This paper describes a screen-printed electrode coated with a bismuth film, magnetite nanoparticles and an ionic liquid for measuring cadmium in soil extracts by differential pulse voltammetry. Bismuth serves as the electrode film; it is not measured.
Key numbers
This paper reports no numerical findings relevant to bismuth exposure.
Methods (brief)
Electrodes were characterized by microscopy, voltammetry and impedance spectroscopy. The authors report a linear range of 0.5 to 40 µg/L for cadmium, a detection limit of 0.05 µg/L, and recoveries of 91.77 to 107.83 percent in soil samples (abstract).
Evidence fitness
This is a materials or analytical chemistry paper in which bismuth is a component of an engineered material. It does not support dietary exposure or toxicity claims for bismuth, and no bismuth was measured in food, water, feed, soil or human or animal tissue.
Limitations
Cadmium results are outside the scope of this page. Publication year is given here as the journal volume year (2018); the article was published online in December 2017.
Related evidence
Update history
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