Overview
Lanjwani and Channa measured 13 elements by flame AAS in 15 honeys from Sindh, eight local and seven branded market products, and report every sample. Lead and cadmium were found in all samples at up to 0.14 and 0.38 mg/kg.
Key numbers
- Lead 0.012 to 0.14 mg/kg, mean 0.07 mg/kg (printed “O.07”) (Table 4).
- Cadmium 0.011 to 0.38 mg/kg, mean 0.08 mg/kg; highest in a local neem tree honey (Table 4).
- Chromium 0.012 to 0.101 mg/kg; nickel 0.06 to 0.33 mg/kg (Table 4).
Methods (brief)
HNO3/H2O2 hot-plate digestion of 5 g honey and flame AAS (PerkinElmer AA-800), triplicate readings. No detection limits, CRM or recovery reported.
Evidence Fitness
Per-sample data with category labels, but flame AAS without stated LODs at levels near 0.01 mg/kg makes the lead and cadmium values uncertain, and one printed range (magnesium) conflicts with its own table. Honey is a proxy for pancake-syrup and does not link that page.