | casings of Pakistan originCollection date unreported | mean. | ||
| Sheep casings, as soldWysok et al. 2025 | casings of Pakistan originCollection date unreported | range. | ||
| Sheep casings, as soldWysok et al. 2025 | casings of Turkey originCollection date unreported | mean.Same samples: 11–49 µg/kg (range) | ||
| Sheep casings, as soldWysok et al. 2025 | casings of Turkey originCollection date unreported | range. | ||
| Sheep casings, as soldWysok et al. 2025 | casings of United Kingdom originCollection date unreported | mean. | ||
| Sheep casings, as soldWysok et al. 2025 | casings of United Kingdom originCollection date unreported | range. | ||
9 findings · 1 study | ||||
| Sheep casings, as soldWysok et al. 2025 | all samples (8 countries)Collection date unreported | not detected. | ||
| Sheep casings, as soldWysok et al. 2025 | casings of Belgium originCollection date unreported | not detected. | ||
| Sheep casings, as soldWysok et al. 2025 | casings of China originCollection date unreported | not detected. | ||
| Sheep casings, as soldWysok et al. 2025 | casings of Iran originCollection date unreported | not detected. | ||
| Sheep casings, as soldWysok et al. 2025 | casings of Mongolia originCollection date unreported | not detected. | ||
| Sheep casings, as soldWysok et al. 2025 | casings of New Zealand originCollection date unreported | not detected. | ||
| Sheep casings, as soldWysok et al. 2025 | casings of Pakistan originCollection date unreported | not detected. | ||
| Sheep casings, as soldWysok et al. 2025 | casings of Turkey originCollection date unreported | not detected. | ||
| Sheep casings, as soldWysok et al. 2025 | casings of United Kingdom originCollection date unreported | not detected. | ||
Shared dataset methods and interpretation
Source summaries retain their original statistic, material, basis and censoring. Each source drawer identifies methods and overlapping samples. No matched reference or pooled distribution is inferred.
HMI sheep casings tHg reference · Sheep casings, as sold, dry weight
Reference and scope
HMI sheep casings tHg reference · Sheep casings, as sold, dry weight. Sheep casings, as sold; Dry weight, µg/kg; no moisture conversion. Distribution of subgroup median concentration values.
| Reference (µg/kg) | Q1 | Median | Q3 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Primary HMI reference | ≤1 | ≤1 | ≤1 |
| Alternative weighting | ≤1 | ≤1 | ≤1 |
9 reference units; 1 sampling family. Counts describe evidence units, not independent studies or certainty.
| Contributing family | Reference units | Weight |
|---|---|---|
| Wysok et al. 2025 | 9 | 100% |
Methods
HMI pools subgroup medians for sheep casings, as sold on a dry weight basis: monitoring results summarized as one median per reporting region, sampling type and collection year, total diet composites and printed sample values as single observations, and printed subgroup medians from ordinary farms or markets. Each sampling family has equal total weight. Non-detects stay as zero-to-limit intervals, so quartiles carry lower and upper bounds. Means, ranges and maxima never enter as observations. Other forms, other bases, targeted sampling and results from mining, industrial, wastewater-affected, experimental, fertiliser or manufacturer settings are kept out of this reference.
Inverse weighted empirical CDF; midpoint at exact cumulative-weight boundaries. At least four reference units and a definitely positive Q1 to Q3 spread are required. This is a display eligibility rule, not statistical validation.
Limitations
Wysok et al. 2025 is the only compatible sampling family for sheep casings, as sold on this basis in the completed sheep casings ledger, so this single-family reference cannot represent other markets. Reporting regions and purchase markets are not growing areas. Non-detects with differing limits widen the bounds. A position is descriptive concentration, not a safety or compliance judgment.
Admitted source families
Reference version and interpretation
Frozen evidence selection: 2026-10-22. Method: hmi-pooled-reference-v2.
hmi-pooled-reference-v2:sheep-casings-db7c297fbe8f:6a00964a4a79
The reference is computed by HMI from admitted evidence, not copied from a study baseline. It describes the evidence currently in this scope; it is not a worldwide or current-lot benchmark. Source, year and region filters do not change it. Different HMI scopes are not one common ranking.
The source reports only a percentile, range or maximum for these samples, with no mean or median to place against the reference. Spread figures that do have a mean or median are shown on that row instead.
The value could not be reconciled with its own paper, so it is shown but not compared.
The result is below a reporting limit, and the range from zero to that limit crosses more than one band.
The result is on a basis (dry weight, or not stated) that no HMI reference for this form uses, so it cannot be placed.
No findings match these filters. Change the selection or reset to show all source findings.
How metals reach sheep casings
No study in the library compared sheep casings from contaminated and ordinary settings, so the routes by which metals reach it are not measured here.
Which forms and regions measured lower
The HMI reference for total mercury in sheep casings, as sold pools 9 subgroup units from 1 sampling family, with a median of below 1 µg/kg and a middle half spanning below 1 (lower quartile) and below 1 µg/kg (upper quartile).1Heavy Metal Contamination in Natural Sheep CasingsFoodsRead source →
In one study, lead across 8 groups of sheep casings ranged from 64 µg/kg (casings of New Zealand origin) to 97 µg/kg (casings of Pakistan origin); the lowest is the lowest observed in that study, not an established sourcing preference.1Heavy Metal Contamination in Natural Sheep CasingsFoodsRead source →
Processing, cooking and preparation
No processing study for metals in this food is in the library yet.
Mitigation for sheep casings
Lot testing against the applicable limit is the check that can be verified.
No measured way to lower metals in this food is in the library yet.
Trade-offs and limits of controls
Metals do not move together, so a lot that passes a lead limit says little about cadmium, arsenic or nickel unless those are tested as well.
Testing sheep casings for metals
Results depend on the method and its reporting limit. Reporting limits for lead were 10 µg/kg where sources stated them.1Heavy Metal Contamination in Natural Sheep CasingsFoodsRead source → Reporting limits for cadmium were 1 µg/kg where sources stated them.1Heavy Metal Contamination in Natural Sheep CasingsFoodsRead source → Reporting limits for total arsenic were 10 µg/kg where sources stated them.1Heavy Metal Contamination in Natural Sheep CasingsFoodsRead source →
A useful lot result names the form, the basis and a quantification limit well below the limit that applies.
Buying and verifying sheep casings
No maximum level for metals in sheep casings was verified from primary text for this page; buyers should confirm the limit that applies in the destination market.
Exposure from sheep casings
No source in the library converted sheep casings concentrations into a verified estimate of intake for a defined population. Concentrations describe the food, not individual risk.
Evidence review and remaining gaps
Every source record that names sheep casings was decided on its content: 1 occurrence extracted, 1 record in all. The occurrence table renders every extracted result; held values remain visible with their reason.
References identify the sources used in these answers. The Sources index preserves additional discovery links; inclusion there does not mean a source has been reviewed for this assessment. Corrections, completed searches, new direct evidence and changes in requirements should reopen the relevant answer.
Sheep casings FAQs
What heavy metals are found in sheep casings?
The library reports lead, cadmium, total arsenic and total mercury in sheep casings, most often lead, cadmium and total arsenic.1Heavy Metal Contamination in Natural Sheep CasingsFoodsRead source →
Which origins or products of sheep casings measured lowest?
In one study, lead across 8 groups of sheep casings ranged from 64 µg/kg (casings of New Zealand origin) to 97 µg/kg (casings of Pakistan origin); the lowest is the lowest observed in that study, not an established sourcing preference.1Heavy Metal Contamination in Natural Sheep CasingsFoodsRead source →
References
Works cited on this page, in citation-number order. See Sources for this page’s source inventory. Each title links to a source record with bibliographic details, reported findings, and document provenance.
- Heavy Metal Contamination in Natural Sheep CasingsPeer-reviewed
Sources
Browse Sheep casings Sources for sources cited on this page and additional discovery candidates. The searchable index distinguishes verified citation use from discovery relationships whose relevance has not been established.
Update history
22 October 2026: Rebuilt from every sheep casings record in the library: 1 occurrence sources, references by form and basis, same-study contrasts.