Overview
Er Caliskan measured nickel, copper, iron, zinc, manganese and aluminum in 40 packaged ice creams from 10 brands sold in Kirsehir, Turkey, in summer 2025, and ran a Monte Carlo health risk simulation. Only the measured concentrations are extracted here; the simulated risk values are not occurrence data. Lead, cadmium, arsenic and mercury were not measured.
Key numbers
- Aluminum: mean 7.36 ± 3.59 mg/kg, range 3.21 to 16.6 mg/kg (Table 3, wet weight).
- Nickel: mean 1.75 ± 0.72 mg/kg, median 1.62, maximum 4.84 mg/kg in a chocolate sample (Table 3; Results text).
- Iron: mean 9.30 mg/kg, maximum “24.0” mg/kg (Table 3).
Methods (brief)
Microwave digestion with nitric acid, perchloric acid and hydrogen peroxide, then high-resolution continuum source flame AAS. Accuracy checked by standard addition (recoveries above 95%); no certified reference material reported. Three replicates per sample.
Evidence Fitness
Forty retail samples from one Turkish province, wet-weight basis, with full descriptive statistics. Flame AAS limits suit these milligram-level elements, but the paper does not cover lead, cadmium, arsenic or mercury, and per-sample data are only in the supplement. Packaged ice cream is a proxy for sorbet: the paper does not measure sorbet, so it is not linked to that page.