rapid and in-situ detection of different heavy metals in

Overview

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Key numbers

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• World Health Organization, in order of 9.6 ppb for Cu2+, 1.9 ppb for Zn2+, 0.9 ppb for Hg2+, and
• 4.2 ppb for Pb2+. Impressively, the elaborated sensor has demonstrated also high stability,
• Nanometal salts (H2PtCl2⋅6H2O ≥ 99.9%), acetates buffer, metals including CuCl2, Pb(NO3)2, ZnSO4 and HgCl2 were obtained from
• Sigma Aldrich. Natural polymers (Gum Arabic) were purchased from Kingdom of Saudi Arabia market. Solvents like acetone (98%)
• and ethanol (98%) were from Thermo-Fisher (France). All chemicals were used without further purification. All the solutions were
• 6.575 mg is put in an alumina pan and heated under air with a range of 24 ◦ C/10.0 (K/min)/800 ◦ C.
• platinum gum Arabic were dissolved in DMF solution. The final obtained ratio is equal to 5 wt%. The mixture was sonicated for 1 h to
• platinum nanoparticles. The mentioned spectra show a mass loss of 5%, confirming the fact that the gum Arabic formation on the
• selected: acetate buffer, KCL and KNO3 with a concentration equal to 0.1 M Fig. 5 (a). After surface incubation with 50 ppb of different
• to the formula: LOD = 3(SD/S). While the sensitivities are calculated from the slope of the calibration plots.
• Table 1 shows that nanoparticles have remarkably reduced the detection limit for all heavy metals, with an important enhancement
• Illustrative table of range game, limit of detection LOD, the correlation coefficient R2, and the sensitivity of different heavy metals on the GA/SPE and
• Range game (ppb) 2–150 2–150 1–200 1–200 5–300 5–300 10–300 10–300
• LOD (ppb) 2 1.9 1 0.9 5 4.2 10 9.6
• Sensitivity (μA/ppb) 6.82 22.76 6.82 22.76 7.81 40.16 5.44 21.58
• To more highlight the success of the elaborated nanoparticles to detect heavy metals, we have illustrated in Table 2, a comparative
• metals reducing by protein or polymer extracted from different plants. From the analytical parameters presented on Tables 2 and it can
• β-cyclodextrin (β-CD)-graphene -Au Electrochemical Pb2+ 40–1200 μg L− 1 10.6 μg L− 1 (41)
• Cd2+ 5–160 ppm 0.048 ppm
• Gum Arabic-Pt Electrochemical Zn2+ 2–150 ppm 1.9 ppm The present work
• Hg2+ 1–200 ppm 0.9 ppm
• Pb2+ 5–300 ppm 4.2 ppm
• solution containing different heavy metals concentrations 80, 90, and 100 ppm. Table 3 showed that the recoveries of Cu2+, Pb2+, Hg2+
• As presented in Table 3, the acceptable average recoveries for of Cu2+, Pb2+, Hg2+ and Zn2+ are obtained in the order of 95–110%.
• limit of detection which was in order of 9.6 ppb for Cu2+, 1.9 ppb for Zn2+, 0.9 ppb for Hg2+, and 4.2 ppb for Pb2+. While the sen­
• (2) Y. Gelaye, S. Musie, Impacts of heavy metal pollution on Ethiopian agriculture review on the safety and quality of vegetable crops, Advances in Agriculture 2023
• (6) I. Ashraf, F. Ahmad, A. Sharif, A.R. Altaf, H. Teng, Heavy metals assessment in water , soil , vegetables and their associated health risks via consumption of
• vegetables , District Kasur, SN Appl. Sci. 3 (2021) 1–16.
• functionalized -cyclodextrin-graphene, Hybrids 15 (2020) 1517–1528.

Methods (brief)

• SWV detection. Real sample
• metal ions separately, with a lower limit of detection lower LOD than that recommended by the
• various heavy metal ions in real samples, reflecting then its promising prospect in practical
• Different conventional methods, ion chromatography, coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS), UV–vis spectrometry, atomic
• absorption spectroscopy (AAS), atomic Emission, and inductively-coupled-plasma mass spectrometry (ICP/MS) have been used as the
• expensive (18,19). In addition, the operations are very complicated and the large amount of time required for sample processing limits
• nanoparticles, we have grouped the range game, limit of detection LOD, the correlation coefficient R2, and the sensitivity in Table 1.
• to the formula: LOD = 3(SD/S). While the sensitivities are calculated from the slope of the calibration plots.
• Illustrative table of range game, limit of detection LOD, the correlation coefficient R2, and the sensitivity of different heavy metals on the GA/SPE and
• LOD (ppb) 2 1.9 1 0.9 5 4.2 10 9.6
• Surface modification Transduction technique Heavy metals Linear range LOD Ref
• β-cyclodextrin (β-CD)-graphene -Au Electrochemical Pb2+ 40–1200 μg L− 1 10.6 μg L− 1 (41)
• Real samples of water Hg2+ 80 83 ∓ 1.2 103.75
• 3.2.4. Real sample investigation
• Sensor validation with real sample is a crucial step in sensor design, it determinate in fact the ability of sensor to recognize the
• specific analyte even in very complicated media. To investigate this parameter, real samples of water were taken from farm water in
• Regarding these encouraging performances, the elaborated sensor was applied for these metals’ detection in real sample. The
• (8) W. Samples, Nanocomposites for electrochemical sensors and their applications on the detection of trace metals in environmental, Sensors 21 (2021) 131.

Implications

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Update history

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