Hostynek reviews factors that change how much metal crosses skin, including the metal salt, the vehicle, and the condition of the skin. The article is a review. Tables of diffusion constants compile earlier experiments, including a nickel(II) chloride entry and a nickel(II) di-octanoate entry. Those compiled figures are not re-extracted here as if Hostynek had measured them.
Key numbers
No original occurrence survey is reported. No primary-study concentration from the review’s tables is copied into the ledger.
Methods (brief)
Narrative review. Food and Chemical Toxicology, 2003.
Evidence fitness
The review can orient a reader to the percutaneous-absorption literature. It cannot add a new measured concentration to a product page.
Limitations
Citation chains in the tables are easy to mistake for new data. They are excluded on purpose.
Related evidence
Update history
No substantive edit history is available in this build. The full commit record is available in git.