Honey
This ingredient stub was created during the FDA FY2018-FY2020 Total Diet Study element-results ingest so future source ingests have a stable destination for this food matrix. FDA reports this item as TDS Food 172, “Honey.” fda2022-tds-elements-fy2018-fy2020
Heavy metal contamination profile
Per-analyte snapshot derived from the machine-readable contamination_profile in the frontmatter above. data gap indicates the literature has been reviewed for this commodity-analyte combination and no usable occurrence data was found (a finding, not a placeholder). The Key sources column is populated by the per-metal body sections below where they exist; an automated Phase 3 enrichment will lift attributions into this table.
| Analyte | Coverage | Typical (ppb) | p95 (ppb) | Confidence | Key sources |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Pb | n=1 (in progress) | — | — | — | — |
| Cd | n=1 (in progress) | — | — | — | — |
| iAs | data gap | — | — | — | — |
| tAs | n=1 (in progress) | — | — | — | — |
| tHg | n=1 (in progress) | — | — | — | — |
| Ni | n=1 (in progress) | — | — | — | — |
| Al | data gap | — | — | — | — |
| Cr | n=1 (in progress) | — | — | — | — |
| Sn | data gap | — | — | — | — |
| U | n=1 (in progress) | — | — | — | — |
FDA TDS FY2018-FY2020 Evidence
The normalized row-level data for this TDS food is stored in data/evidence/fda_tds_fy2018_2020_element_results_samples.csv, with per-food/per-analyte summaries in data/evidence/fda_tds_fy2018_2020_summary_by_food_analyte.csv. Concentrations are retained as FDA reported them, with the reporting-limit column preserved separately; reported zeroes are not rewritten as <LOD unless a source explicitly says to do so. fda2022-tds-elements-fy2018-fy2020
Routing
This node is linked from the ingredient index and the FDA TDS source routing table.
Contamination Profile State
The machine-readable contamination profile is in_progress for analytes measured in the TDS file and pending for profile metals not measured by this source. Ingredient-level values belong here once cross-source synthesis is reviewed; product-category values belong on the relevant product page.
FDA TDS FY2018-FY2020 Occurrence Values
FDA Total Diet Study FY2018-FY2020 reports prepared/composite-food concentration distributions for this ingredient as TDS food “Honey” (fda2022-tds-elements-fy2018-fy2020). Values are in ppb-equivalent on the basis FDA reported. The full sample-level data are stored in data/evidence/fda_tds_fy2018_2020_element_results_samples.csv; per-analyte distributions in data/evidence/fda_tds_fy2018_2020_summary_by_food_analyte.csv. These distributions count as one source under persistent-wiki-ingest-rule synthesis discipline; numerical values stay in body scratch until a second independent source is integrated.
| Metal | n | min | p10 | p50 | p90 | p95 | max | Schema |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cd | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | in profile |
| Cr | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | in profile |
| Ni | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | in profile |
| Pb | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | in profile |
| U | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | in profile |
| tAs | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | in profile |
| tHg | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | in profile |
Sources
Auto-generated from source-page frontmatter. The “Used on this page for” column is populated by the orchestrator’s POPULATE-SOURCE-LEGEND action; pending entries appear as *[awaiting synthesis]*.
| # | Citation | Year | Type | Used on this page for |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Abeslami et al. 2025. Mineral Profile and Heavy Metal Content of Seven Monofloral and Multifloral Honeys from Eastern Morocco, Molecules | 2025 | Peer-reviewed | Measured Cd, Pb, Cr, and Ni in 7 honey types from eastern Morocco by ICP-MS; Cd 0.0017–0.018 mg/kg, Pb 0.13–0.19 mg/kg, botanical-origin and geographic variance data |
| 2 | Naccari et al. 2025. Study of Toxic Metals and Microelements in Honey as a Tool to Support Beekeeping Production and Consumer Safety, Foods 2025, 14, 1986 | 2025 | Peer-reviewed | Measured Pb, Cd, tAs, Al, Ni, and Cr in 38 Calabrian (Italy) honey samples by ICP-MS; Pb exceeded EU MRL (0.1 mg/kg) in 80% of Wildflower samples; Al mean 4.5–6.0 mg/kg |
| 3 | Zhang 2024. Molecularly imprinted polymer electrochemical sensor for lead detection in honey, unknown | 2024 | Peer-reviewed | MIP electrochemical sensor development and Pb validation in honey matrix (Cyprus context); analytical method paper, occurrence data require full-paper confirmation |
| 4 | FDA 2022. FY2018-FY2020 TDS Elements Analytical Results, FDA Total Diet Study | 2022 | Government dataset | Primary occurrence data for Pb, Cd, Ni, Cr, U, tAs, and tHg in honey (TDS Food 172; n=3 per analyte); all analytes at or near reporting limit |