Overview
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Key numbers
The worker extracted the full PDF text with layout preservation twice and compared extraction hashes before commit. The following lines are copied from numeric/table-bearing regions of the PDF and retain the source units and wording where legible:
- cell lines, with similar median effect concentrations at 30 µM. The cytotoxicity of Hg2+ was closely related to glutathione
- ments. In vitro evidence has shown that the mechanisms of medium (Gibco) with 10% fetal bovine serum (FBS;
- Hg‐induced toxicity in immune cells are related to the Sigma‐Aldrich) at 37 °C in a 5% CO2 humidified air incubator.
- functions, one should consider not only the baseline medium (Gibco) containing 10% FBS, 10% tryptose phosphate
- immunity but also the activated immunity, which is broth (Sigma‐Aldrich), 5% chicken serum (Sigma‐Aldrich), and
- more relevant to vulnerability to diseases. Once infected by 0.05 mM 2‐mercaptoethanol (Gibco) at 37 °C in a 5% CO2 hu-
- cytokines and miRNAs) for communication and cooperation tetrazolium‐1 (WST‐1) assay was used to determine the median
- transferred to a new 96‐well plate. Then 50 µl of 1% sulfanila-
- mide (Sigma‐Aldrich) in 5% phosphoric acid (Merck) and
- tivation. After 20 h of exposure, 10 µl (5% v/v) WST‐1 reagent formed as described previously in the Cytotoxicity assay sec-
- the supernatant of DT40 cells. Cellular IgM content was also EC50 values is shown in Table 1. In HD‐11 macrophages, poly
- determined in cell lysate prepared through three repeated I:C increased the cell metabolic activity by approximately 50%,
- expressed as mean ± standard error of the mean (n = 3), relative to negative control in nonactivated cells for cell viability. Significant differences
- TABLE 1: Overview of median effect concentration (95% confidence intervals) values of Hg2+ exposure for different endpoints
- sulfoximine (BSO)). Results are expressed as percentage (mean ± standard error of the mean, n = 3) in relation to the negative controls without GSH
- checked with one‐way analysis of variance (*p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.005). Vertical lines indicate the median effect concentrations (EC50s) of
- inosinic–polycytidylic acid sodium salt (poly I:C)). Results are expressed as a relative ratio (mean ± standard error of the mean, n = 3) to the negative
- median effect concentrations (EC50s) of cytotoxicity after 24‐h exposure from the WST‐1 assay for different treatment groups: red lines for the
- exposure largely depended on poly I:C and also on BSO co‐ ranging from 2.7 to 6.3 µM (Table 1). In addition, poly I:C
- after 24‐h Hg2+ exposure. Results are expressed as mean ± standard
- error of the mean (n = 3). Significant differences between treatments values for both nonactivated and activated DT40 cells were as
- and Hg2+‐free controls were checked with one‐way analysis of variance low as 0.5 µM (Table 1). The poly I:C activation did not affect
- (**p < 0.01, ***p < 0.005). Vertical lines indicate the median effect the IFN‐α production in either of the cell lines. Compared with
- activation after 48‐h Hg2+ exposure. Results are expressed as relative absorbance to negative control in nonactivated groups (mean ± standard error
- of the mean, n = 3), and statistically compared with Hg2+‐free negative controls with one‐way analysis of variance (*p < 0.05, **p < 0.01,
- ***p < 0.005). Vertical lines indicate the median effect concentration of cytotoxicity after 24‐h exposure from the WST‐1 assay for HD‐11 cells
- Cytotoxicity. The objective of the present study was to in- lines after Hg2+ exposure for 24 h (Figure 1 and Table 1), which
- vestigate in vitro cytotoxic and immune functional effects of were in the same range of the EC50 values for Hg2+ from other
- mean ± standard error of the mean (n = 3), and significant differences between treatments and Hg2+‐free controls were checked with one‐way
- analysis of variance (*p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.005). Vertical lines indicate the median effect concentration values of cytotoxicity after 24‐h
- (Brüne et al., 2013; Virág et al., 2019). Meanwhile, DT40 B‐cells et al., 2007). Hence, inhibited nitric oxide production after
- lower EC50 in BrdU assays (Table 1). Decreased immune cell poly I:C. In addition, because both HD‐11 and DT40 are immortal
- affect the sensitivity of cells to Hg2+ exposure (Table 1). Our cells, which will develop an antiviral state to defend themselves
- depletion and ROS induction, and meanwhile could influence the Beckers, F., & Rinklebe, J. (2017). Cycling of mercury in the environment:
Methods (brief)
- (miR‐155 and let7) were tested in both cell lines by samples were expressed in ng/µg protein by normalizing with
- were measured in the supernatant samples from both HD‐11 posure was seen in BSO‐treated DT40 B‐lymphocytes, with
- pressed per milligram protein content in the lysate samples,
- decreasing membrane BCRs on the cell membrane without ac- Babar, I. A., Cheng, C. J., Booth, C. J., Liang, X., Weidhaas, J. B., Saltzman,
Implications
This page makes the source discoverable for category-level evidence routing. Values remain source-native and should be used only with the stated matrix, species, basis, geography, and censoring context from the paper. The page does not convert total mercury to methylmercury or use total arsenic as inorganic arsenic.
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Verification notes
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Update history
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