Overview
This source page is a mechanical bulk-ingest record for a PDF in the methylmercury infant-formula research pull. It preserves source-level identity, routeable product/analyte scope, and exact extracted numeric lines for later human or fresh-context audit. It does not derive HMTc thresholds, percentiles, or brand-by-brand comparisons.
Key numbers
The worker extracted the full PDF text with layout preservation twice and compared extraction hashes before commit. The following lines are copied from numeric/table-bearing regions of the PDF and retain the source units and wording where legible:
- Department for Sustainable Food Process, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Via Emilia Parmense 84,
- 29122 Piacenza, Italy
-
- Correspondence: mariachiara.fontanella@unicatt.it; Tel.: +39-05-23-59-9216
- Abstract: Background: In 2017, the European Commission renewed the approval of glyphosate
- inductively coupled mass triple quadrupole (HPLC-ICP-MS/MS) with a PRP-X100 anionic column.
- was 0.0027 mg kg−1 for WR and 0.0136 mg kg−1 for BR. The LOQ was 0.0092 mg kg−1 for WR
- and 0.0456 mg kg−1 for BR. The mean recoveries were within 76–105% at three fortification levels.
- The relative standard deviation for the analysis (five replicates for three spike levels) was < 11%
- 10.3390/molecules27228049 Glyphosate (GLY) was approved in 2002 for the first time at the EU level for ten years
- market in most countries under national legislation since the 1970s (2).
- Accepted: 11 November 2022 name). It is a small molecule with three functional groups that make it highly polar, stable,
- Published: 19 November 2022 and soluble in water. Moreover, it is easily absorbed by the main components of the soil,
- to its unparalleled action on annual and perennial weeds (3).
- Copyright: © 2022 by the authors. The debate on using GLY in Europe is still very active in terms of human health. In
- Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. 2015, the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) and the European Food
- GLY to humans. In 2016, it blocked a 15-year renewal proposal for the use of this molecule.
- In 2017, the European Chemical Agency (ECHA) classified GLY as non-carcinogenic. In the
- same year, on 12 December 2017, the European Commission renewed the approval of GLY
- but only for five years. It will be up for assessment again in 2022 (2,4). Before considering
- Molecules 2022, 27, 8049. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules27228049 https://www.mdpi.com/journal/molecules
- intake, etc.) and is a source of contamination with herbicides. Myers et al. (2016) (7)
- agricultural systems. In 2013, the European Commission uploaded maximum residue levels
- (MRLs) for GLY in several crops according to European regulation EU No. 293/2013 (8). The
- new European MRLs for rice are 0.1 mg kg−1 , as the lower limit of analytical determination.
- the outer coat is recommended for associated health benefits (9), further studies should
- lites in different kinds of matrices, such as apples (10), cereals (11), soybean (12,13), and
- surface and wastewater (14,15). GLY and its metabolite have been determined by different
- analytical techniques, including GC (10,13,16,17), LC (13,15,16,18–20), hydrophilic interac-
- GC-MS/MS, and LC-MS/MS (10,13,16,26–32), but the chemical characteristics, such as
- samples. Lajin and Goessler (2019) (37) developed an HPLC-ICP-MS/MS speciation anal-
- Tiago et al. (2020) (38) also observed the exudation process of GLY molecules in water from
- hydroponic systems. In the same year, Pimenta et al. (39) compared two detection systems
- ences on m/z 31. The technology is based on two quadrupoles and a reaction cell; the first
- chemically resolve 31 P+ from polyatomic ions by its oxidation to 31 P16 O+ after preferential
- fortification level −1 with a mean
- (1.8µg a mean
- equal to to 99%
- recovery µg GLY L−1 iningroundwater.
- value of 1.09
- Lajin and Goessler (2019) (37) and Pimenta et al. (2020) (39) found 1.05 GLY −1
- and Goessler (2019) (37) and Pimenta et al. (2020) (39) found 1.05 μg GLY L−1 µg andL 8.2and
- GLY L−1GLY L , as detection
Methods (brief)
- inductively coupled mass triple quadrupole (HPLC-ICP-MS/MS) with a PRP-X100 anionic column.
- in terms of the LOD, LOQ, accuracy, precision, linearity, and the matrix effect. Results: The LOD
- was 0.0027 mg kg−1 for WR and 0.0136 mg kg−1 for BR. The LOQ was 0.0092 mg kg−1 for WR
- Keywords: glyphosate; HPLC-ICP-MS/MS; white and brown rice; LOD; LOQ; matrix effect
- with HPLC-ICP-MS/MS. Molecules
- numerous sample preparation steps have increased interest in developing new methods to
- reduce the number of actions, from sample collection to analysis, and to reduce the cost.
- other phosphorus herbicides with HPLC–single quadrupole ICP-MS (14,33–36). From 2019,
- inductively coupled plasma and HPLC are few, and they show applications on aqueous
- samples. Lajin and Goessler (2019) (37) developed an HPLC-ICP-MS/MS speciation anal-
- coupled to HPLC in quantifying GLY and AMPA in natural water samples from artesian
- Applying ICP-MS/MS with HPLC improves the selectivity and the detection limits
- compared to the single quadrupole ICP-MS, due to its elimination of polyatomic interfer-
- In order to develop the HPLC-ICP-MS/MS for the detection of GLY and AMPA,
- In order to develop the HPLC-ICP-MS/MS for the detection of GLY and AMPA, the
- (2020) (38) published −1 in water samples.
- of analytical instrument, instrument, HPLC-ICP-MS/MS.
- HPLC-ICP-MS/MS. One of theOne mostofimportant
Implications
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Update history
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