Estimation of Heavy Metal Levels in the

Overview

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Key numbers

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• (0.037 - 0.053), and Cu; (0.146 - 0.445). About 10% - 40% of Pb, Cd and Hg exceeded the permissi-
• ble level of 0.5 ppm set for these metals in the liver and kidney of the chickens. Anova analysis re-
• lytical procedure was carried out by spiking the kidney samples with 1 ppm (Pb, As, Cd, Cr) and 2 ppm (Hg, Ni,
• The methodology used for the analysis was validated by the good triplicate recoveries obtained in Table 1.
• Table 1. Result of the recovery for Pb, As, Cd, Cr, Hg, Ni, V and Cu in the kidney samples.
• Table 2 showed that the range of the mean concentrations of the heavy metals in the internal organs of the
• firmed by Neisham et al. (11) who noted that free range local chickens usually harbor the greatest pollutants in
• Table 2. Mean concentration of the heavy metals in the internal organs of the chickens.
• Iwegbue, et al., (15) also reported values of 0.46 ± 0.58 mg/kg for Cu, 0.33 ± 0.14 mg/kg for Cr; 0.37 ± 0.15
• mg/kg for Cd and 0.77 ± 0.01 mg/kg for Pb in Chicken meat consumed in southern Nigeria similar to the ob-

Methods (brief)

• atomic absorption spectrometer after nitric/perchloric acid digestion. The ranges of mean con-
• Sample Collection: 65 live chicken samples (broilers, layers and local cockerel) were obtained from various
• farms within Awka metropolis and its environs. 260 meat samples comprising the liver, kidney, gizzard and
• Sample Preparation: 2 g of each dried meat sample was weighed into a 100 ml polythene bottle. 10 ml of the
• digestion mixture (3:2 65% HNO3 and 70% HClO4) were added. The bottles were tightly closed and the contents
• were gently swirled and allowed to stand overnight. The samples were heated for 3 hours in a water bath ad-
• justed to 70˚C with occasional swirling at 3 mins interval to ensure complete digestion of the samples. Finally,
• into acid leached poly-ethlene bottles and kept at room temperature until analysis with AAS.
• Spectroscopic Analysis: The sample solutions were subsequently analyzed for heavy metal contents on wet
• weight basis using flame atomic absorption spectrometer. Measurements were made using the hollow cathode
• lamps for Pb, As, Cd, Cr, Hg, Ni, V and Cu at the proper wave length and other AAS conditions were employed
• liability of the results. Samples were generally carefully handled to avoid contamination. Glassware was prop-
• lytical procedure was carried out by spiking the kidney samples with 1 ppm (Pb, As, Cd, Cr) and 2 ppm (Hg, Ni,
• V, Cu). Triplicate analysis of the spiked samples and blank were carried through the digestion reaction. Average
• Table 1. Result of the recovery for Pb, As, Cd, Cr, Hg, Ni, V and Cu in the kidney samples.
• Element metal added in the original sample metal in the spiked concentrations % Recovery
• (spiked) (mg/g) (unspiked) (mg/g) sample (mg/g) (mg/g)
• Generally, the liver, kidney and gizzard of all the samples were found to have significant levels of metals than

Implications

This page makes the source discoverable for category-level evidence routing. Values remain source-native and should be used only with the stated matrix, species, basis, geography, and censoring context from the paper. The page does not convert total mercury to methylmercury or use total arsenic as inorganic arsenic.

Wiki pages this source may touch

• Fish — marine, non-predatory (sardines, anchovies, salmon, cod)
• Mercury
• Cadmium
• Arsenic
• Nickel
• Chromium

Verification notes

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Update history

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