elements was found. Toxic heavy metals (As, Pb, Hg, Cd), which are subject to priority control, in the raw materials and dry

Overview

This source page is a mechanical bulk-ingest record for a PDF in the methylmercury infant-formula research pull. It preserves source-level identity, routeable product/analyte scope, and exact extracted numeric lines for later human or fresh-context audit. It does not derive HMTc thresholds, percentiles, or brand-by-brand comparisons.

Key numbers

The worker extracted the full PDF text with layout preservation twice and compared extraction hashes before commit. The following lines are copied from numeric/table-bearing regions of the PDF and retain the source units and wording where legible:

Tashkent Pharmaceutical Institute, ul. Aybeka, 45, Tashkent, 100015
in qualitative composition was established – 20 amino acids, of which 8 are essential. The presence of all essential amino acids
by the content of the sum of amino acids (7.71 mg/g) is almost 3 times higher than the grains (2.89 mg/g). But the percentage of
the sum of essential amino acids from the total number of amino acids in the dry extract (20.36%) is 1.7 times less than in grains
As a result of the conducted research in common barley grains and dry extract based on them, the presence of 41 mineral
of amino acids. They contain almost 95% of all nitrogen, therefore, they maintain the nitrogen balance of the body,
Urmanova Flyura Faridovna – Doctor of Pharmaceuitical pharmacological effect (4, 5).
234 D.K. PULATOVA, A.I. MAMASOLIEV, F.F. URMANOVA, SH.B. MUROTOV
involved in the regulation of vital processes (6–8).
balance. Microelements affect the activity of enzymes and the direction of their action (9). In addition, they are able
family of cereals (Poaceae) (11). Barley is not directly eaten by humans, but mainly turns into cereals (pearl barley
fiber, omega-3 fatty acids and food minerals, as well as others bioactive compounds are preserved (10, 13).
skin rashes, furuncles (14).
medicinal preparations” (15). Common barley grains were identified at the Institute of Botany of the Academy of
Precipitation of proteins and peptides from the aqueous extract (1 : 10) of the samples was carried out in
centrifuge beakers. To do this, 1 ml (exact volume) of 20% trichloroacetic acid was added to the test samples (1 : 1).
After 10 minutes the precipitate was separated by centrifugation at 8000 rpm for 15 minutes. After separating 0.1
STUDY OF FREE AMINO ACIDS AND ELEMENTAL COMPOSITION … 235
and 0.05% triethylamine, pH 6.4. Solution B: acetonitrile. The flow rate is 1.2 ml/min; absorption is 269 nm. Gra-
on an NEXION-2000 ICP-MS mass spectrometer (Perkin Elmer, Inc., USA) – a method for studying a substance
sample by mass spectrometry (18).
A sample of raw materials was prepared according to the method specified in PND F 16.1:2.3:3.11-98,
of spectrometry with inductively coupled plasma” (19). A weighed portion of the analyzed sample weighing 0.5 g
was placed in teflon autoclaves and there were added 10 ml of concentrated nitric acid. Then the autoclaves were
closed and placed in a Berghoff microwave decomposition device with MWS-3 software, observing all safety
Following heating mode was applied for the sample: raising the temperature to 210 °C for 25 min, holding
for 10 min at a temperature of 210 °C, and cooling to a temperature of 45 °C. The cooled autoclave was gently
was quantitatively transferred into a volumetric flask with a capacity of 50 or 100 ml, depending on the expected
content of the element in the sample, the walls of the insert were washed in small portions with 0.5% nitric acid,
in an argon flow (gas, purity 99.995%), the resulting aerosol entered the burner, in which the atoms were ionized.
1. of the electronic application.When conducting a comparative analysis of the amino acid composition of barley
grain and its dry extract, it was found that they are identical in terms of their qualitative composition – 20 amino
acids, of which 8 are essential (Table 1). The presence of all essential amino acids in the studied objects indicates
(0.56 mg/g) and arginine (0.47 mg/g). Their percentage of the total amounted to 19.38% and 16.26%, respectively.
And the composition of the dry extract contains large amounts of amino acids glutamic acid (1.23 mg/g) and arginine
(1.27 mg/g). Together they made up almost 32.7% of the total amount of amino acids. It was found that the dry
extract by the content of the sum of amino acids (7.71 mg/g) is almost 3 times higher than the grains (2.89 mg/g).
The composition of the detected elements and their quantitative content are shown in table 2. As can be seen
from the table, there were found 41 elements were found in the studied raw material and its dry extract. The com-
236 D.K. PULATOVA, A.I. MAMASOLIEV, F.F. URMANOVA, SH.B. MUROTOV
Table 1. Amino acid composition of barley grains and its dry extract
1 Aspartic acid 0.09 3.11 0.51 6.61

Methods (brief)

ments, inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry, toxic heavy metals.
analysis was carried out on average samples of raw materials selected in accordance with the instructions that meet
HPLC analysis of PTC-derivatives of amino acids. From the averaged crushed homogeneous sample of bar-
ley grains and dry extract for analysis, an accurate sample was weighed into test tubes with an error of no more than
Precipitation of proteins and peptides from the aqueous extract (1 : 10) of the samples was carried out in
centrifuge beakers. To do this, 1 ml (exact volume) of 20% trichloroacetic acid was added to the test samples (1 : 1).
on an NEXION-2000 ICP-MS mass spectrometer (Perkin Elmer, Inc., USA) – a method for studying a substance
based on determining the mass-to-charge ratio of ions formed during the ionization of sample components of
the ICP-MS method, argon plasma also serves as a source of inflame ions, but each chemical element of the periodic
sample by mass spectrometry (18).
A sample of raw materials was prepared according to the method specified in PND F 16.1:2.3:3.11-98,
of spectrometry with inductively coupled plasma” (19). A weighed portion of the analyzed sample weighing 0.5 g
Following heating mode was applied for the sample: raising the temperature to 210 °C for 25 min, holding
shaken to stir the contents and the lid was slightly opened to balance the pressure (a qualitatively decomposed sample
content of the element in the sample, the walls of the insert were washed in small portions with 0.5% nitric acid,
brought to the mark and thoroughly mixed. A “blank sample” was prepared in parallel with a batch of analyzed
samples, performing all the above operations. To measure the mass concentrations of elements in solutions, the
analyzed sample solutions were fed into the spray chamber of the mass spectrometer using a peristaltic pump, and

Implications

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Verification notes

Identity check: DOI, raw handle, candidate cite-key, and SHA-256 were compared against existing wiki/sources/ pages before creation.
Full-PDF read: pdftotext -layout was run on the full PDF twice; extracted text hashes matched before the page was written.
Numeric verification: numeric/table-bearing lines were selected mechanically from the verified extraction and preserved without unit conversion or rounding.
Brand firewall: the worker skips PDFs when extracted numeric lines appear brand/manufacturer-sensitive; this page contains category-level or species-level evidence only.
HMTc firewall: no threshold, percentile, pass/fail, clean/dirty, or certification math is stated.

Update history

The five most recent substantive edits to this page, classified major (evidence or structure moved), correction (a published value or statement was wrong and has been fixed), or minor (narrative rewritten without changing the underlying evidence). Each description is derived from what the edit did to this page; the linked commit is the authoritative record, routine regeneration passes are excluded, and the full version history lives in git. When DOI minting comes online (see schema docs), each entry below will also link to a version-pinned DataCite DOI.

Commit	Date	Change	Description
3171d06	2026-08-02	major	1 section added
bc84bfc	2026-08-02	major	6 sections added; narrative text revised