Glutathione Alleviates Chromium Stress in Helianthus annuus Irrigated

Overview

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Key numbers

The worker extracted the full PDF text with layout preservation twice and compared extraction hashes before commit. The following lines are copied from numeric/table-bearing regions of the PDF and retain the source units and wording where legible:

• mg L-1 Cr VI) irrigation at 0, 25, 50, 75 and 100% concentration. Irrigation with untreated waste water severely affected
• Rapid industrialization possesses severe environmental our study it contains Cr concentration of 329 mg L-1 (Table
• relatable to tannery waste due to its use in leather tanning phytoextraction from soil (Stoikou et al., 2017; Farid et al.,
• (Mottalib et al., 2015) and 30–40% of Cr salt is drained into 2018) but sunflower oil derived Cr influx into human food
• mitigate the heavy metals stress. The glutathione (GSH) Table 1: Soil physico-chemical properties used for the experiment
• responsible for heavy metal tolerance mechanisms Clay 17.10%
• part in scavenging of reactive oxygen species (ROS) Organic matter 0.59 %
• biochemical attributes of sunflower, irrigated with untreated Table 2: Characteristics of tannery wastewater used for irrigating
• sanitized for 15 min in H2O2 (3%) and then washed K+ 41 mg L-1
• five morphologically homogenized seedlings were selected described in Table 1 and 2. After 70 days of germination,
• each pot with 7-day interval. weighted fully matured fresh leaf was treated with 85% of
• titanium sulphate (20% v/v, in H2SO4). Entire mixture was
• as followed by Farid et al. (2017b). of wastewater with varying concentrations (Table 3). Waste
• water application @ 100% has most detrimental impact on
• et al., 1981; Zhang and Kirham, 1994). For that, 5 mL 0.1% and leaf area per plant. In all waste water application levels,
• tissue to get it homogenized followed by centrifugation at proved more beneficial compared to 12.5 mg L-1 (Table 3).
• was loaded with 4 mL TCA (20%) containing TA (0.5%). plant biomass production in stressed and non-stressed plants
• 100% waste irrigated 0 mg L -1 GSH applied plants.
• B observed in 100% waste water irrigated plants, while upon
• B observed in sets where 100% waste water was applied,
• acid contents were observed in 50 and 100% waste water
• contents of sunflower. Means with different letters differ in plants irrigated with 25% and 50% waste water compared
• significantly at 5% probability level to control (non-stressed) and application of 12.5 mg L-1
• contents in sunflower. Waste water application at 100% Minimum SOD contents were observed in 0% waste water
• proved most deleterious among all application levels for irrigated followed by 100% and 75% and GSH application
• interaction with waste water application, GSH foliar SOD activity in roots increased at 25% and 50% of
• application at 25 mg L-1 proved most significant in wastewater stress followed by 100% and 75% waste water
• increasing chlorophyll contents in sewage water treated concentrations least being in 75%. The GSH application
• significantly varied with application of tannery waste water observed in 75% and 100% waste water irrigated plants and
• and root amino acid (D) of sunflower. Means with different letters differ significantly at 5% probability level
• sunflower. Means with different letters differ significantly at 5% probability level
• were observed in sunflower plants irrigated with 50% data showed that waste water irrigation @ 25% increased
• 25 mg L-1. In control and 25% waste water irrigated GSH application @ 12.5 mg L-1 being most influential.
• GSH application. of 75%>50%>100%) and GSH application @25 mg L-1 was
• of waste water in order of 75%>0%≃100%>25%>50%. experienced a net increase in H 2O2 and MDA contents
• 75 and 100% waste water irrigated sets while GSH 0 mg L-1 with waste water irrigation showed increase in leaf and
• for control and 50% waste water irrigated plants. Analyzed root H2O2 contents and GSH application showed
• sunflower. Means with different letters differ significantly at 5% probability level
• decrease in leaf and root H 2O2 contents (Fig. 4). GSH (0mg/L) GSH (0mg/L)
• Sunflower leaves and root MDA contents were also increased 350 GSH(12.5mg/L) 350 GSH(12.5mg/L)
• with waste water application and GSH application also GSH (25mg/L 300 GSH (25mg/L
• application with maximum Cr uptake in 100% waste water a a

Methods (brief)

• (as (NH2)2CO), 0.5 g L−1 P (as (NH4)2HPO4) and 2.14 g L−1 were oven dried and grounded for digestion. For Cr
• water (WW) irrigation (0, 25, 50, 75 and 100%) collected environment followed by oven drying at 70ºC till constant
• Plant Growth, Agronomic Parameters and Sample constant shaking to ensure homogeneity in extraction. The
• Soil and collected tannery water used for experiment were of spectrophotometer (Halo DB-20/DB-20S) as
• atomic absorption spectrophotometer was used for the Contents of ascorbic acid in various parts of the plants were
• determination of Cr contents in given samples, following determined by following the method described by
• sample of plant was homogenized in given 10 mL of
• and POD determination, 1 g plant sample was frozen in Results
• muslin cloth and filtrate was centrifuged for 10 min at 4ºC The data collected for plant growth and biomass revealed

Implications

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Wiki pages this source may touch

• Fish — marine, non-predatory (sardines, anchovies, salmon, cod)
• Cadmium
• Lead
• Arsenic
• Nickel
• Chromium

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