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Phytoremediation in Mitigation of Heavy Metals.

Source

This source page is a mechanical bulk-ingest record for a PDF in the methylmercury infant-formula research pull.

Author Karen Pendergrass · ORCID 0000-0002-2348-7259UPDATED 2026-07-29Cite this pageVersion historyDownload PDF
Page snapshot
Cited by8 pages
Metals measured6
Evidence tierB
Year2025

Overview

This source page is a mechanical bulk-ingest record for a PDF in the methylmercury infant-formula research pull. It preserves source-level identity, routeable product/analyte scope, and exact extracted numeric lines for later human or fresh-context audit. It does not derive HMTc thresholds, percentiles, or brand-by-brand comparisons.

Key numbers

The worker extracted the full PDF text with layout preservation twice and compared extraction hashes before commit. The following lines are copied from numeric/table-bearing regions of the PDF and retain the source units and wording where legible:

  • E-ISSN: 2582-2160 ● Website: www.ijfmr.com ● Email: editor@ijfmr.com
  • Dr. Kranti Ozarkar1, Shreshta Tiwari, Kashmiribano Malick2
  • stratiotes (water lettuce). E. crassipes, which was grown in nickel-contaminated water for 20 days, showed
  • considerable irreparable damage to aquatic ecosystems (1). Sources include the mining and smelting of
  • silver, gold, and nickel (2). These metals are the subject of concern due to their high toxicity (3).
  • E-ISSN: 2582-2160 ● Website: www.ijfmr.com ● Email: editor@ijfmr.com
  • bacteria, fungi, and algae (4). Phytoremediation, on the other hand, involves using plants to clean up
  • sediment also contribute to this pollution (6)
  • bioaccumulation (8). Some heavy metals, like cobalt, copper, and zinc, are vital for humans and widespread
  • in nature (9). These metals regulate physiological functions and penetrate the body via food, air, and water,
  • affecting various biological activities. Their toxicity can be life-threatening (10).
  • reproductive and developmental toxicity and genotoxicity (12).
  • as a phytoremediator for heavy metal-contaminated environments (13). P. stratiotes have highly absorbing
    1. Microorganisms- E. coli and S. aureus authenticated by Department of Biotechnology, BKBCK
    1. Aquatic plant- Pistia stratiotes and Eichhornia crassipes authenticated by Blatter Herbarium, St.
    1. Heavy metals- Cobalt and Nickel separately.
    1. Analysis of heavy metals by Colorimetry and Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry method.
  • E-ISSN: 2582-2160 ● Website: www.ijfmr.com ● Email: editor@ijfmr.com
  • • Concentrations prepared include 2 ppm, 4 ppm, 6 ppm, 8 ppm, and 10 ppm.
  • Maharashtra (postal code: 421501), for an in-vitro study on their potential for phytoremediation of nickel
  • Day 1 (AAS) Day 20 (AAS)
  • 2PPM 4PPM 6PPM 8PPM 10PPM
  • 2ppm 4ppm 6pmm
  • Nickel 8ppm 10ppm Nickel Cobalt
  • Control 2PPM 4PPM 6PPM 8PPM 10PPM
  • E-ISSN: 2582-2160 ● Website: www.ijfmr.com ● Email: editor@ijfmr.com
  • Control 2PPM 4PPM 6PPM 8PPM 10PPM
  • E-ISSN: 2582-2160 ● Website: www.ijfmr.com ● Email: editor@ijfmr.com
    1. Jadaa, W., & Mohammed, H. (2023). Heavy Metals – Definition, Natural and Anthropogenic Sources
  • Ecological Engineering, 24(6), 249–271. https://doi.org/10.12911/22998993/162955
  • Journal of Chemistry, 12(7), 908–931. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.arabjc.2017.05.011
    1. Bioremediation for Global Environmental Conservation (Working title). (2023). In Environmental
    1. Paz-Alberto, A. M., & Sigua, G. C. (2013). Phytoremediation: a green technology to remove
  • environmental pollutants. American Journal of Climate Change, 02(01), 71–86.
    1. Joseph, D., Ahuja, P., Dockrell, M., Purchase, D., Price, R., Krishna, S., García-Muñoz, J., Pérez-
  • Odumbe, E., Murunga, S., Ndiiri, J., Kumar, A., & Singh, R. (2023). Trace metals in the environment.
  • McKenna-Lawlor, S., Mura, A., Raines, J. M., … Wahlund, J. (2020). Investigating Mercury’s
  • Environment with the Two-Spacecraft BepiColombo Mission. Space Science Reviews, 216(5).
    1. Engwa, G. A., Ferdinand, P. U., Nwalo, F. N., & Unachukwu, M. N. (2019). Mechanism and health
  • E-ISSN: 2582-2160 ● Website: www.ijfmr.com ● Email: editor@ijfmr.com
    1. Nemery, B. (1990). Metal toxicity and the respiratory tract. European Respiratory Journal, 3(2), 202–
    1. Van Der Leun, J., Tang, X., & Tevini, M. (1998). Environmental effects of ozone depletion: 1998

Methods (brief)

  • a significant reduction in nickel concentrations, as measured by Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy (AAS).
    1. Analysis of heavy metals by Colorimetry and Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry method.
  • • E. coli samples collected from pre-existing bulk culture at B.K. Birla College, Kalyan.
  • • S. aureus samples collected from pre-existing bulk culture at the same institution.
  • Preparation of test water samples with Nickel and Cobalt Concentrations
  • The experiment investigates the bioremediation properties of bacteria in water samples contaminated with
  • Aquatic plants were meticulously collected from the Besol River in Nalambi Gaon, Ambernath,
  • Introduction of Aquatic plants in heavy metals-Contaminated Water Samples
  • Plants were introduced into nickel and cobalt-contaminated water samples individually, acclimatized, and
  • Day 1 (AAS) Day 20 (AAS)

Implications

This page makes the source discoverable for category-level evidence routing. Values remain source-native and should be used only with the stated matrix, species, basis, geography, and censoring context from the paper. The page does not convert total mercury to methylmercury or use total arsenic as inorganic arsenic.

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Verification notes

  • Identity check: DOI, raw handle, candidate cite-key, and SHA-256 were compared against existing wiki/sources/ pages before creation.
  • Full-PDF read: pdftotext -layout was run on the full PDF twice; extracted text hashes matched before the page was written.
  • Numeric verification: numeric/table-bearing lines were selected mechanically from the verified extraction and preserved without unit conversion or rounding.
  • Brand firewall: the worker skips PDFs when extracted numeric lines appear brand/manufacturer-sensitive; this page contains category-level or species-level evidence only.
  • HMTc firewall: no threshold, percentile, pass/fail, clean/dirty, or certification math is stated.

Update history

The five most recent substantive edits to this page, classified major (evidence or structure moved), correction (a published value or statement was wrong and has been fixed), or minor (narrative rewritten without changing the underlying evidence). Each description is derived from what the edit did to this page; the linked commit is the authoritative record, routine regeneration passes are excluded, and the full version history lives in git. When DOI minting comes online (see schema docs), each entry below will also link to a version-pinned DataCite DOI.

CommitDateChangeDescription
3171d062026-08-02major1 section added
bc84bfc2026-08-02major6 sections added; narrative text revised