Overview
Muneam and colleagues measured cadmium by flame AAS in 72 canned cheese samples from six producing countries sold in Najaf, Iraq, in September 2022, and estimated daily intake, hazard quotient and cancer risk. Table 1 gives the mean ± standard error by country of production.
Key numbers
- Cadmium means: Turkey 0.167±0.032, Hungary 0.141±0.026, Egypt 0.139±0.040, Iran 0.135±0.029, Saudi Arabia 0.134±0.036, Iraq 0.131±0.025 ppm (Table 1, p. 2).
- All country means exceed the cited 0.05 ppm limit (Table 1).
Methods (brief)
Samples dried 24 h at 70 °C, wet digested with HNO3/HClO4 (10:1) and read by flame AAS (Shimadzu AA7000). No LOD, reference material or recovery reported.
Evidence Fitness
Cadmium only, with country means and standard errors but no LOD or quality control, and the basis (dried or as sold) is not stated. The abstract names Iran as highest while the table shows Turkey. The authors earlier reported Egyptian and Saudi cheeses from Iraqi markets (Ann Biol 2022); overlap with those samples cannot be confirmed. Cheese is a proxy for the cheese-pizza page, which is not linked.