This energy-materials paper prepares a bismuth oxide composite with carbon quantum dots derived from spoiled milk and tests it as a lithium-ion battery anode and supercapacitor electrode. It contains no exposure or toxicity information for bismuth.
Key numbers
This paper reports no numerical findings relevant to bismuth exposure.
Methods (brief)
Hydrothermal synthesis followed by spectroscopic, diffraction and microscopy characterization and electrochemical cycling tests (abstract).
Evidence fitness
This is a materials or analytical chemistry paper in which bismuth is a component of an engineered material. It does not support dietary exposure or toxicity claims for bismuth, and no bismuth was measured in food, water, feed, soil or human or animal tissue.
Limitations
Not relevant to food or health; included because it appeared in the literature set for this element.
Related evidence
Update history
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