Methylmercury With Child Cognitive Development

Overview

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Key numbers

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• Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (1991–2000), Bristol, United Kingdom. A subgroup (n = 1,127
• rs1042838 (progesterone receptor) (β = −11.8, 95% confidence interval: −23.0, −0.6; P for interaction = 0.004)
• and weakly for rs662 (paraoxonase 1) (β = −3.6, 95% confidence interval: −11.4, 4.3; P = 0.117). In the joint sam-
• other candidate SNPs in the overall sample (n = 2,172). (DMA-80; Milestone, Inc., Shelton, Connecticut) at the Uni-
• exposure and child cognitive deficits at age 8 years while morphisms with a minor allele frequency of at least 10%, and
• dictionary and variable search tool (18). Based on the availabil- The mean age at assessment was 8.5 years (standard devia-
• Assessment (n = 6,733)
• Measurements (n = 3,297)
• Measurements (n = 2,172
• study n = 90; extended study n = 137) and marginal impact tration during pregnancy (32). Maternal long-chain fatty acid
• therefore used to assess the relationship between methylmer- μg/L (19). The mercury concentration showed associations
• allele frequency (<10%) or poor imputation quality (R2 < 0.8) descriptive results. Higher strata of maternal social class and
• methylmercury, multiple comparisons were addressed by cor- and joint sample analyses (Table 1). No changes were observed
• RESULTS associations are shown in Table 2. The full models in Table 1
• Table 1. Adjusted Regression Coefficients for Cord-Mercury Concentration as a Predictor of 8-Year Psychometric Outcomes in the New and
• β and 95% CI for log10(cord-mercury (ng/g)).
• Table 2. Adjusted Regression Coefficients for Cord-Mercury Concentration as a Predictor of the 8-Year Psychometric Outcomes in the
• β and 95% CI for log10(cord-mercury (ng/g)).
• Selenium (median, 111 ug/l); lead (median, 3 ug/L); vitamin D total (median, 64 nmol/L); cotinine (median, 27 ng/mL).
• and the results were unchanged (Web Table 3). All the findings presented in Tables 4 and 5 were unchanged
• shown in Table 3. The first 4 SNPs were previously selected The same models were repeated for the joint samples with
• while the additional SNPs emerged after examination of the were unchanged (see Web Table 4). We further observed a lin-
• The results in Table 4 show gene-environment interaction maternal healthy diet score during pregnancy and child pro-
• analyses—within the pilot, extended, and joint sample mate- cessed diet score (Web Table 5).
• rection in the joint sample. Furthermore, as shown in Table 5, stantial attenuation of the positive coefficient was observed
• Table 3. Cord-Mercury Concentrations According to Selected Child Genotypes in the Pilot and the Combined Groups, Avon Longitudinal Study
• Table 4. Adjusted Regression Coefficientsa for the Cord-Mercury Concentration (ng/g) as a Predictor of Intelligence Quotient According to
• The alleles 12 and 22 were combined into a unique category due to low number of observations (22 alleles <10% of the total sample).
• Table 5. Adjusted Regression Coefficientsa for the Cord-Mercury Concentration (ng/g) as a Predictor of Total
• The alleles 12 and 22 were combined into a unique category due to low number of observations (22 alleles <10%
• study reported that male children’s verbal learning scores GINS variant at about 30% in the Faroes, most of the esti-

Methods (brief)

• previously identified and then explored the possible impact of concentration was determined using a direct mercury analyzer
• other candidate SNPs in the overall sample (n = 2,172). (DMA-80; Milestone, Inc., Shelton, Connecticut) at the Uni-
• Cord samples were taken by the midwife at birth and frozen The final models previously published (8) also adjusted for
• at −20°C. Samples were defrosted briefly to divide them into the healthy component of the diet during pregnancy and esti-
• on the final models (shown as secondary analyses). Allowing concentrations in red-cell membranes from blood samples
• findings, compared with pilot sample analyses previously acid, were measured in a subgroup and included in sensitivity
• published (8). The extended set of samples showed higher analyses. Figure 1 shows numbers of participants with these
• sample (data not shown), and adjustment for maternal social
• tration during pregnancy (30), maternal serum 25(OH)D were based on complete data sets comprising both subsamples.
• examined for possible replication in the extended sample. As a the mercury concentration and the calculated omega-3 fatty
• heuristic, in the total sample, the SNPs were scanned for “main acid intake from seafood consumption during pregnancy was
• methylmercury, multiple comparisons were addressed by cor- and joint sample analyses (Table 1). No changes were observed
• duced in the final models to adjust for any ancestry confound- not shown). The final models for the joint sample stratified by
• Extended sample (new group) 1,051 795 792
• Joint sample (pilot group + new group) 2,281 1,813 1,808
• Joint sample complete cases 1,808 1,808 1,808
• Adjusted for sex, age, and examiner. These analyses included subjects without genetic data, resulting in a slightly larger sample size than the
• shown in Table 3. The first 4 SNPs were previously selected The same models were repeated for the joint samples with

Implications

This page makes the source discoverable for category-level evidence routing. Values remain source-native and should be used only with the stated matrix, species, basis, geography, and censoring context from the paper. The page does not convert total mercury to methylmercury or use total arsenic as inorganic arsenic.

Wiki pages this source may touch

• Fish — marine, non-predatory (sardines, anchovies, salmon, cod)
• Mercury
• Mercury
• Cadmium
• Lead

Verification notes

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Update history

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