Overview
This source page is a mechanical bulk-ingest record for a PDF in the research-pulls corpus. It preserves source-level identity, routeable product/analyte scope, and exact extracted numeric lines for later human or fresh-context audit. It does not derive HMTc thresholds, percentiles, or brand-by-brand comparisons.
Key numbers
The worker extracted the full PDF text with layout preservation twice and compared extraction hashes before commit. The following lines are copied from numeric/table-bearing regions of the PDF and retain the source units and wording where legible:
- firing range and gun store; and (3) an electronic scrap recycling facility. We summarize our findings
- method uses dilute (5%) acetic acid to solubilize lead com- exposure, to evaluate housekeeping practices, and to edu-
- 50 mL polyethylene containers for shipment to the lab- an adjoining office, but periodically entered the ranges to
- NIOSH Method 7303.(22) The wipes from the battery store and firing ranges, collected spent bullet casings in
- NIOSH investigators performed a health hazard evalu- the production areas (Tables 2 and 3). The lowest surface
- tested, and refurbished electronic scrap for reuse or room/uniform doffing area (geometric mean (GM): 317
- Table 4 shows results of descriptive statistics for the different, with (++) having the largest log (lead level)
- samples classified as (–) was 7 μg/100 cm2 (range: 0.9–
- of 709 μg/100 cm2 (range: 150–25,000 μg/100 cm2 ; geo- the showroom. Wipe samples on all air supply diffusers
- Visual GM (µg/ cm ) Median (µg/ cm ) Range sented in this article).(22) Interestingly, none of the colori-
- Hygenall R ∗† summarized in Table 7. One advantage of colorimetric
- standardized methods such as those outlined in Table 1. sampling lead on hands. J. Occup. Environ. Hyg. 3(8):428–
- Sampling (ASTM STP 1533). West Conshohocken, PA: (25) NIOSH: Lead Exposure at a Firing Range and Gun Store.
- (18) Chavalitnitikul, C., and L. Levin: A laboratory evalua- ebee3df840c&mc=true&n=pt10.4.850&r=PART&ty=-
Methods (brief)
- disadvantages of colorimetric analysis of surface wipe samples and the challenges we faced when
- employees have requested help regarding surface sam- Analyzing surface wipe samples for metals (e.g.,
- doing so. als on surfaces.(9–11) Quantitative wipe sample methods,
- Surface wipe samples collected in production areas typically using cellulose or cotton gauze material, require
- oritize cleaning efforts, to identify the need to implement plasma atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP-AES) (e.g.,
- or improve engineering or administrative controls, and to NIOSH Method 7300), flame atomic absorption spec-
- (PPE).(1–4) Surface wipe sampling in non-production atomic absorption spectroscopy (e.g., NIOSH Method
- wipe sampling. Variables that can affect surface sampling wipe samples. Additional data beyond the scope of
- results include the type of surface being sampled (i.e., this manuscript can be found in the health hazard
- tamination on the surface being sampled; possible ana- Database.(21–23,25) If a comprehensive workplace exposure
- est uncertainty to the overall sample result. Wipe sam- we collected or reviewed at all three facilities aided us in
- to reduce variability.2 Once surface sampling data are employees. Personal and area air samples helped to iden-
- surface sampling results. how the surface sample is collected.
- dust samples using wipe sampling template each other), using an “S” or “Z” wiping
- NIOSH Lead in surface wipe samples Known area using a Three or four “S” strokes to cover area
- workplace atmospheres (ICP analysis) template, progress towards the center
- reacts with lead ions to produce a colorimetric change importance of exposure controls. We collected samples
- Method 9100 to collect the surface wipe samples. We used ing the facility at the end of the shift. We also sampled
Implications
This page makes the source discoverable for category-level evidence routing. Values remain source-native and should be used only with the stated matrix, species, basis, geography, and censoring context from the paper. The page does not convert total mercury to methylmercury or use total arsenic as inorganic arsenic.
Wiki pages this source may touch
- Fish — marine, non-predatory (sardines, anchovies, salmon, cod)
- Baby Wipes
- Mercury
- Cadmium
- Lead
- Nickel
- Tin
- Chromium
Verification notes
- Identity check: DOI, raw handle, candidate cite-key, and SHA-256 were compared against existing
wiki/sources/pages before creation. - Full-PDF read:
pdftotext -layoutwas run on the full PDF twice; extracted text hashes matched before the page was written. - Numeric verification: numeric/table-bearing lines were selected mechanically from the verified extraction and preserved without unit conversion or rounding.
- Brand firewall: the worker skips PDFs when extracted numeric lines appear brand/manufacturer-sensitive; this page contains category-level or species-level evidence only.
- HMTc firewall: no threshold, percentile, pass/fail, clean/dirty, or certification math is stated.
Update history
The five most recent substantive edits to this page, classified major (evidence or structure moved), correction (a published value or statement was wrong and has been fixed), or minor (narrative rewritten without changing the underlying evidence). Each description is derived from what the edit did to this page; the linked commit is the authoritative record, routine regeneration passes are excluded, and the full version history lives in git. When DOI minting comes online (see schema docs), each entry below will also link to a version-pinned DataCite DOI.