Bhat et al. 2022 - Long-Term Operation of Brick-Kilns Led Heavy Metal Contamination of Soil-Plant-Animal Continuum in Kashmir Himalayas
This study measured Pb, Cd, and Cr through a soil-plant-animal continuum near brick kilns in Kashmir, including paddy straw, rice bran, and cow milk.
Key numbers
Source units are mg/kg.
- Milk Pb exceeded the cited maximum permissible level of 0.2 mg/kg in D1 and D2 areas: D2 0.74 +/- 0.30 and D1 0.57 +/- 0.29.
- Paddy straw Pb in D1 was 6.15 +/- 0.38 mg/kg, above the cited 5 mg/kg comparison level.
- Rice bran Pb was comparable in D1 0.56 +/- 0.01 and D2 0.52 +/- 0.01, and higher than D0 0.44 +/- 0.01 and D3 0.40 +/- 0.01.
- Cadmium in soil was higher in D1 23.89 +/- 0.27 and D2 22.57 +/- 1.30 than D3 17.28 +/- 1.08 and D0 15.49 +/- 0.21.
- The abstract states Pb and Cr in milk from cows within 500 m exceeded maximum permissible levels.
Methods
The study analyzed Pb, Cd, and Cr in soil, paddy straw, rice bran, cow milk, and serum after field sampling at distance bands from brick-kiln sites.
Implications
Milk values are directly routeable for dairy context. Rice bran and paddy straw values are feed/plant-context evidence and should not be pooled with finished rice grain unless the matrix distinction is preserved.
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Verification notes
- Source identity checked against DOI 10.30954/2277-940X.03.2022.11 and the downloaded PDF.
- The PDF extraction makes some table rows difficult to reconstruct; this page records only visible values from the abstract/results text.
Page history
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