A review of the biochemistry of heavy metal

Overview

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Key numbers

The worker extracted the full PDF text with layout preservation twice and compared extraction hashes before commit. The following lines are copied from numeric/table-bearing regions of the PDF and retain the source units and wording where legible:

• Table 1 is a summary of algal divisions, restricted to and Rhodophyta in addition to mannan in the
• contain between 4–12% and 7–9% of mannitol, with
• growth in length, they can display a predominantly tenerium this value reaches between 30% and 35% (6).
• may be 2–20% of the dry weight according to Kreger to account for 45% of its dry weight once it has
• and Laminaria (Fig. 2) were determined to be 7% and protonated form. Davis et al. (26) also reported similar
• 20%, respectively (21). alginate yields for protonated Sargassum fluitans and
• Sargassum oligocystum of approximately 45% and 37%,
• constitute between 10% and 40% of the dry weight divalent or polyvalent metal ions (except Mg2+) and the
• to be 17%. For Sargassum wightii and Sargassum acid is a flat ribbon-like chain; its molecular repeat is
• A, and it contains two diequatorially (1e-4e) Table 2
• (Table 2). dant acidic functional group in the brown algae. They
• (typically greater than 70%) in dried brown algal ions from the binding sites (i.e. carboxylic, sulfonic, and
• (up to 40% of the dry weight, (12)) of the dried seaweed calcium or potassium. In cases where the non-treated
• pH>10, thereby, also playing a secondary role in metal ism(s) may range from physical (i.e. electrostatic or
• 1 þ Kads ½A Cf FINAL METAL CONCENTRATION (mg/L)
• is summarized in Table 3. It has been reported (58) that most Sargassum
• As shown in Table 3, the metal uptake in mmol/g Laminariales) possess relatively high M:G ratios
• each case by, typically, adding small amounts of base or Table 4 lists the monomer and diad guluronic acid
• frequencies (FG ; FGG ) and the M:G ratios measured for Table 4
• in Table 4 clearly indicate that these alginates are highly
• relative affinity of the alginates and raw biomass at for a range in FGG of 0.23–0.81. In contrast, the
• metal remediation. For example, Jang et al. (66) Cd2+ for a wide range of FGG may reflect the
• (100 ppm or B1.6 mM) as well as low Cu (18 ppm or (1.00 and 0.95 A,( for a 6-fold coordination, respectively).
• cases more than 90% of the Cu2+ was sequestered either Ca2+ or Cd2+. Hence, the size of the cation appears
• only 31% guluronic acid (FG ¼ 0:31), and the authors surrounding the divalent cation. In contrast to Ca2+ and
• common property of all these substrates was the metal concentrations range from 1 to 100 ppm. These
• recovered 99.5% of the metal. Furthermore, the column as detoxification of heavy metal bearing industrial
• approximately 7% after the first cycle and was about mM range (e.g. (69)). These studies, coupled with
• 20% less than the fresh biomass on the fifth cycle. The equilibrium batch experiments, have consistently de-

Methods (brief)

• Haug et al. (32) were the first to perform a systematic residues for a given alginate sample. After Haug and Smidsr
• characterizing the metal binding properties of various samples of raw biomass, we will be able to correlate

Implications

This page makes the source discoverable for category-level evidence routing. Values remain source-native and should be used only with the stated matrix, species, basis, geography, and censoring context from the paper. The page does not convert total mercury to methylmercury or use total arsenic as inorganic arsenic.

Wiki pages this source may touch

• Fish — marine, predatory (tuna, swordfish, shark, king mackerel)
• Fish — marine, non-predatory (sardines, anchovies, salmon, cod)
• Seaweed/kelp foods (nori, wakame, kombu, dulse — as food products)
• Cadmium
• Nickel

Verification notes

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Update history

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