and heavy metal content. In parallel, cherry pomace obtained during juice processing of

Overview

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Mariana Rusu 1,2 , Irina Gabriela Cara 2 , Iuliana Motrescu 3 , Florina Stoica 1 , Denis Constantin T, opa 1
1 Department of Pedotechnics, Faculty of Agriculture, “Ion Ionescu de la Brad” Iasi University of Life Sciences,
3 Mihail Sadoveanu Alley, 700489 Iasi, Romania; mariana.rusu@iuls.ro (M.R.); florina.stoica@iuls.ro (F.S.);
2 Research Institute for Agriculture and Environment, “Ion Ionescu de la Brad” Iasi University of Life Sciences,
700490 Iasi, Romania; irina.cara@iuls.ro
3 Department of Exact Sciences, Faculty of Horticulture, “Ion Ionescu de la Brad” Iasi University of Life
Sciences, 700489 Iasi, Romania; iuliana.motrescu@iuls.ro
formulations at 5% and 10% addition levels in order to assess its bioactive potential. The
(HI = 3.18 × 10−2 ). The dried cherry pomace powder was characterized by high dietary
fiber content (49.83 g/100 g dw), substantial total polyphenols (1046.80 mg GAE/100 g dw),
anthocyanins (123.27 mg C3G/100 g dw), and antioxidant activity (21.43 µM TE/g dw). Its
drate, fiber, phytochemical content, and antioxidant activity, with the 10% level showing
the highest functional enhancement. Sensory evaluation indicated that the 5% formulation
Received: 29 April 2026 circular food innovation; by-product valorization
conditions of the Creative Commons availability, sensory attributes, and complex biochemical composition (1). The fruits are
lectively define their sensory quality and functional properties (2,3). At the global scale,
of total output, estimated at approximately 2.77 million tons (4). Romania benefits from
development, and fruit set (6). Sweet cherry is particularly sensitive to suboptimal soil
and slightly acidic to neutral pH (7). In parallel, climatic factors, including solar radiation,
able acidity, pH, mineral composition, and the accumulation of bioactive compounds (6).
tional and technological relevance (9,10). The conversion of this material into dried cherry
dried cherry pomace powder was obtained and characterized; and its incorporation at 5%
and 10% levels was assessed in relation to the nutritional, functional, technological, and
1. Materials and Methods
Station (47◦ 15′ N, 27◦ 30′ E), part of the Ion Ionescu de la Brad University of Life Sciences,
Iasi (IULS) (Figure 1). The experimental site is located in the Jijia Plain (Moldavian Plateau),
Figure 1. Experimental framework: (A) geographical position of Romania within Europe, (B) location
During the study period (April–June 2024), the mean air temperature was 18.02 ◦ C,
on 14 March 2025) (11). The soil is classified as aric-cambic chernozem (WRB, 2014), with a
2.2. Biological Material and Experimental Design
evaluated cultivars is presented in Figure 1.
Sampling was performed at harvest (June 2024). Fruit samples were collected from
at −20 ◦ C until analysis.
Soil samples were collected from the 0–20 cm root zone using a soil auger after removal
of surface residues. Samples were air-dried, homogenized, and sieved (2 mm) prior
2.4. Methodology of Determining Physicochemical Parameters of Soil
Soil pH was measured potentiometrically (1:2.5 soil:water) using a calibrated pH
meter (13). Soil organic matter and organic carbon contents were determined by the
Walkley–Black dichromate oxidation method (14).
Total nitrogen (N) was determined using the Kjeldahl method (15). Available potas-
etry. Available phosphorus (P) was extracted with 0.5 M NaHCO3 solution at pH 8.5 and
determined colorimetrically using the ascorbic acid method (16).

Methods (brief)

2.3. Sample Procedure
Sampling was performed at harvest (June 2024). Fruit samples were collected from
Soil samples were collected from the 0–20 cm root zone using a soil auger after removal
of surface residues. Samples were air-dried, homogenized, and sieved (2 mm) prior
2.5. Measuring Heavy Metals in Samples
samples were determined by flame atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS ContrAA 700,
Analytik Jena, Jena, Germany) following microwave-assisted acid digestion (SCP Science,
Soil samples (1 g) were digested using a mixture of 6 mL nitric acid (HNO3 , 65%) and
2.5 mL hydrochloric acid (HCl), whereas fruit samples (1 g) were subjected to digestion
dish at 200 ◦ C for 20 min with a power of 1000 W. After microwave digestion, the resulting
solutions (pH 4.01 and 7.01) (23). The vitamin C content of the fruit samples was estimated
extraction, and ash content was determined by incinerating 5 g of sample in a muffle
by atomic absorption spectroscope (ContrAA 700, Analytik Jena, Jena, Germany) according
was collected for phytochemical analyses.
Three dairy-based spreadable product variants were prepared: a control sample
without cherry pomace addition and two experimental samples containing 5% and 10%
Sample preparation was carried out in several steps. First, the spreadable cream
The value-added dairy-based spreadable samples were physicochemically character-

Implications

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Update history

The five most recent substantive edits to this page, classified major (evidence or structure moved), correction (a published value or statement was wrong and has been fixed), or minor (narrative rewritten without changing the underlying evidence). Each description is derived from what the edit did to this page; the linked commit is the authoritative record, routine regeneration passes are excluded, and the full version history lives in git. When DOI minting comes online (see schema docs), each entry below will also link to a version-pinned DataCite DOI.

Commit	Date	Change	Description
3171d06	2026-08-02	major	1 section added
bc84bfc	2026-08-02	major	6 sections added; narrative text revised