Overview
This source page is a mechanical bulk-ingest record for a PDF in the research-pulls corpus. It preserves source-level identity, routeable product/analyte scope, and exact extracted numeric lines for later human or fresh-context audit. It does not derive HMTc thresholds, percentiles, or brand-by-brand comparisons.
Key numbers
The worker extracted the full PDF text with layout preservation twice and compared extraction hashes before commit. The following lines are copied from numeric/table-bearing regions of the PDF and retain the source units and wording where legible:
- the following numbers of dwellings: Pb = 4, Ni = 2, As = 1, Cu = 16, Cr = 1 and Zn = 28.
- reported that people in industrialized countries spend an average of 90% of their time
- per kilogram (mg kg−1 ) of total dust in the particle size range < 0.2 mm, emphasizing the
- period in the Riga central area ranged from 76 to 88 (poor air quality in terms of PM10 , but
- dots: red dots—urban, orange dots—suburban, and green dots—rural sampling sites (27). sampling sites (27).
- Table 1. The characteristics of the dwellings where the indoor dust sampling was performed.
- Parameter the Supplementary Materials Table S1. Residential indoor dust samples were collected from
- Table 1. The characteristics of the dwellings where the indoor dust sampling was performed.
- Fischer Chemical, 30% and 6.00 mL conc. HNO3 , trace metal grade, Fisher Chemical,
- 69%) performed with a microwave oven (Milestone Start E) under pressure conditions.
- parameters of ICP-MS were set as summarized in Table 2.
- La, Pb, Rb, Li, Mg, Mn, Ni, K, Se, Na, Sr, V and Zn) dissolved in 2% HNO3 . Analytical
- of detection (<0.1 mg/L). However, in the case of B, Na, K, Ca and Fe, some background
- levels could reach up to 100 µg/L. An internal standard solution (10.0 µg L−1 , Agilent)
- Table 2. The instrumental parameters of inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS).
- summarized in Table 3. In general, the concentrations of metals in the residential dust varied
- dust (28). Regarding the concentration ranges of Al and Fe, only results from Malaysia (29)
- reported a lower mean concentration of Al at 1230 (mg kg−1 ), compared with the current
- Table 3. Arithmetic mean concentrations (mg kg−1 ) and other descriptive parameters of metallic
- 120 dust samples, whereas As and Cd were present in 81% and 49% of the residential
- difference except for Cd (p < 0.05) (see Table 4). The relative differences in the determined
- Table 4. The relative concentration differences (∆Ds) of some metallic elements determined in indoor
- collected with commercial vacuum cleaners (see Supplementary Materials Table S2). Cr
- cle emissions in densely populated areas. In Figure 2, arithmetic mean concentrations with
- ing on the splitting of indoor dust sampling sites into urban (n = 50 samples), suburban
- (n = 23 samples) and rural (n = 31 sample). In the calculation of arithmetic mean concentra-
- emissions in densely populated areas. In Figure 2, arithmetic mean concentrations with
- on the splitting of indoor dust sampling sites into urban (n = 50 samples), suburban (n =
- 23 samples) and rural (n = 31 sample). In the calculation of arithmetic mean concentrations,
- Materials Table S3).
- metallic elements in different sampling locations: urban (Urb) (n = 50), suburban (Sub) (n = 23) and
- metallic elements in different sampling locations: urban (Urb) (n = 50), suburban (Sub) (n = 23) and
- rural (Rur) (n = 31).
- rural (Rur) (n = 31).
- Materials Table S1. For all zones of dwellings, Zn accounted for the highest percentage
- which had an increased value (see Table S1). The entry corridor was the area with the
- bleaches and detergents (see Table S4). Relatively higher concentrations of Cd were ob-
- of Mn, Cu and Ni (see Table S1). The influence of cooking and smoking activities has
- hypothesis only in the case of Cr (p = 0.004) and Pb (0.003) (see Table S5). The literature
- increased forTable S1).
- B-containing bleaches and detergents (see Table S4). Relatively higher concentrations
- samples in the current study, the average range of Al concentrations varied from 1700 to
Methods (brief)
- obtained through the analysis of collected dust samples from 46 dwellings, both in the capital of
- extraction, the samples were analyzed using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS)
- Keywords: indoor dust; metallic elements; dust sampling; ICP-MS; PCA
- This is the first study to describe the analysis results of 120 indoor dust samples
- of 1.9 million. Part of the studied residential indoor dust was collected in the capital
- The remainder of the dust samples were collected in four smaller Latvian cities (Liepaja,
- samples at 46 sites tofrom
- areas in Latvia. One hundred twenty residential indoor dust samples
- 28 urban dwellings in a commercial area with heavy city traffic nearby, 8 suburban homes were collected fr
- more greenery. The choice of sampling sites, the number of samples
- more greenery. The choice of sampling sites, the number of samples per dwelling and the inhabitants’
- were invited to deliver collected indoor dust samples along with the completed short
- vited to deliverincollected
- Table 1, and theydust samples
- cleaners with an unused dust container for each sample,
- In 23 dwellings, dust samples were obtained by manual sweeping, while in the remaining
- 7 residences, vacuuming was used for dust collection. The numbers of samples collected in
-
- or Samples in1,Urban
Implications
This page makes the source discoverable for category-level evidence routing. Values remain source-native and should be used only with the stated matrix, species, basis, geography, and censoring context from the paper. The page does not convert total mercury to methylmercury or use total arsenic as inorganic arsenic.
Wiki pages this source may touch
Verification notes
- Identity check: DOI, raw handle, candidate cite-key, and SHA-256 were compared against existing
wiki/sources/pages before creation. - Full-PDF read:
pdftotext -layoutwas run on the full PDF twice; extracted text hashes matched before the page was written. - Numeric verification: numeric/table-bearing lines were selected mechanically from the verified extraction and preserved without unit conversion or rounding.
- Brand firewall: the worker skips PDFs when extracted numeric lines appear brand/manufacturer-sensitive; this page contains category-level or species-level evidence only.
- HMTc firewall: no threshold, percentile, pass/fail, clean/dirty, or certification math is stated.
Update history
The five most recent substantive edits to this page, classified major (evidence or structure moved), correction (a published value or statement was wrong and has been fixed), or minor (narrative rewritten without changing the underlying evidence). Each description is derived from what the edit did to this page; the linked commit is the authoritative record, routine regeneration passes are excluded, and the full version history lives in git. When DOI minting comes online (see schema docs), each entry below will also link to a version-pinned DataCite DOI.