Liu et al. 2022 - Cadmium and arsenic co-accumulation in South China rice
This field study measured cadmium and arsenic species in brown rice grains from 208 rice cultivars grown in South China. It is useful for rice occurrence and cultivar-screening context because the paper reports ranges, means, medians, exceedance rates, and arsenic speciation in the edible grain.
Key numbers
- The study covered 208 cultivars: 83 inbred rice cultivars and 125 hybrid rice cultivars.
- Brown-rice Cd ranged from not detected to 1.61 mg/kg, with a mean of 0.26 +/- 0.32 mg/kg and a median of 0.11 mg/kg.
- Brown-rice total As ranged from 0.08 to 0.67 mg/kg, with a mean of 0.27 +/- 0.10 mg/kg and a median of 0.25 mg/kg.
- Cd exceeded the Chinese rice limit in 35.1% of cultivars; inorganic As exceeded the Chinese rice limit in 52.4% of cultivars.
- Inorganic As ranged from 0.06 to 0.48 mg/kg, with mean and median values of 0.21 and 0.20 mg/kg.
- DMA averaged 0.02 +/- 0.02 mg/kg and MMA averaged 0.004 +/- 0.004 mg/kg; inorganic As averaged 89.7% of the speciated arsenic pool.
Methods
The paper analyzed brown rice grain from field-grown cultivars and separated arsenic species. The source is a preprint, so its values should be routed with that evidence-tier caveat rather than treated as a final peer-reviewed market survey.
Implications
The source supports rice-bulk-grain gap filling for Cd, total As, and inorganic As in China-grown rice cultivars. It is strongest for cultivar-level occurrence and co-accumulation context, not for finished retail-market pooling outside the study geography.
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Verification notes
The DOI resolves to a Research Square preprint. The page separates total arsenic from inorganic arsenic and methylated species because the paper reports arsenic speciation.
Page history
The five most recent substantive edits to this page. The full version history lives in git; when DOI minting comes online (see schema docs), each entry below will also link to a version-pinned DataCite DOI.