Rice (white, brown, wild — bulk grain)
This page is a scaffolded entry for HMTc Taxonomy v2.0 Category 3 (Grains, Cereals, and Rice Products), Row 7: Rice (white, brown, wild — bulk grain). Evidence ingest into this row is in progress; this page is the routing destination for source-page declarations of products: [rice-bulk-grain]. Sections below are populated by the routing layer (CLAUDE.md Part 5b) as sources land. Where a section is empty, the row has not yet accumulated contributing sources of the required kind.
Who this page is for
- Brand legal teams
- What the peer-reviewed and regulatory literature reports for heavy-metal occurrence in Rice (white, brown, wild — bulk grain), with applicable regulatory caps and source-traceable findings. Use this page to evaluate certification or class-action exposure on a literature-anchored basis.
- Brand regulatory affairs / QA
- The current evidence base for Rice (white, brown, wild — bulk grain), the levers most-effective at reducing heavy-metal load, and the applicable regulatory limits with jurisdiction and basis.
- Retailers and category buyers
- The row-level assortment risk profile and where the literature distinguishes higher-risk from lower-risk product configurations within this row.
- HMT&C staff (internal)
- HMT&C certification thresholds for products in this row are developed under the certification program at heavymetaltested.com, not on this public page. The Index and HMT&C operate on the same evidence base but apply different publication rules; see the methodology for the separation.
Methodology
This page reports what the cited sources say about heavy-metal concentrations in rice (white, brown, wild — bulk grain). Speciation is non-substitutable per CLAUDE.md Part 14 (iAs vs tAs, MeHg vs tHg, Cr-VI vs total Cr). Basis is preserved (finished-product as sold unless the source specifies otherwise; see each row for the basis label). Non-detect handling follows each source’s reporting convention. Pooling is avoided across LOD/LOQ, period, geography, and analytical-basis differences. HMT&C certification thresholds for products in this row are developed under the certification program at heavymetaltested.com, not on this page; this public page reports literature evidence only.
The applicable regulatory jurisdictions for this row are: FDA, EU, Codex.
Literature Evidence Summary
Pending ingest. The routing layer will surface direct-row-fit sources here as they are added to the corpus with products: [rice-bulk-grain] in source-page frontmatter.
Source Evidence Inventory
Pending ingest. The routing layer populates this section from the source-page set declaring products: [rice-bulk-grain].
Broad Product Context: Author-Scope Index
Pending ingest. The routing layer surfaces sources whose author-stated scope is broader than this row (route_kind: broad_product_context) as they are added.
Federal/Regulatory Limits vs Field Findings
Pending ingest. The applicable regulatory jurisdictions for this row are recorded in the page frontmatter; the crosswalk table is generated by tools/apply-product-crosswalk-sections.mjs once regulation pages and field-evidence sources are routed to this row with structured limit values.
Levers to reduce contamination
Practical interventions to reduce heavy-metal load in this row, ordered by impact magnitude. Each lever names the magnitude of the effect with a cited source; cross-links to dedicated Mitigation pages where they exist.
- Sourcing levers — Pending ingest.
- Agronomic levers — Pending ingest. (See Agronomic mitigation for general agronomic mitigation context.)
- Processing levers — Pending ingest. (See Processing mitigation.)
- Formulation levers — Pending ingest. (See Formulation mitigation.)
- Testing and QC levers — Pending ingest. (See Testing and quality-control mitigation when published.)
- Packaging and storage levers — Pending ingest. (See Packaging and storage mitigation when published.)
How standards math uses this page
HMT&C certification thresholds for this row are developed under the certification program at heavymetaltested.com, not on this page. The row-standard for this row is an aggregate computed from the contributing source pool in the row’s native finished-product basis; it is not a per-source decoration of any single value cited on this page. This public page reports literature evidence only.
Historical recalls and enforcement
Pending ingest. Regulatory events (recalls, enforcement actions, import alerts) relevant to this row will be added as agency records are ingested into the corpus.
Sources
Pending ingest. The Source Legend below is auto-generated by tools/evidence/build-source-legend.mjs once source pages declaring products: [rice-bulk-grain] are added.
Sources
Auto-generated from source-page frontmatter. The “Used on this page for” column is populated by the orchestrator’s POPULATE-SOURCE-LEGEND action; pending entries appear as *[awaiting synthesis]*.
| # | Citation | Year | Type | Used on this page for |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ANSES 2026. Opinion of the French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health & Safety on the results of the Third French Total Diet Study (TDS3) - Acrylamide, aluminium, silver, cadmium, mercury and lead, ANSES Opinion, Request No 2019-SA-0010 | 2026 | Government report | FR Al, Ag, Cd, Pb, tHg, iHg, MeHg occurrence in French TDS3 foods selected from 276 foods across 44 groups, with 718 samples collected in Loiret, Puy-de-Dome, and… (n=718) |
| 2 | Fu et al. 2025. Mitigation Effect of Low-Accumulation Rice Varieties and Soil Conditioners on Hg and Cd Pollution in Rice, Processes | 2025 | Peer-reviewed | CN tHg, Cd, tAs, Pb, Cr occurrence in One-year 2023 field experiment in Hg-Cd co-contaminated farmland in Tongren, Guizhou, China, with three replicate plots per treatment… (n=66) |
| 3 | Houlihan et al. 2025. What’s in your family’s rice? Arsenic, Cadmium, and Lead in Popular Rice Brands - Plus 9 Safer Grains to Try, Healthy Babies Bright Futures (HBBF) report | 2025 | Government report | US tAs, iAs, Cd, Pb, tHg occurrence in 211 retail grain containers (145 rice samples across 105 brands and 66 alternative-grain samples) purchased in 20 US… (n=211) |
| 4 | Huang et al. 2025. Biochar Influences the Transformation and Translocation of Antimony in the Rhizosphere-Rice System, Toxics | 2025 | Peer-reviewed | CN Sb occurrence in One Sb-Au mining-contaminated paddy soil (0-20 cm, Dongzhi County, Chizhou, Anhui Province, China; total Sb 94.41 mg/kg) used… (n=1) |
| 5 | Masri et al. 2025. Assessing Dietary Consumption of Toxicant-Laden Foods and Beverages by Age and Ethnicity in California: Implications for Proposition 65, Nutrients | 2025 | Peer-reviewed | US Pb, Cd, tAs, MeHg occurrence in Cross-sectional online dietary survey (Qualtrics) administered between 1 March and 15 June 2023 to Southern California residents (adults… (n=186) |
| 6 | Begum et al. 2024. Fertilization Enhances Grain Inorganic Arsenic Assimilation in Rice, Exposure and Health | 2024 | Peer-reviewed | CN iAs, DMA, tAs occurrence in Rice grown to maturity in controlled chambers using soil sourced from a Chinese paddy field |
| 7 | EFSA 2024. Risk assessment of small organoarsenic species in food, EFSA Journal | 2024 | Government report | EU tAs occurrence in 1,260 analytical results on DMA(V) and 988 on MMA(V) submitted to the EFSA Data Warehouse covering sampling years… (n=2248) |
| 8 | EFSA 2024. Update of the risk assessment of inorganic arsenic in food, EFSA Journal | 2024 | Government report | EU iAs, tAs concentrations (n=20) |
| 9 | Hossain et al. 2024. Effects of soil pH and organic matter on the accumulation of cadmium in the grains of salt tolerant rice genotypes grown in Cd contaminated soil, Khulna University Studies | 2024 | Peer-reviewed | BD Cd occurrence in Four rice genotypes grown in Cd-stressed pot experiments across soil pH and organic-matter treatments (n=36) |
| 10 | Huda et al. 2024. A potential toxicological risk assessment of heavy metals and pesticides in irrigated rice cultivars near industrial areas of Dhaka, Bangladesh, Environmental Monitoring and Assessment | 2024 | Peer-reviewed | BD tAs, Se, Pb, Be, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Mn, Ni, Zn, V, Fe, tHg occurrence in Soil, irrigation water, husk, rice grain, and stem samples from three rice fields near Gazipur, north of Dhaka,… |
| 11 | Hussain et al. 2024. Uptake and dietary toxicity of arsenic in rice genotypes: Effect of organic and inorganic amendments, Arsenic in the Environment: Bridging Science to Practice for Sustainable Development | 2024 | Book chapter | PK tAs occurrence in Two rice genotypes (Kainat and Basmati-385) under seven amendment treatments in an arsenic-irrigation pilot-scale experiment (n=14) |
| 12 | Liang et al. 2024. The dissolved organic matter from the co-decomposition of Chinese milk vetch and rice straw induces the strengthening of Cd remediation by Fe-modified biochar, Biochar | 2024 | Peer-reviewed | CN Cd occurrence in Six paddy-soil amendment treatments, each replicated four times, in a Changsha, Hunan pot experiment using Cd-polluted paddy soil (n=24) |
| 13 | Mohammadi et al. 2024. Evaluation of carcinogenic risk of heavy metals due to consumption of rice in Southwestern Iran, Toxicology Reports | 2024 | Peer-reviewed | IR Pb, Cd, Zn, Ni occurrence in 16 local Champa rice samples after harvesting and husking, purchased from farmers in Lordegan (Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari Province)… (n=16) |
| 14 | Wu 2024. Contamination of Heavy Metal(Loid)S in Cereals, Vegetables, and Legumes Purchased from Local Markets of Jiaozuo, China and The Associated Health Risk Assessment, International Journal of Natural Resources and Environmental Studies, 2(1): 180-200 | 2024 | Peer-reviewed | CN Pb, Cd, Cr, tAs, tHg, Ni, Cu, Zn occurrence in 244 retail food samples purchased from 13 sampling points (6 supermarkets, 6 farmers’ markets, 1 wholesale market) across… (n=244) |
| 15 | Liu et al. 2023. Characteristics, Chemical Speciation and Health Risk Assessment of Heavy Metals in Paddy Soil and Rice around an Abandoned High-Arsenic Coal Mine Area, Southwest China, Minerals | 2023 | Peer-reviewed | CN Pb, Cd, Cr, tHg, tAs, Cu, Zn occurrence in Twelve paired surface-soil and rice-plant-tissue samples collected in mid-August 2022 from rice planting areas around the Xingren Coal… (n=12) |
| 16 | Liu et al. 2023. Enrichment Characteristics and Health Risk Assessment of Heavy Metals in Soil-Crop Systems, KSCE Journal of Civil Engineering | 2023 | Peer-reviewed | CN tAs, Cr, Cu, Pb, Cd, tHg occurrence in Paired crop and soil samples from Yuyao City, Zhejiang Province: 88 rice/root-soil pairs, 68 bayberry/topsoil pairs, and 60… (n=216) |
| 17 | Noh et al. 2023. Monitoring arsenic species concentration in rice-based processed products distributed in South Korean markets and related risk assessment, Food Science and Biotechnology 32(10):1361-1372 | 2023 | Peer-reviewed | KR iAs, tAs occurrence in 239 rice-based processed foods purchased from South Korean domestic markets February–August 2019 across ten categories: home-meal-replacement (HMR) rice… (n=239) |
| 18 | Silva et al. 2023. Mycotoxins in Rice Correlate with Other Contaminants? A Pilot Study of the Portuguese Scenario and Human Risk Assessment, Toxins 2023, 15, 291 | 2023 | Peer-reviewed | PT iAs occurrence in 36 rice samples produced and commercialized in Portugal (27 Portuguese origin, 9 from abroad; 14 supermarket, 22 from… (n=36) |
| 19 | Sun et al. 2023. Effects of Biochar on the Cd Uptake by Rice and the Cd Fractions in Paddy Soil: A 3-Year Field Experiment, Agronomy | 2023 | Peer-reviewed | CN Cd occurrence in Fifteen 130 m2 paddy field plots in Shenyang, Liaoning, China: five biochar treatments with three randomized block replicates,… (n=15) |
| 20 | Wehmeier et al. 2023. Detection of Inorganic Arsenic in Rice Using a Field-Deployable Method with Cola Extraction, Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry (published online 23 November 2023) | 2023 | Peer-reviewed | AT iAs, tAs occurrence in 30 rice and rice products (polished, parboiled, unpolished/husked rice, rice crackers, infant rice products) purchased from food shops… (n=30) |
| 21 | Bhat et al. 2022. Long-Term Operation of Brick-Kilns Led Heavy Metal Contamination of Soil-Plant-Animal Continuum in Kashmir Himalayas, Journal of Animal Research | 2022 | Peer-reviewed | IN Pb, Cd, Cr occurrence in Soil-plant-animal samples near brick kilns in Kashmir Himalayas |
| 22 | Hao et al. 2022. Probabilistic health risk assessment of inorganic arsenic and some heavy metals in rice produced from a typical multi-mining county, China, Environmental Science and Pollution Research | 2022 | Peer-reviewed | CN tAs, iAs, Pb, Cd, Cr, tHg occurrence in 220 brown-rice composite samples from Xiangtan County, Hunan Province, China; each site sample combined five rice subsamples from… (n=220) |
| 23 | Jiang et al. 2022. Selenium Decreases the Cadmium Content in Brown Rice: Foliar Se Application to Plants Grown in Cd-contaminated Soil, Journal of Soil Science and Plant Nutrition | 2022 | Peer-reviewed | CN Cd, Se occurrence in Three-year field experiment (2017-2019) in Taojiang County, Hunan, China: three rice cultivars grown in low-Cd and high-Cd paddy… (n=108) |
| 24 | Kumar et al. 2022. Lead (Pb) Contamination in Agricultural Products and Human Health Risk Assessment in Bangladesh, Water, Air, & Soil Pollution 233:257 | 2022 | Peer-reviewed | BD Pb occurrence in Published Pb concentration data for commonly consumed agricultural foods and food products in Bangladesh. (n=Literature survey covering three cereals, five pulses, ten fruits, and 34 vegetables/other agricultural food items) |
| 25 | Qinghui et al. 2022. Co-accumulation of cadmium and arsenic in rice cultivars under field conditions in South China, Research Square | 2022 | Preprint | CN Cd, tAs, iAs, DMA, MMA occurrence in Brown rice grains from 208 rice cultivars grown under field conditions in South China |
| 26 | Xu et al. 2022. Effects of soil properties on heavy metal bioavailability and accumulation in crop grains under different farmland use patterns, Scientific Reports | 2022 | Peer-reviewed | CN Cu, Zn, Pb, Cd, Fe, Mn occurrence in 81 crop-grain samples and 81 paired agricultural-soil samples from rape, wheat, and paddy fields in Tongling, China (n=81) |
| 27 | EFSA 2021. Chronic dietary exposure to inorganic arsenic, EFSA Journal | 2021 | Government report | EU iAs, tAs concentrations (n=13608) |
| 28 | Enamorado-Montes et al. 2021. Mercury Accumulation in Commercial Varieties of Oryza sativa L. Cultivated in Soils of La Mojana Region, Colombia, Toxics 9(11):304 | 2021 | Peer-reviewed | CO tHg occurrence in Greenhouse pot experiment; three commercial rice cultivar codes (FA473, FA2000, FAM) grown in La Mojana region soil at… (n=27) |
| 29 | CFIA 2020. Toxic Metals in Selected Foods – April 1, 2018 to March 31, 2019: Food chemistry – Targeted surveys – Final report, Canadian Food Inspection Agency | 2020 | Government report | CA tAs, Cd, Pb, tHg occurrence in Retail food samples (bran products, infant formula, meal replacement beverages, protein powders, rice products) collected from 6 Canadian… (n=985) |
| 30 | Zahra et al. 2020. Magnetic Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes Modified with Polythiophene as a Sorbent for Simultaneous Solid Phase Microextraction of Lead and Cadmium from Water and Food Samples, Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry Research | 2020 | Peer-reviewed | IR Pb, Cd occurrence in Black tea, rice, infant dry formula milk, and cow milk samples purchased in Yazd, Iran (n=5) |
| 31 | Heshmati et al. 2020. Concentration and Risk Assessment of Potentially Toxic Elements, Lead and Cadmium, in Vegetables and Cereals Consumed in Western Iran, Journal of Food Protection 83(1):101-107 | 2020 | Peer-reviewed | IR/EU Pb, Cd occurrence in Four hundred composite food samples — 50 each of eight commodities (potato Solanum tuberosum, onion Allium cepa, tomato… (n=400) |
| 32 | Kukusamude et al. 2020. Heavy metals and probabilistic risk assessment via rice consumption in Thailand, Food Chemistry | 2020 | Peer-reviewed | TH Cr, Mn, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, tAs, iAs, Cd occurrence in Fifty-five Thai local rice samples from four varieties: Khaowong Kalasin sticky rice (n=15, white glutinous rice, Kalasin), Pka… (n=55) |
| 33 | Antonio et al. 2020. Ionic imprinted polymer - vortex-assisted dispersive micro-solid phase extraction for inorganic arsenic speciation in rice by HPLC-ICP-MS, Talanta | 2020 | Peer-reviewed | ES tAs, iAs occurrence in Commercial rice samples purchased in local supermarkets in Santiago de Compostela, Spain, plus ERM-BC211 rice reference material |
| 34 | Palmieri et al. 2020. Implications and Significance of Mercury in Rice, Journal of Food Nutrition and Metabolism | 2020 | Peer-reviewed | TH/IN/CN tHg occurrence in 29 rice samples: 12 from Thailand, 6 from India, 6 from China, and 5 United States control samples;… (n=29) |
| 35 | Pogoson et al. 2020. Reducing the cadmium, inorganic arsenic and dimethylarsinic acid content of rice through food-safe chemical cooking pre-treatment, Food Chemistry | 2020 | Peer-reviewed | GB Cd, iAs, DMA, tAs occurrence in Ten polished rice samples purchased from retail stores in Belfast, Northern Ireland |
| 36 | Shi et al. 2020. Rice Grain Cadmium Concentrations in the Global Supply-Chain, Exposure and Health 12:869-876 | 2020 | Peer-reviewed | GLOBAL Cd occurrence in Global polished white market-rice supply-chain samples purchased from retailers across 32 countries on six continents; country-level n and… (n=2270) |
| 37 | TatahMentan et al. 2020. Toxic and Essential Elements in Rice and Other Grains from the United States and Other Countries, International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health | 2020 | Peer-reviewed | US/CA/TH tAs, Pb, Cd, Cu, Fe, Mn, Zn occurrence in Rice and other grains purchased from local stores in Louisiana, USA: 28 white rice samples, 11 brown rice… |
| 38 | Vatanpour et al. 2020. The high levels of heavy metal accumulation in cultivated rice from the Tajan river basin: health and ecological risk assessment, Chemosphere | 2020 | Peer-reviewed | IR Pb, Cd, Cr, Zn, Fe, Cu occurrence in 33 cultivated rice samples (described by the paper as ‘fresh rice plants containing grains’, dry-ashed and acid-digested per… (n=33) |
| 39 | Wang et al. 2020. Contamination and health risk assessment of lead, arsenic, cadmium, and aluminum from a total diet study of Jilin Province, China, Food Science & Nutrition | 2020 | Peer-reviewed | CN Pb, tAs, Cd, Al occurrence in Jilin Province total-diet-study composites across 12 food groups and 48 product groups, with consumption inputs for 7700 residents… |
| 40 | Zhang et al. 2020. Effects of Dietary Supplements on the Bioaccessibility of Se, Zn and Cd in Rice: Preliminary Observations from In Vitro Gastrointestinal Simulation Tests, International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health | 2020 | Peer-reviewed | CN Cd, Se, Zn occurrence in Five replicate in vitro gastrointestinal digestion tests using steamed rice from Guangxi Province, China, with vitamin, mineral, amino-acid,… (n=5) |
| 41 | Centre for Food Safety 2019. Guidelines on the Food Adulteration (Metallic Contamination) (Amendment) Regulation 2018, USDA Foreign Agricultural Service GAIN Report HK1922, relaying the Hong Kong Centre for Food Safety Guidelines for the Food Adulteration (Metallic Contamination) (Amendment) Regulation 2018 (Cap. 132V sub. leg.) | 2019 | Government report | HK Sb, tAs, iAs, Ba, B, Cd, Cr, Cu, Pb, Mn, MeHg, tHg, Ni, Se, Sn, U occurrence in Not a sampling study. Regulatory document setting maximum levels (MLs) for 14 metallic contaminants across food and food… |
| 42 | Sharafi et al. 2019. Human health risk assessment for some toxic metals in widely consumed rice brands (domestic and imported) in Tehran, Iran: Uncertainty and sensitivity analysis, Food Chemistry | 2019 | Peer-reviewed | IR/IN/PK tAs, Cd, Pb occurrence in 30 rice brands (10 Iranian-produced, 10 Indian-imported, 10 Pakistani-imported) drawn from 250 packed rice samples collected from households… (n=90) |
| 43 | Wang et al. 2019. Dietary Lead Exposure and Associated Health Risks in Guangzhou, China, International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health | 2019 | Peer-reviewed | CN Pb occurrence in Food safety risk monitoring samples from Guangzhou, China, collected during 2014-2017 across 27 food categories; consumption inputs came… (n=6339) |
| 44 | Islam et al. 2018. Assessment of heavy metals in foods around the industrial areas: Health hazard inference in Bangladesh, Geocarto International | 2018 | Peer-reviewed | BD Cr, Ni, Cu, tAs, Cd, Pb occurrence in Seventy-five composite samples of rice, sponge gourd, bitter gourd, papaya, okra, bean, brinjal, and chili collected by hand… (n=75) |
| 45 | Jafari et al. 2018. The concentration data of heavy metals in Iranian grown and imported rice and human health hazard assessment, Data in Brief 16 (2018) 453-459 | 2018 | Peer-reviewed | IR Cd, Pb, tAs, Cr, Zn, Ni, Cu, Co occurrence in Systematic review of 10 primary studies (2010-2016) reporting heavy-metal concentrations in Iranian-grown and imported rice brands sold in… (n=10) |
| 46 | Rittirong et al. 2018. Quantification of aluminum and heavy metal contents in cooked rice samples from Thailand markets using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) and potential health risk assessment, Emirates Journal of Food and Agriculture | 2018 | Peer-reviewed | TH Al, Cr, Fe, Cu, Zn, tAs, Cd, Pb occurrence in Cooked rice prepared from Thailand-market rice using five utensil conditions and four water conditions, with raw rice as… (n=20) |
| 47 | Maja et al. 2018. Non-chromatographic Speciation of Inorganic Arsenic in Rice by Hydride Generation Inductively Coupled Plasma Optical Emission Spectrometry, Food Analytical Methods | 2018 | Peer-reviewed | PL tAs, iAs occurrence in Nine brown rice samples sold in Poland, coded B1-B9 |
| 48 | Bolan et al. 2017. Comparative analysis of speciation and bioaccessibility of arsenic in rice grains and complementary medicines, Chemosphere | 2017 | Peer-reviewed | AU/BD/IN tAs, iAs occurrence in Six rice-grain samples from research grain collections in Bangladesh, India, and Korea, grown under greenhouse or field conditions… (n=22) |
| 49 | Li et al. 2017. Cadmium transfer from contaminated soils to the human body through rice consumption in southern Jiangsu Province, China, Environmental Science: Processes & Impacts | 2017 | Peer-reviewed | CN Cd occurrence in Seventy paired Indica rice-grain and 0-15 cm soil samples collected at maturity in July 2014 from five areas… (n=70) |
| 50 | Shirani et al. 2017. Concentration of heavy metals in Iranian market rice and associated population health risk, Quality Assurance and Safety of Crops & Foods | 2017 | Peer-reviewed | IR/IN/PK tAs, Cd, Pb occurrence in 120 packed rice samples collected from local agricultural agencies and retail markets in Mashhad, Iran. Samples were grouped… (n=120) |
| 51 | Ataee et al. 2016. Application of microwave-assisted dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction and graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry for ultra-trace determination of lead and cadmium in cereals and agricultural products, International Journal of Environmental Analytical Chemistry 96(3):271-283 | 2016 | Peer-reviewed | IR Pb, Cd occurrence in 21 cereal composites (7 grain types — rice, wheat, barley, peas, beans, corn, lentil — × 3 local… (n=21) |
| 52 | FDA 2016. Arsenic in Rice and Rice Products Risk Assessment Report, US Food and Drug Administration | 2016 | Government report | US iAs, tAs concentrations |
| 53 | Llorente-Mirandes et al. 2016. Inorganic Arsenic Determination in Food: A Review of Analytical Proposals and Quality Assessment Over the Last Six Years, Applied Spectroscopy | 2016 | Peer-reviewed | EU/US/CN iAs, tAs concentrations |
| 54 | Qandashtani et al. 2016. Heavy metals in rice samples on the Torbat-Heidarieh market, Iran, Food Additives & Contaminants: Part B, Surveillance | 2016 | Peer-reviewed | IR/IN/PK tAs, Cd, Pb occurrence in 210 packed long-grain (Indica) rice samples drawn from 10 imported rice types available in retail stores in Torbat-Heidarieh… (n=210) |
| 55 | Chaleshtori et al. 2016. A review of heavy metals in rice (Oryza sativa) of Iran, Toxin Reviews | 2016 | Peer-reviewed | IR Cd, tAs, Pb, Cr, Co, Ni, tHg occurrence in Systematic review aggregating 28 prior studies on heavy metals in rice (Oryza sativa) cultivated in or imported into… (n=28) |
| 56 | Signes-Pastor et al. 2016. Geographical variation in inorganic arsenic in paddy field samples and commercial rice from the Iberian Peninsula, Food Chemistry | 2016 | Peer-reviewed | ES/PT/EU iAs, tAs, Cd concentrations (n=164) |
| 57 | Manus et al. 2015. Rethinking Rice Preparation for Highly Efficient Removal of Inorganic Arsenic Using Percolating Cooking Water, PLOS ONE | 2015 | Peer-reviewed | GB/ES/IT iAs, tAs, DMA occurrence in Forty-one rice samples purchased from UK retailers in Belfast or via UK online retail; 13 wholegrain (unpolished) and… (n=41) |
| 58 | Baxter et al. 2015. Total Diet Study of metals and other elements in food, Food and Environment Research Agency report for the UK Food Standards Agency, Fera report 15/06, project FS102081 | 2015 | Government report | GB Al, Sb, tAs, iAs, Ba, Cd, Cr, Cu, Pb, Mn, tHg, Mo, Ni, Pd, Pt, Sn, Tl, Zn occurrence in 3312 retail food samples from 24 UK locations, combined into 138 prepared-as-consumed food-category composites and 28 food-group composites (n=3312) |
| 59 | Islam et al. 2015. The concentration, source and potential human health risk of heavy metals in the commonly consumed foods in Bangladesh, Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety | 2015 | Peer-reviewed | BD Cr, Ni, Cu, tAs, Cd, Pb occurrence in Commonly consumed meat, egg, fish, milk, vegetable, cereal, and fruit foods collected from agriculture fields, farms, river, and… |
| 60 | Moradi et al. 2015. A Human Health Risk Assessment of Soil and Crops Contaminated by Heavy Metals in Industrial Regions, Central Iran, Human and Ecological Risk Assessment: An International Journal (accepted manuscript, 29 Sep 2015) | 2015 | Peer-reviewed | IR/EU/US Cd, Pb, Ni, Fe occurrence in Twenty-seven edible-crop samples and 27 paired topsoil (0–20 cm) samples drawn from three regions of Isfahan province, central… (n=27) |
| 61 | Naseri et al. 2015. Concentration of Some Heavy Metals in Rice Types Available in Shiraz Market and Human Health Risk Assessment, Food Chemistry (accepted manuscript, 18 Nov 2014; in print 2015) | 2015 | Peer-reviewed | IR/IN/TH Cd, Pb, Cr, Ni, Co occurrence in Fifty rice analytical sub-samples drawn from 210 retail rice packs (each 15–20 kg) purchased from retail stores in… (n=50) |
| 62 | Pirsaheb et al. 2015. Essential and toxic heavy metals in cereals and agricultural products marketed in Kermanshah, Iran, and human health risk assessment, Food Additives & Contaminants: Part B, Surveillance | 2015 | Peer-reviewed | IR Pb, Cd, Cr, Ni, Zn, Cu occurrence in 150 packed cereal samples representing 7 commodity types (rice, wheat, corn, peas, lentil, bean, split peas) collected from… (n=150) |
| 63 | Salehipour et al. 2015. Health Risks from Heavy Metals via Consumption of Cereals and Vegetables in Isfahan Province, Iran, Human and Ecological Risk Assessment: An International Journal | 2015 | Peer-reviewed | IR Pb, tAs, Ni, Zn, Cu occurrence in Seventy edible-part samples of nine commodities — onion (Allium cepa), leek (Allium pp.; species not stated by authors),… (n=70) |
| 64 | CR 2014. Analysis of Arsenic in Rice and Other Grains, Consumer Reports Food Safety and Sustainability Center | 2014 | Industry | US iAs, tAs concentrations (n=697) |
| 65 | EFSA 2014. Dietary exposure to inorganic arsenic in the European population, EFSA Journal 2014;12(3):3597 | 2014 | Government report | EU iAs, tAs concentrations (n=103773) |
| 66 | Islam et al. 2014. Heavy Metals in Cereals and Pulses: Health Implications in Bangladesh, Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry | 2014 | Peer-reviewed | BD Cr, Ni, Cu, Zn, tAs, Cd, Pb occurrence in Composite samples of rice, wheat, maize, lentil, and black gram collected from agricultural fields in the Bogra district… (n=144) |
| 67 | FDA 2013. Analytical Results from Inorganic Arsenic in Rice and Rice Products Sampling, September 2013, U.S. Food and Drug Administration | 2013 | Regulation | US iAs, tAs concentrations (n=1300) |
| 68 | EFSA 2012. Cadmium dietary exposure in the European population, EFSA Journal 2012;10(1):2551 | 2012 | Government report | EU Cd occurrence in Cadmium occurrence results in food submitted to EFSA from 22 EU Member States, 3 European Economic Area or… (n=178541) |
| 69 | Loutfy et al. 2012. Analysis and exposure assessment of some heavy metals in foodstuffs from Ismailia city, Egypt, Toxicological & Environmental Chemistry | 2012 | Peer-reviewed | EG Cd, Pb, Cr, Zn, Cu occurrence in About 350 locally produced individual food samples purchased in 2007 from four local markets around Ismailia city, Egypt,… (n=117) |
| 70 | Meharg et al. 2008. Levels of arsenic in rice - literature review, Food Standards Agency contract C101045 | 2008 | Government report | UK tAs, iAs occurrence in Food Standards Agency-commissioned literature review and secondary tabulation of published, FSA, and University of Aberdeen rice arsenic data,… |
| 71 | Rahman et al. 2007. Accumulation of arsenic in tissues of rice plant (Oryza sativa L.) and its distribution in fractions of rice grain, Chemosphere | 2007 | Peer-reviewed | BD tAs occurrence in Two Bangladesh rice varieties, BRRI dhan28 and BRRI hybrid dhan1, collected from arsenic-affected Satkhira district fields; the paper… |
| 72 | Uneyama et al. 2007. Arsenic in various foods: Cumulative data, Food Additives & Contaminants | 2007 | Peer-reviewed | JP/US/GB tAs, iAs occurrence in Cumulative review of arsenic measurements in food from PubMed, Japanese local-authority research databases, and national food-safety surveillance reports;… |
| 73 | Williams et al. 2007. Market Basket Survey Shows Elevated Levels of As in South Central U.S. Processed Rice Compared to California: Consequences for Human Dietary Exposure, Environmental Science and Technology | 2007 | Peer-reviewed | US tAs, iAs concentrations (n=134) |
| 74 | EC 2004. Assessment of the dietary exposure to arsenic, cadmium, lead and mercury of the population of the EU Member States, Reports on tasks for scientific cooperation, SCOOP Task 3.2.11 | 2004 | Government report | EU/BE/DK tAs, Cd, Pb, tHg occurrence in Occurrence, consumption, and intake submissions for arsenic, cadmium, lead, and mercury from EU Member States and Norway under… |
| 75 | Zhou et al. 2000. Heavy Metal Contamination in Vegetables and Their Control in China, Food Reviews International | 2000 | Peer-reviewed | CN Pb, Cd, tHg, tAs, Cr, Ni, Cu, Zn occurrence in Secondary review of previously published Chinese city surveys of vegetables and some grains. Tables 2-11 reproduce values from… |
Page history
The five most recent substantive edits to this page. The full version history lives in git; when DOI minting comes online (see schema docs), each entry below will also link to a version-pinned DataCite DOI.
| Commit | Date | Description |
|---|---|---|
| ae6c129 | 2026-07-01 | feat(auth): large login + role-based signup screens (design, burgundy) |