Monitoring Heavy Metal Contamination in the Pineapple (Ananas comosus) Cultivated tracts of Kerala, India

Overview

This study measured Pb, Ni, Cd, and Fe in pineapple cultivated soil, reference soil, roots, leaves, and fruits from Kerala, India.

Key numbers

Source units are mg/kg.

• Pineapple fruit: Pb below detectable limit; Ni 3; Cd 4; Fe 145.6.
• Pineapple roots: Pb 8; Ni 6; Cd 20.5; Fe 204.
• Pineapple leaves: Pb 2; Ni 4.4; Cd 13.8; Fe 184.97.
• Cultivated soil: Pb 39.73; Ni 10.42; Cd 62.33; Fe 25168.
• Reference soil: Pb 4; Ni 1.26; Cd 10; Fe 11356.
• Fruit bioconcentration factors reported in the abstract: Pb 0, Ni 0.2879, Cd 0.0641.

Methods

The study estimated Pb, Ni, Cd, and Fe using atomic absorption spectrophotometry and calculated transfer, enrichment, contamination, and geoaccumulation indices.

Implications

The fruit values are routeable for pineapple ingredient context, while root, leaf, and soil values are context-only for plant uptake and field contamination.

Wiki pages this source may touch

• Pineapple
• Fresh Fruit
• Lead
• Nickel
• Cadmium

Verification notes

• Source identity checked against DOI 10.47191/ijcsrr/V4-i5-14 and the downloaded PDF.
• The PDF text reports high soil Cd; fruit Cd is separately reported as 4 mg/kg and should not be pooled with soil values.
• Matrices narrowed to pineapple-fruit and soil (controlled-vocabulary terms). Pineapple roots and leaves are measured in the source but are not consumed matrices; their values appear in ## Key numbers as plant-uptake context only and intentionally do not drive routing.
• AAS instrument detail (flame vs graphite furnace), reference materials, LODs, and per-metal QC are not reported by the source; the methods section reflects only what is in the paper.

Update history

This page has no substantive edit history yet. Future revisions will be recorded here once the change lands in git.