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Root Vegetable Purees

Completeness scorecard

Deterministic gap audit — no score is composite, no cell is LLM-judged. Each chip is re-derivable by re-running tools/evidence/build-ingredient-scorecard.mjs. review: residuals and missing data are worked autonomously via data/evidence/ingredient-scorecard-review-flags.csv and wiki/completeness-gaps.md.

DimensionStatusWhat’s there (auditable counts)What’s missing
D1 Analyte coverage (tier: unset)GAP3/10 HMTc analytes, total n=6only 3/10 analytes have evidence
D2 Regional coveragebelow-tier0 jurisdictionsonly 0 distinct jurisdiction(s)
D3 Anthropogenic evidenceGAPno upstream/attribution sourceslink a supply-chain/ hub page
D4 Background mechanismGAPsection present, 0 drivers, 0 upstream source(s)drivers[] empty; no upstream source to substantiate
D5 Pooling depthTHINCd THIN, tHg THIN, tAs THINCd: needs 1 more study(ies); tHg: needs 1 more study(ies); tAs: needs 1 more study(ies)
D6 SpeciationOKiAs, tHg, tAs declared
D7 Basis declarationGAP0/10 populated cells declare a basis token10 populated cell(s) lack a basis token: Pb, Cd, iAs, tHg, Ni, Al, Cr, Sn, tAs, U
D8 Provenance integrityGAP4 claims checked, 4 supported; 2 citations, 0 orphan, 2 foreign2 foreign citation(s) not naming root-vegetable-purees: fda-ctz-Pb-babyfood-2025, codex-cxs-193-1995
D9 MitigationOK1 cited lever(s), 6 mitigation/ link(s)
D10 Regulatory coverageOK2 rule link(s), 0 metal(s) coveredunmapped analytes: Cd, tHg, tAs
D11 Standards-readinessNOT-READYpriority: Cd, tHg, tAs; pairing 0 paired, 3 single, 0 unpairedCd: THIN, needs 1 more study(ies); tHg: THIN, needs 1 more study(ies); tAs: THIN, needs 1 more study(ies); basis: 10 populated cell(s) lack a basis token: Pb, Cd, iAs, tHg, Ni, Al, Cr, Sn, tAs, U; consumption tier unset (depth bar uncheckable)
Principle balanceflagconsumer-protection 0.50, contamination-reduction 1.00, brand-value 0.00, legal-defensibility 0.38, scale 0.25spread 1.00 — starved: brand-value

This is a structural ingredient node created so product pages can link to a real wiki target. Occurrence values remain pending until a source is promoted for this ingredient.

Heavy metal contamination profile

Per-analyte snapshot derived from the machine-readable contamination_profile in the frontmatter above. data gap indicates the literature has been reviewed for this commodity-analyte combination and no usable occurrence data was found (a finding, not a placeholder). The Key sources column shows the top 2-3 contributing sources by year and sample size, with numbered wikilink aliases.

AnalyteCoverageTypical (ppb)p95 (ppb)ConfidenceKey sources
Pbdata gap
Cdn=20.433–55low
iAsdata gap
tAsn=20.053–1212low
tHgn=20–1.51.5low
Nidata gap
Aldata gap
Crdata gap
Sndata gap
Udata gap

Routing

This node is linked from root-vegetable-purees.

Contamination Profile State

The machine-readable contamination profile is pending. Ingredient-level values belong here once parsed; finished-product values belong on the relevant product-category page.

Sources

No source pages are currently cited for this ingredient node.

Why this commodity accumulates heavy metals

Root vegetable purees is the aggregate ingredient label for infant-and-toddler purees made from root-vegetable bases including carrots, sweet potatoes, beets, parsnips, white potatoes, and similar tuber-and-root crops. Root vegetables accumulate Pb at the soil-root interface and Cd via cortical uptake during plant growth; this is documented in detail on the vegetables aggregate page. Root-vegetable purees inherit the source-vegetable metal profile, with Pb particularly concentrated relative to non-root vegetables because root vegetables grow directly in soil where legacy Pb-contamination concentrates.

The FDA Closer to Zero baby-food Pb action level differentiates root vegetable purees (20 ppb Pb) from non-root vegetable purees (10 ppb Pb) specifically because root vegetables carry the higher baseline Pb from soil-contact. The HMTc panel concerns for root vegetable purees are Pb (dominant), Cd, and trace iAs (in root vegetables grown in As-affected regions). Routes into root-vegetable-purees (Cat 1 row for infant root-vegetable products).

Ranges by source, region, and variety

Variance within root vegetable purees tracks the source-vegetable mix (carrot-only vs sweet-potato-only vs mixed-root-vegetable formulations), source-region soil profile (industrial-region or urban-garden production carries elevated Pb; commercial agricultural production sits at moderate baseline; certified-clean-soil production sits at lower baseline), and processing tier. Carrot-based purees are the most common single-vegetable infant product; sweet potato is the second-most-common; beet, parsnip, and white potato purees are less common.

Processing effects

Root-vegetable puree manufacturing involves washing, peeling (substantial Pb reduction by removing surface-deposited Pb), cooking, pureeing, and packaging (jar, pouch, or aseptic carton). Peeling is the dominant processing-stage mitigation lever for root-vegetable Pb; the peeled-and-cooked puree carries substantially lower per-mass Pb than the unpeeled raw vegetable. Sterilization (retort processing for jarred and pouched products) does not affect metals.

Ingredient-derivative risk

Root vegetable purees route into Cat 1 row root-vegetable-purees as the primary infant feeding product family. Derivatives include single-vegetable purees (carrot puree, sweet potato puree, beet puree) and mixed-root-vegetable purees. Mixed-meals products containing root vegetables alongside grains, proteins, or other ingredients dilute the per-product root-vegetable metal load.

Mitigation options

Sourcing levers (supply-chain-screening) are dominant. Source-vegetable origin specification favoring documented low-soil-Pb production regions; supplier-soil verification programs; and contractual Pb/Cd ceiling on incoming root vegetables for infant-product manufacturers operating to tight specifications.

Agronomic levers (agronomic) operate at the root-vegetable cultivation stage. Soil pH management; soil amendments (biochar, lime); cultivar selection; remediation of urban-and-industrial production sites.

Processing levers (processing) include thorough peeling for maximum Pb reduction; washing optimization; and avoidance of equipment-cleaning chemicals that could introduce metals.

Formulation levers (formulation) include partial substitution of higher-Pb root vegetables (beet) with lower-Pb alternatives (carrot, sweet potato) where the matrix permits.

Testing and QC levers (testing-and-qc) include lot-level Pb, Cd testing on finished root-vegetable purees against FDA Closer to Zero 20 ppb Pb action level for root vegetable purees (FDA 2025).

Packaging and storage levers (packaging-and-storage) include glass-jar, pouch, or aseptic-carton packaging (modern infant-food packaging); avoidance of older soldered or unlined-metal storage.

Regulatory limits that apply

  • eu-2023-915 — EU Reg. 2023/915 sets binding maximum levels for Pb and Cd in infant-and-young-child foods.
  • FDA Closer to Zero baby-food Pb action level: 20 ppb for root vegetable purees (FDA 2025).
  • Codex Alimentarius CXS 193-1995 (Codex 1995) sets infant-food category limits.
  • California Prop 65 (california-prop65) Pb MADL applies to root-vegetable-puree products sold in California.

Page history

The five most recent substantive edits to this page. The full version history lives in git; when DOI minting comes online (see schema docs), each entry below will also link to a version-pinned DataCite DOI.

CommitDateDescription
b0f3d382026-06-12batch | corpus rescreen b04 old terminal skips