Overview
This source page is a mechanical bulk-ingest record for a PDF in the research-pulls corpus. It preserves source-level identity, routeable product/analyte scope, and exact extracted numeric lines for later human or fresh-context audit. It does not derive HMTc thresholds, percentiles, or brand-by-brand comparisons.
Key numbers
The worker extracted the full PDF text with layout preservation twice and compared extraction hashes before commit. The following lines are copied from numeric/table-bearing regions of the PDF and retain the source units and wording where legible:
- tion was made based on a sample survey of pram users in Sin- tional unit. In scenario ownership 2, it is assumed that 50% of
- a pram for 3 or more years before they buy a new one. The own- child-years are used while the remaining 50% of prams are dis-
- when the child no longer needs it. Ownership 2 assumes that 50% because 50,0 0 0 children will be able to use a second-hand pram
- first 3 years of use and the second user uses the pram for the re- is assumed that 100% of prams manufactured are passed onto a
- Ownership 2 150,000 50% of all prams manufactured are passed onto a second user
- Ownership 3 100,000 100% of all prams manufactured are passed onto a second user
- ing processes, which are summarized in Table 2. The electricity thus need not be replaced. This is because based on interviews
- 3.5.2. Pram use, cleaning and maintenance about 10% of its original volume and any electricity that is gener-
- datasets used are shown in Table 3.
- cle for all 15 impact categories are summarized in Table 4. These
- ecotoxicity, ozone depletion, and photochemical oxidant formation in Table 4 because electricity is generated during incineration and
- disposes it when no longer needed. Ozone depletion was the only 25–50% when parents pass the used prams onto others when no
- ter depletion were greater than ownership 3 (100% 2nd life), but cleaned at home. The impacts of heavy cleaning of rental prams
- lower than ownership 2 (50% 2nd life). This same trend was ob- were higher because electricity was consumed and heavy clean-
- higher than those of scenario ownership 2 (50% 2nd life). As previ- cle. In the impacts to water depletion however, the use of wet
- where 50% of the prams are passed onto other users. Pram rental companies may face some challenges in pursing
- comparison to the ownership business model. The rental business cle environmental impacts of renting prams are 29–46% lower, de-
- (e.g. several months or years). Products such as household tools ronmental impacts by 50% if they are able to find another person
- of a product/service-system bus%iness model for Merino Wool next-to- Ministry of the Environment and Water Resources, G. of S., 2019.
- Bennett, E.B., Graedel, T.E., 20 0 0. “Conditioned air”: evaluating an environmentally act#:~:text=TheResourceSustainabilityAct%2Cintroduced,efficient and climate-
Methods (brief)
- tion was made based on a sample survey of pram users in Sin- tional unit. In scenario ownership 2, it is assumed that 50% of
- their prams after 3 years instead of securing a second-hand user. 3 years of life. This assumption was made based on a sample sur-
Implications
This page makes the source discoverable for category-level evidence routing. Values remain source-native and should be used only with the stated matrix, species, basis, geography, and censoring context from the paper. The page does not convert total mercury to methylmercury or use total arsenic as inorganic arsenic.
Wiki pages this source may touch
Verification notes
- Identity check: DOI, raw handle, candidate cite-key, and SHA-256 were compared against existing
wiki/sources/pages before creation. - Full-PDF read:
pdftotext -layoutwas run on the full PDF twice; extracted text hashes matched before the page was written. - Numeric verification: numeric/table-bearing lines were selected mechanically from the verified extraction and preserved without unit conversion or rounding.
- Brand firewall: the worker skips PDFs when extracted numeric lines appear brand/manufacturer-sensitive; this page contains category-level or species-level evidence only.
- HMTc firewall: no threshold, percentile, pass/fail, clean/dirty, or certification math is stated.
Update history
The five most recent substantive edits to this page, classified major (evidence or structure moved), correction (a published value or statement was wrong and has been fixed), or minor (narrative rewritten without changing the underlying evidence). Each description is derived from what the edit did to this page; the linked commit is the authoritative record, routine regeneration passes are excluded, and the full version history lives in git. When DOI minting comes online (see schema docs), each entry below will also link to a version-pinned DataCite DOI.