Overview
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Key numbers
The worker extracted the full PDF text with layout preservation twice and compared extraction hashes before commit. The following lines are copied from numeric/table-bearing regions of the PDF and retain the source units and wording where legible:
- ABSTRACT: The study objective was to deter- PB6 product and 450 ppb DM chromium pro-
- load blocks of crossbred beef bulls (n = 300) except total CO2 (P = 0.34) and all complete
- and steers (n = 84; total n = 384; average ini- blood count variables during receiving (P ≤ 0.02)
- signed randomly to treatments arranged in a 2 × decreased (P = 0.02) by CHR. Cattle fed CHR
- two bulls nearest to the median BW on arrival neutrophil count (P = 0.02) during the overall re-
- in each pen (n = 96) and fecal samples were col- ceiving period. Fecal Salmonella spp. count was
- B. subtilis PB6 product (CST); 3) 450 ppb dry found to be effective in mitigating fecal enumer-
- supplemental chromium approved for use in beef Crossbred beef bulls (n = 300) and steers (n = 84;
- cattle in the United States and may be included total n = 384; average initial body weight (BW) = 220 ±
- up to 0.50 mg/kg of diet dry matter (DM) (Spears 16.2 kg) were sourced from regional auction markets
- Industries, Des Moines, IA; CST); 3) 450 ppb DM the analysis of complete blood count (CBC) vari-
- Kemin Industries; CHR); and 4) 13 g per animal atocrit, mean corpuscular volume, mean corpuscular
- daily prepared B. subtilis PB6 product and 450 ppb hemoglobin, mean corpuscular hemoglobin concen-
- and ear tags. The two study periods were the receiving via rectal grab from cattle in block 3 (n = 96) on
- BRD (n = 8), poor performance with suspected designated samples as described previously (Agga
- Mycoplasma bovis infection (n = 1), difficulty et al., 2016).
- standing with suspected peritonitis/enteritis (n = 1),
- castration error (n = 1), and rectal prolapse (n = 1). Statistical Analysis
- each pen (n = 96) were selected to obtain represen- 2 × 2 factorial as a generalized complete block de-
- tendencies were discussed when 0.05 > P ≤ 0.10. Serum calcium was decreased by CHR (Table 2;
- 0–56; Table 1; P ≤ 0.03) except total CO2 (P ≥ 0.34). albumin (P ≥ 0.11), the protein bound to approxi-
- (Table 2; P = 0.04), an enzyme associated with As a result of limited or no feed and water
- chemistry day effects (Table 1) clearly indicate the this could indicate that calves were liberating pro-
- Table 2. Effect of Bacillus subtilis PB6 and/or chromium propionate supplementation on serum chemistry
- CON = negative control; CST = 13 g per animal daily DM inclusion of prepared Bacillus subtilis PB6 product (CLOSTAT, Kemin Industries,
- Des Moines, IA); CHR = 450 ppb DM chromium propionate (KemTRACE Chromium, Kemin Industries); CST + CHR = 13 g per animal daily
- DM inclusion of prepared Bacillus subtilis PB6 product + 450 ppb DM chromium propionate.
- Figure 1. Effect of day on blood urea nitrogen in high-risk cattle. Day means with different superscript letters differ, P < 0.01.
- 2004). Conversely, total protein was least on day ing the receiving period (Table 3; P ≤ 0.02) except
- P < 0.01). This is intuitive considering the lack of creased (Table 4; P = 0.05) hemoglobin concentra-
- Figure 2. Effect of day on serum glucose concentration in high-risk cattle. Day means with different superscript letters differ, P < 0.01.
- Hematocrit, % 36.92c 36.87c 38.71b 40.75a — <0.01 0.02 0.39
- Basophils, % 0.0278 0.0247 0.0167 0.0167 — 0.12 0.79 0.63
- The reference range for bovine is 0.4–0.6. Day means with different superscript letters differ, P ≤ 0.03.
- white blood cells and is closely linked to dehydration Mean corpuscular volume was greater (P < 0.01)
- orally drenched high-risk calves with water to rap- CHR; P < 0.01). Likewise, mean corpuscular hemo-
- Table 4. Effect of Bacillus subtilis PB6 and/or chromium propionate supplementation on complete blood
- Hematocrit, % 39.93a 37.94b 37.31b 38.07b — 0.37 0.07 0.05
- Basophils, % 0.0240 0.0250 0.0219 0.0129 — 0.40 0.17 0.50
- CON = control; CST = 13 g per animal daily DM inclusion of prepared Bacillus subtilis PB6 product (CLOSTAT, Kemin Industries, Des
- Moines, IA); CHR = 450 ppb DM chromium propionate (KemTRACE Chromium, Kemin Industries); CST + CHR = 13 g per animal daily DM
- inclusion of prepared Bacillus subtilis PB6 product + 450 ppb DM chromium propionate.
Methods (brief)
- 2 factorial. Blood samples were collected from had greater total leukocyte count (P = 0.04) and
- in each pen (n = 96) and fecal samples were col- ceiving period. Fecal Salmonella spp. count was
- signed to treatment. Experimental treatments were: rubin, and total protein. A second blood sample was
-
- negative control (CON); 2) 13 g per animal daily collected into an evacuated tube containing 7.2 mg
- 500-kg-capacity commodity bins. Experimental treat- sample was collected and analyzed for CBC.
- and technicians were blinded to experimental treat- Fecal samples to determine colony-forming
- ment by assignment of color codes to treatment pens unit (CFU) count of Salmonella spp. were collected
- day 0 until harvest. (≥200 CFU/g fecal sample) was determined using
- BRD (n = 8), poor performance with suspected designated samples as described previously (Agga
- tative blood samples for the entirety of the study. sign (n = 4 blocks; block = truckload), where factor
- Blood samples were collected at each BW collection was CST or CHR and level was “yes” (product was
- blood was collected via jugular venipuncture into supplemented in the diet). There were 12 pen repli-
- Blood samples were allowed to clot, then centrifuged serum chemistry and CBC analyses, three- and two-
- For all analyses, differences between least ever, in addition to the relatively low sample size,
- A fecal Salmonella spp. count of ≥ 200 CFU/g rep- present study is a landmark observation among
- resents enumerable levels in the fecal sample and DFM products under natural exposure conditions
- 28—a landmark observation in beef cattle under nat- mononuclear leukocytes. J. Clin. Endo. Met. 51:599–605.
- merckvetmanual.com/. aas.2018-01796.
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Update history
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