Overview
Athanasiadis and colleagues measured caffeine and 30 elements by ICP-OES in eight hypertonic, isotonic and hypotonic beverages from a Greek market. Lead, cadmium and arsenic were all at or below 0.01 mg/L. Aluminum was higher in canned products and antimony appeared only in PET-bottled ones.
Key numbers
- Lead 0.003 to 0.01 mg/L across the eight beverages (Table 3).
- Cadmium n.d. to 0.002 mg/L; arsenic 0.003 to 0.009 mg/L (Table 3).
- Aluminum 0.242 to 0.434 mg/L in the three canned samples vs 0.081 to 0.19 mg/L in PET samples (Table 3).
- Antimony 0.002 to 0.003 mg/L, only in PET samples S5 to S8 (Table 3, p. 8).
Methods (brief)
Beverages were degassed, digested with nitric and hydrochloric acid and analysed by ICP-OES (calibration 0.001 to 0.5 mg/L for trace elements). Three replicate analyses per product; check standards every ten runs and acid blanks. No certified reference material or element detection limits are reported.
Evidence Fitness
Eight products, one container each, from one town, with no reference-material QA. Results are per litre of finished beverage. For sports-drink-bases this is a proxy: it measures finished sports and energy drinks, not drink bases or concentrates, so it does not link to that page.
Related evidence
Update history
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