This study measured 12 preservatives in 105 dishwashing detergents and 105 wet wipes sold to Korean consumers, then estimated exposure for adults and babies with a Monte Carlo margin-of-safety model. Benzoic acid was the most often found preservative in the detergents (41% of products; content 0.28 to 19.4 mg/g where present). Cetylpyridinium chloride was the most often found preservative in the wet wipes (30% of products; content 0.003 to 0.64 mg/g where present). The authors report that median and upper-limit margins of safety were above their safety target, and that modeled exposure from wet wipes was several times higher in babies than in adults. No heavy metal was measured. Preservative product rows are not in the ledger.
Key numbers
This source does not report a heavy-metal concentration, a metal release value, or a metal limit of its own.
Methods (brief)
Market-survey samples of hand dishwashing detergents and skin wet wipes were extracted in methanol, with a separate dilution of expressed wet-wipe lotion. Twelve preservatives were quantified by liquid chromatography-triple quadrupole mass spectrometry and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Exposure used Korean use-frequency and amount distributions. Risk was expressed as a margin of safety. Sensitivity analysis identified amount used, frequency of use, and preservative weight fraction as the main drivers.
Evidence fitness
Measured occurrence of preservatives, not metals, in Korean dishwashing detergents and skin wet wipes, plus a probabilistic margin-of-safety assessment for adults and babies.
They do not support Any heavy-metal concentration. No metal was measured; A baby-wipe-only sample. The wipes are described as wet wipes for skin, with baby exposure modeled separately from adult exposure.
Limitations
Preservative study only. Wet wipes are not identified in the extract as infant-specific products, although baby exposure was modeled. Individual product identities are not used here. The margin-of-safety conclusion is the authors’ risk judgment for preservatives, not a metal limit.
Related evidence
Update history
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