Arsenic Contamination in Soil, Vegetable, Groundwater, and Riverine Fish

Overview

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Key numbers

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ISSN: 2722-1369 (Online)
Md. Sakhawat Hossain1, S. M. Abidur Rahman1, Md. Mizanur Rahman2, Md. Ali Muztaba1,
Received : 25 December 2021 vegetables. Therefore, in this study, we analyzed 100 samples of deep tube well
Revised : 26 April 2022 water, sediment, soil, vegetable, and fish samples, collected from five different
Consumption of trace elements in the 2014). However, Monomethylarsonic acid (MMA
them. Hence, monitoring of the human exposure to et al., 2014).
al., 1993; Roychowdhury et al., 2002, 2003; dust and fumes could be the respiratory process, and
Sapunar-Postružnik et al., 1996; Tsuda et al., 1995). oral digestion for water, beverages, and foods. The
concentrations might get varied through the with various biological ligands (Nriagu, 1994).
anthropogenic status (Villa-Lojo et al., 2002). Humankind is bound to get in touch with arsenic-
Indonesian Journal of Social and Environmental Issues (IJSEI), 3 (1), 29-36
system, respiratory tract, etc. (Jaishankar et al., (0.004 mg/l) from Croatia whereas foods from
with human health are noticeable among people range between <0.0001-4.83 mgkg-1 (Dabeka et al.,
from the southeastern part of Asia, specifically in 1993). In Japan, a total diet study showed the daily
countries like Bangladesh, Taiwan, and India. intake of arsenic leveled between 0.16 mg and 0.28
According to the WHO and Environmental mg while the value got decreased to 0.088 mg and
Protection Agency (EPA), arsenic is classified as a 0.065 mg in the USA and United Kingdom,
due to its toxicity. (Afzal et al., 2018; World Health grains (0.074 mgkg-1) (Schoof et al., 1999).
Organization, 2017). A relevant study, by Recently, a study by Alam et al., (2003) reported
et al., 1999) found that arsenic toxicity reduces with 0.225 mg per kg and 0.019-0.489 mg per kg,
of MMA and DMA were found more carcinogenic was between 0.07 and 0.3990 mg per kg(Das et al.,
in another study by Vega et al., (2001). 2004).
150 million of population, is considered one of the arsenic exposure scenario of Bangladeshi people.
Samanta et al., (1999) found arsenic contamination
in 41 among 64 districts of Bangladesh. MATERIALS AND METHODS
Approximately, 61% of tube-wells water was found Sample Collection Area
to contain arsenic of more than 0.05 mg per liter. All samples were collected randomly from five
whereas 13% have had arsenic content above 0.01 different locations of Joypurhat district, Bangladesh
mg/l (Ali & Tarafdar, 2004). The arsenic which are pointed out in the following figure. Most
was 0.26 mg/l having an upper level of 0.83 mg/l known to be adversely contaminated with arsenic.
limit (0.01 mg/l) declared by the WHO (World Upazila. All of the samples from waterbodies were
Health Organization, 2017) and Environment then acidified to near pH < 2 using hydrochloric
Protection Agency (Flanagan, 1990), respectively. acid and then kept under 4°C temp until analysis. 5
The aspects of food chain contamination by arsenic rice-sample and 20 vegetables-samples were
of potable water is groundwater which is mostly bags of polyethylene and preserved under 4°C
2003). A considerable amount (1.7mg/l) of arsenic of 15-30cm below the surface level of the ground.
Meharg& Rahman, (2003) whereas a large locations, a total of 25 samples were collected from
Bangladesh (Alam et al., 2003; Das et al., 2004). For arsenic determination from water samples,
Similar studies regarding this topic, have also a similar method reported by Kundu et al., (2018)
been conducted to determine the content of arsenic was used. According to this journal article 50mL
inside foods from various regions of various volumetric flask was used to take 1mL of sample;
countries. For instance, a study by Sapunar- added 4 mL concentrated HCl, 5 mL of ascorbic

Methods (brief)

Received : 25 December 2021 vegetables. Therefore, in this study, we analyzed 100 samples of deep tube well
Revised : 26 April 2022 water, sediment, soil, vegetable, and fish samples, collected from five different
atomic absorption spectroscopy followed by the wet digestion method. From this
analysis, a shocking result has been found that almost every sample contains arsenic
food samples (vegetable and rice) which is an alarming issue for southeast Asian
Sapunar-Postružnik et al., 1996; Tsuda et al., 1995). oral digestion for water, beverages, and foods. The
(MMA III, V), dimethylarsinic acid (DMA V), gastrointestinal tract, hematopoietic system, nervous
carcinogen to skin, lung, bladder, liver, and kidney in seafood samples (2.36 mgkg-1) compared to rice
of MMA and DMA were found more carcinogenic was between 0.07 and 0.3990 mg per kg(Das et al.,
Approximately, 61% of tube-wells water was found Sample Collection Area
to contain arsenic of more than 0.05 mg per liter. All samples were collected randomly from five
concentration in contaminated water, on average, of the deep tube well samples in this area were
which is unfortunately way higher than the In a sterilized polyethylene bottle 25 water samples
maximum permissible limit (0.05 mg/l) and upper were collected from 5 different locations from each
limit (0.01 mg/l) declared by the WHO (World Upazila. All of the samples from waterbodies were
The aspects of food chain contamination by arsenic rice-sample and 20 vegetables-samples were
in Bangladesh came in limelight as the main source collected from the field before being stocked in
used for agriculture purposes (Duxbury et al., temp. Soil samples were resourced from the depth

Implications

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Update history

The five most recent substantive edits to this page, classified major (evidence or structure moved), correction (a published value or statement was wrong and has been fixed), or minor (narrative rewritten without changing the underlying evidence). Each description is derived from what the edit did to this page; the linked commit is the authoritative record, routine regeneration passes are excluded, and the full version history lives in git. When DOI minting comes online (see schema docs), each entry below will also link to a version-pinned DataCite DOI.

Commit	Date	Change	Description
3171d06	2026-08-02	major	1 section added
bc84bfc	2026-08-02	major	6 sections added; narrative text revised