International Journal of Scientific Engineering and Research (IJSER)

Overview

This source page is a mechanical bulk-ingest record for a PDF in the methylmercury infant-formula research pull. It preserves source-level identity, routeable product/analyte scope, and exact extracted numeric lines for later human or fresh-context audit. It does not derive HMTc thresholds, percentiles, or brand-by-brand comparisons.

Key numbers

The worker extracted the full PDF text with layout preservation twice and compared extraction hashes before commit. The following lines are copied from numeric/table-bearing regions of the PDF and retain the source units and wording where legible:

• ISSN (Online): 2347-3878
• G. Narayana Murthy1, Balarama Swamy Yadav Padala2
• analyzed for elemental levels by using Inductively Coupled Plasma - Mass Spectroscopy (ICP - MS), to measure the values of 6 essential
• 1. Introduction is widely used as leafy vegetable. Three villages
• them are having harmful elements also at high levels area are provided in Fig.1.
• (Murthy and Yadav, 2024). Wild varieties, found in natural
• are mainly grown for culinary purposes (Kumar, 2020). Premnaplants are shrubs or small trees nearly 10 - 15 feet
• elemental values in a wild leafy vegetable. Lateral veins 4 - 8 on either side of lamina, they are
• 2. Materials and Methods or axillary. It is panicle or compact cyme. Flowers are
• 2.1 Study area (Kumar et al, 2017).
• ISSN (Online): 2347-3878
• 2.3 Sample Collection digestion of material (Pequerul et al., 1993). The residue was
• Studies on Bay of Bengal), Andhra University, (HDPE) bottles of 100 ml volume for further use at room
• was carried out to digest all organic matter in the samples. 3. Results and Discussion
• 2.4 Methodology and Wet digestion: Many elements are essential for proper functioning
• temperatures (above 6000 0C), complexes and or residuals in Table and Fig.2.
• Mn, Fe, Co, Cu, and Zn) levels. Initially0.5 g leaf sample is Kusumapuram 11.67 8.5 15.73 0.03 0.47 8.91
• left overnight. The solution was heated on a hot plate at 120 Borivanka 17.22 3.3 23.63 0.04 0.32 9.81
• ISSN (Online): 2347-3878
• Figure 2: Essential trace element values (ppm) in Premna latifolia Roxb. from three villages
• and Varaka (7.64). There is an increasing trend in Al defense and cellular energy production.
• (15.67), followed by Kusumapuram (8.5) and Borivanka healing, and the sense of taste and smell.
• (3.3). There is a decreasing trend in Mn levels from
• (15.73). There is an increasing trend in Fe levels from extracts contain bioactive compounds, including flavonoids,
• course it requires in minute values. Varaka (0.06) having Methanolic extracts from leaves and bark exhibit the highest
• the high values, followed by Borivanka (0.04) and phenolic and flavonoid content, indicating strong antioxidant
• Kusumapuram (0.03). There is a minimal fluctuation in and free radical scavenging activity (Pushpa, 2019), and the
• Borivanka (0.32). There is an increasing trend in Cu Authors are thankful to Director CSBoB, Andhra University
• (6.59). There is an increasing trend in Zn levels from
• Varaka, Kusumapuram to Borivanka. (1) Murthy, G. N., Yadav, P. B. S. (2024) Elemental levels
• trends may be influenced by factors such as geological Journal of Food Composition and Analysis.126:
• composition, environmental conditions, and human activities 105868. https: //doi. org/10.1016/j. jfca.2023.105868.
• in each area. (2) Pequerul, A., Perez, C., Madero, P., Val, J., Monge, E.,
• (1993). A rapid wet digestion method for plant analysis.
•  Aluminium: It may play a role in some enzymatic Developments in Plant and Soil Sciences, vol 53.
•  Manganese: Essential for the activation of enzymes (3) https: //doi. org/10.1007/978 - 94 - 017 - 2496 - 8_1
• involved in bone formation, blood clotting, and reducing (4) Kumar, B, Sandhya, D., Solomon Raju. A. (2017). On
• synthesis of certain enzymes and proteins. (5) Rekha, S. (2018) Nutritional Analysis of Few Selected
•  Cobalt: An essential component of vitamin B12 Wild Edible Leafy Vegetables of Tribal of Jharkhand,
• blood cell formation, and neurological function. and Applied Sciences.7 (2): 1323 - 1329.
• ISSN (Online): 2347-3878
• (7) Pushpa, R., and Diksha, N. (2019) Phytochemical

Methods (brief)

• latifolia Roxb.) Samples for Essential Trace
• Elements using ICP - MS Technique
• organs. Premna is one such wild leafy vegetable, leaves of Premna have been collected from three different villages, these samples are
• analyzed for elemental levels by using Inductively Coupled Plasma - Mass Spectroscopy (ICP - MS), to measure the values of 6 essential
• elements in each sample. Essential trace elements Al, Mn, Fe, Co, Cu, and Zn have been measured for their levels. The concentration of
• Keywords: ICP - MS, Trace elements, Wild plants, Leafy vegetables, Nutrition value
• Wild and cultivated leafy vegetables are rich sources of selectedand the samples are collected from these villages
• 2.3 Sample Collection digestion of material (Pequerul et al., 1993). The residue was
• Samples have been collected from the fields directly; kept in cool to room temperature diluted to known volume (50ml)
• Visakhapatnam. Samples have been washed twice with temperature.
• distilled water, shade dried and then acid digestion process
• was carried out to digest all organic matter in the samples. 3. Results and Discussion
• 2.4 Methodology and Wet digestion: Many elements are essential for proper functioning
• ICP - MS technique is followed to estimate the elemental the levels of essential trace elements (Aluminum,
• levels in the sample. There are advantages to ICP - MS Manganese, Iron, Cobalt, Copper, Zinc) in different
• accurate wet digestion method is followed for the digestion latifolia Roxb. from three villages
• of plant samples and subsequent analysis of elemental (Al, Location Al Mn Fe Co Cu Zn
• Mn, Fe, Co, Cu, and Zn) levels. Initially0.5 g leaf sample is Kusumapuram 11.67 8.5 15.73 0.03 0.47 8.91

Implications

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Wiki pages this source may touch

• Fish — marine, non-predatory (sardines, anchovies, salmon, cod)
• Aluminum

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Update history

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