Heavy Metal Index

2026-05-17-doi-recovery

3 min read

DOI Recovery Run — 2026-05-17

Summary

Processed all 141 source pages that carried both no_doi_assigned: true and a Google Scholar fallback access_url. For each, the real DOI was recovered via raw markdown scan and/or public APIs, or (for government/regulatory documents) the canonical agency URL was located. After this run:

  • grep -l "^no_doi_assigned: true" wiki/sources/*.md | wc -l → 127 (genuinely no-DOI papers, all with venue URLs)
  • grep -l "scholar.google.com" wiki/sources/*.md | wc -l → 0 ✓

Results by recovery method

MethodCount
DOI found in raw markdown (Step A)43
DOI found via Crossref API (Step B)52
DOI found via OpenAlex API (Step C)2
DOI found via Semantic Scholar (Step D)0
Total DOIs recovered97
No DOI — venue URL assigned (gov/regulatory)43
No DOI — venue URL assigned (not indexed)1
Total files with no DOI (venue URL placed)44
Grand total processed141

DOIs recovered (97 files)

no_doi_assigned: true removed; doi: set; access_url updated to https://doi.org/<doi>.

From raw markdown scan (43)

FileDOI
adelusi2024-dairy-feed-south-africa10.1002/fsn3.4082
ali2025-carbon-dots-aluminum-cobalt-canned-food10.1039/d5ra00448a
bao2024-sp-icp-ms-nps-mussels10.1093/jaoacint/qsae024
cardoso2023-mercury-portuguese-coast-seafood10.1007/s11356-023-29495-5
carter2025-tda-aas-methylmercury-finfish-fda-method10.1007/s00216-025-05989-8
chamorro2024-bluefin-tuna-mercury-review10.3389/fnut.2024.1340121
chen2024-bodipy-hg-water-sensor10.1039/d4ra06386d
chen2024-hg-gtriplex-biosensor-milk10.3390/ijms25158159
dhawale2025-benzidine-chemosensor-mercury-vegetable-juice10.1021/acsomega.4c10692
doan2025-mof-rgo-electrochemical-lead-sensor10.1039/d4ra08952a
godja2025-gold-electrode-nickel-electrochemical-sensor10.3390/s25133959
gupta2023-rice-ash-bangladesh-arsenic-cadmium10.1007/s12403-023-00539-y
inada2023-herbal-medicine-heavy-metal-regulations10.1007/s43441-023-00532-2
islam2025-silver-nanoparticle-mercury-colorimetric-water10.1039/d5ra01733e
jurowski2022-chromium-peppermint-tincture10.1007/s12011-022-03367-4
kanazawa2024-hg-speciation-asgm-kenya10.1007/s10653-024-02187-w
kim2024-food-container-metal-migration-korea10.3390/ijerph21020139
kundu2026-gold-nanoparticle-arsenic-colorimetric-groundwater10.1039/d5ra08863a
lea2018-dinp-endocrine-disruption10.1016/j.crtox.2025.100220
li2024-as-colorimetric-water-sensor10.1039/d4ra03665d
liu2024-crnanohorn-crvi-water-sensor10.3390/nano14171465
lockwood2023-sri-lanka-rice-heavy-metals10.1007/s12011-023-03847-1
luo2024-cd-ada-vbb-food-sensor10.3390/foods13172684
nassar2025-spectrophotometric-cadmium-method10.1155/ianc/3347969
nguyen2026-carbon-quantum-dots-mercury-fluorescence-rice-straw10.1039/d5ra09779g
qin2025-mercury-soil-method-comparison-afs-caas10.1098/rsos.240757
seesuan2025-des-edta-chromium-vi-colorimetric-sensor10.1039/d5ra02492g
sitek2022-cd-toxicity-antioxidant-vitamins10.13075/ijomeh.1896.01912
sonke2023-mercury-global-change10.1007/s13280-023-01855-y
sun2022-china-cadmium-ptmi-rice10.46234/ccdcw2023.094
sun2024-libs-pb-soil10.3390/molecules29153699
wang2024-as-cemetery-soil-remediation10.3390/ijerph21030267
wang2024-ngqd-crhex-fluorescence10.1039/d4ra05016a
wang2025-mfc-chromium-vi-wastewater-sensor10.3390/bios15030158
weyde2023-gestational-metals-cerebral-palsy10.3389/fneur.2023.1124943
wu2024-cd-silica-sol-water-sensor10.1039/d4ra03983a
wu2026-methylmercury-whole-cell-biosensor10.1039/d5ra09313a
yamashita2024-laep-oes-hg-tuna-japan10.1093/jaoacint/qsae053
yang2024-libs-cd-panax-notoginseng10.3390/foods13071083
zandi2025-carbon-quantum-dot-chromium-vi-fluorescence-coffee10.1002/adma.202504142
zhang2024-aunp-as-rice-water-sensor10.1039/d4ra04961f
zhang2024-mip-pb-honey-cyprus10.3390/polym16131782
zhao2024-znosi-cd-fluorescence-sensor10.3390/s24134179

From Crossref API (52)

FileDOI
abdelnaby2022-lead-cadmium-milk10.1007/s12011-022-03353-w
abebe2023-awash-river-heavy-metals10.1007/s10661-023-11674-z
abedi2023-arsenic-mercury-hen-eggs-iran10.1186/s12889-023-16223-4
ahmed2023-trace-metals-tomato-wastewater10.1007/s11356-023-25157-8
aljufaili2024-garra-shamal-oman10.1007/s11356-024-32229-w
bae2023-tuna-heavy-metals-korea10.35371/aoem.2023.35.e3
bakhshalizadeh2024-caspian-sturgeon-metals10.1007/s11356-024-32653-y
balzani2026-fish-metals-dalyan-lake10.1007/s00128-026-04187-1
berber2024-crayfish-metal-content-turkey10.1007/s11356-024-32858-1
bozkurt2025-portable-voltammetric-lead-drinking-water10.1021/acsomega.5c01580
brodziak-dopierala2024-hg-supplements-poland10.1007/s12011-024-04269-3
capcarova2023-mozzarella-trace-elements-slovakia10.1007/s12011-023-03813-x
chirinos2023-milk-lead-cadmium-arsenic-peru10.1007/s12011-023-03838-2
chronchol2026-dairy-free-infant-porridges-poland10.3390/nu18020333
de-silva2023-industrial-waste-land-application-soil10.1007/s11356-023-26893-7
decharat2023-lead-cadmium-drinking-water-thailand10.5620/eaht.2023020
escobar-camacho2024-mercury-fish-ecuador-amazon10.1007/s10646-024-02764-w
fei2024-cd-off-on-fluorescence-milk10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e26980
gajdosechova2023-nanoparticles-trace-element-food10.1007/s00216-023-04940-z
gholami2025-heavy-metals-corn-iran-khuzestan10.1038/s41598-025-89281-w
hampton2023-lead-game-meat-australia10.1007/s11356-023-25949-y
hu2025-bacillus-cmos-arsenic-biosensor-soil-food10.1021/acssynbio.4c00895
janiga2024-alpine-bullhead-metals10.1007/s11356-024-32288-z
knoll2024-honeybee-cadmium-review10.1007/s12011-024-04118-3
limmer2023-sr-xrf-rice-grain10.1107/s1600577523000747
mancuso2024-food-contamination-cvd10.1007/s11739-024-03610-x
margaoan2024-bee-products-heavy-metals10.1007/s11356-024-33754-4
meligy2024-camel-meat-toxic-elements10.5455/ovj.2024.v14.i1.14
mohammadian-hafshejani2024-cadmium-prostate-cancer-meta10.18502/ijph.v53i3.15136
nepper-davidsen2023-kelp-biomass-composition-nz10.1007/s10811-023-02969-2
prasanna2025-betwa-yamuna-metal-pollution10.1038/s41598-025-34780-z
raab2024-arsenolipids-chlamydomonas10.1007/s00216-023-05122-7
ralston2014-selenium-hbv-methylmercury-seafood10.1007/s12011-015-0516-z
ramadan2024-bahr-mouse-egypt-water10.1007/s10661-024-12541-1
rohonczy2024-arctic-foodweb-cd-hg10.1007/s11356-024-32268-3
salem2024-tomato-remediated-soil-egypt10.1007/s11356-024-33187-z
sawe2023-fish-metals-lake-manyara-tanzania10.1007/s00128-023-03794-6
schmidt2015-arsenic-infancy-commentary10.1289/ehp.123-A137
shaalan2024-nile-tilapia-heavy-metals-egypt10.1186/s12917-024-04367-3
sim2024-inorganic-arsenic-seaweed-hplc10.1007/s00216-024-05250-8
tasdivrik2025-drinking-water-heavy-metals-sivas-turkey10.1038/s41598-025-94950-x
thomas2024-lead-poisoning-ayurvedic-herbal10.1530/edm-23-0066
tian2021-magnetic-purification-cadmium-lead-grain10.1016/j.fochx.2023.100636
troeschel2024-cinnamon-applesauce-lead10.15585/mmwr.mm7414a2
valizadeh2023-canned-beans-iran-health-risk10.1038/s41598-025-34271-1
ventura2025-portuguese-total-diet-study-trace-elements10.3390/foods15050838
wang2023-toxic-metals-daily-diet-ningxia10.1007/s12011-022-03538-3
webster2024-mercury-thyroid-cancer10.1007/s11356-024-32031-8
zafarzadeh2025-heavy-metals-rice-sari-iran10.1038/s41598-025-22000-7
zhang2017-red-raspberry-nutrient-profile10.3233/nha-190072

From OpenAlex API (2)

FileDOI
shumba2025-tilapia-mercury-zambia-mining10.1007/s11356-025-36506-0
sun2023-pb-leek-speciation-xanes10.1107/s1600577523006616

Venue URLs assigned — no DOI (44 files)

no_doi_assigned: true retained; access_url updated from Scholar placeholder to canonical agency/publisher URL.

Government and regulatory documents (43)

FileVenue URL
atsdr-aluminum-toxprofile-2008https://www.atsdr.cdc.gov/toxprofiles/tp22.pdf
atsdr-cadmium-toxprofile-2012https://www.atsdr.cdc.gov/toxprofiles/tp5.pdf
atsdr-mercury-toxprofile-2024https://www.atsdr.cdc.gov/toxprofiles/tp46.pdf
atsdr-nickel-toxprofile-2024https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK610351/
belgian-lead-factsheet-2024https://www.omgeving-en-gezondheid.be/
canada-t4-93-fertilizer-heavy-metal-standardshttps://inspection.canada.ca/plant-health/fertilizers/trade-memoranda/t-4-93/eng/1305611387327/1305611547479
cdc-blood-lead-reference-valuehttps://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/70/wr/mm7043a4.htm
cfia2025-toxic-metals-selected-foods-2022-23https://inspection.canada.ca/en/food-safety-industry/food-chemistry-and-microbiology/testing-reports-and-journal-articles/2022-2022-toxic-metals
codex-cccf17-2024https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/sh-proxy/en/?lnk=1&url=… (CCCF17 final report)
codex-cxs-193-1995https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/sh-proxy/en/?lnk=1&url=… (CXS 193-1995)
ecfr-21cfr10112-serving-sizeshttps://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-21/chapter-I/part-101/subpart-A/section-101.12
epa-arsenic-drinking-water-mclhttps://www.epa.gov/dwreginfo/drinking-water-arsenic-rule-history
epa-eco-ssl-nickel-2007https://www.epa.gov/chemical-research/ecological-soil-screening-level-metal-contaminants
epa-iris-cadmium-1989https://iris.epa.gov/ChemicalLanding/&substance_nmbr=141
epa-iris-inorganic-arsenic-2025https://iris.epa.gov/ChemicalLanding/&substance_nmbr=278
epa-iris-lead-2004https://iris.epa.gov/ChemicalLanding/&substance_nmbr=277
epa-iris-mercuric-chloridehttps://iris.epa.gov/ChemicalLanding/&substance_nmbr=692
epa-iris-methylmercuryhttps://iris.epa.gov/ChemicalLanding/&substance_nmbr=73
eu2023-915-lead-infant-young-child-foodshttps://eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/reg/2023/915/oj/eng
fda-ctz-Pb-babyfood-2025https://www.fda.gov/regulatory-information/search-fda-guidance-documents/guidance-industry-action-levels-lead-processed-food-intended-babies-and-young-children
fda-epa-fish-consumption-advicehttps://www.fda.gov/food/consumers/advice-about-eating-fish
fda-iAs-rice-cereal-2020https://www.fda.gov/regulatory-information/search-fda-guidance-documents/guidance-industry-action-level-inorganic-arsenic-rice-cereals-infants
fda-tds-elements-2018-2020https://www.fda.gov/food/fda-total-diet-study-tds/fda-total-diet-study-tds-results
fda2004-juice-haccp-leadhttps://www.fda.gov/regulatory-information/search-fda-guidance-documents/guidance-industry-juice-hazard-analysis-critical-control-point-hazards-and-controls-guidance-first
fda2011-arsenic-apple-juice-2005-2011https://www.fda.gov/food/environmental-contaminants-food/arsenic-apple-juice-analytical-results-2005-2011-toxic-elements-food-and-foodware-program
fda2013-ias-rice-products-samplinghttps://www.fda.gov/food/environmental-contaminants-food/arsenic-food-and-dietary-supplements
fda2016-arsenic-rice-cereal-analytic-resultshttps://www.fda.gov/food/risk-and-safety-assessments-food/arsenic-rice-and-rice-products-risk-assessment
fda2016-arsenic-rice-risk-assessmenthttps://www.fda.gov/food/risk-and-safety-assessments-food/arsenic-rice-and-rice-products-risk-assessment
fda2018-iAs-infant-rice-cereals-fy2018https://www.fda.gov/media/135552/download
fda2022-draft-lead-juicehttps://www.fda.gov/regulatory-information/search-fda-guidance-documents/draft-guidance-industry-action-levels-lead-juice
fda2023-ias-apple-juice-guidancehttps://www.fda.gov/regulatory-information/search-fda-guidance-documents/guidance-industry-action-level-inorganic-arsenic-apple-juice
fda2025-cp7304-019-toxic-elements-food-foodwarehttps://www.fda.gov/food/chemical-contaminants-pesticides/toxic-elements-foods-and-foodware
fsanz2019-25th-australian-total-diet-studyhttps://www.foodstandards.gov.au/science-data/monitoring-safety/australian-total-diet-study
jecfa-72nd-lead-2010https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/9789241209595
jecfa-73rd-cadmium-2010https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/9789241660648
jecfa-82nd-arsenichttps://www.who.int/publications/i/item/9789241660730
jecfa-91st-cadmium-2022https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/9789240060760
jecfa-food-additive-specs-compendiumhttps://openknowledge.fao.org/handle/20.500.14283/a0691e
meter2019-cadmium-cacao-lac-reviewhttps://scioteca.caf.com/handle/123456789/1110
minamata-convention-2013https://minamataconvention.org/en/resources/minamata-convention-mercury-text-annexes
ntp-15th-roc-nickel-2021https://ntp.niehs.nih.gov/sites/default/files/ntp/roc/content/profiles/nickel.pdf
oehha-arsenic-prop65-listinghttps://oehha.ca.gov/proposition-65/chemicals/arsenic-inorganic-arsenic-compounds
oehha-cadmium-prop65-madl-2001https://oehha.ca.gov/proposition-65/chemicals/cadmium
oehha-lead-prop65-listinghttps://oehha.ca.gov/proposition-65/chemicals/lead-and-lead-compounds

Not indexed in major databases (1)

FileVenue URLNote
rashmi2020-baby-talcum-powder-heavy-metals-indiahttps://patnawomenscollege.in/iris-vol-x2020/IRIS Journal for Young Scientists Vol. X (2020), Patna Women’s College; not in Crossref/OpenAlex/Semantic Scholar

Side notes from sub-agents (non-DOI issues to address separately)

These discrepancies were flagged during the DOI recovery pass but are out of scope for this run:

  • sitek2022: frontmatter publication says “Nutrients” but actual journal is IJOMEH (International Journal of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health)
  • sim2024: frontmatter publication says “Food Chemistry” but actual journal is Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry
  • sun2024-libs-pb-soil: frontmatter authors and title are stubs; actual first author is Shefeng Li (Molecules 2024)
  • shumba2025: actual corresponding author is Musonda Chisanga, not Shumba; cite_key author may be wrong
  • wang2023-toxic-metals-daily-diet-ningxia: frontmatter publication says “Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology” but actual journal is Biological Trace Element Research
  • tian2021-magnetic-purification-cadmium-lead-grain: frontmatter year: 2021 but paper published 2023
  • troeschel2024-cinnamon-applesauce-lead: frontmatter year: 2024 but paper published April 2025
  • valizadeh2023-canned-beans-iran-health-risk: frontmatter year: 2023 but paper published 2026
  • ventura2025-portuguese-total-diet-study-trace-elements: frontmatter year: 2025 but paper published 2026
  • zhang2017-red-raspberry-nutrient-profile: frontmatter year: 2017 but paper published 2019 in Nutrition and Healthy Aging (not Journal of Food Composition and Analysis)
  • yang2024-libs-cd-panax-notoginseng: actual first author is Chen R, not Yang; cite_key may derive from wrong author
  • schmidt2015-arsenic-infancy-commentary: raw file FM_5322685 contains wrong paper (Kelishadi et al. 2016 jujube/breast milk study); raw_path likely points to wrong PDF
  • belgian-lead-factsheet-2024: milieu-en-gezondheid.be domain migrated to omgeving-en-gezondheid.be; direct PDF URL at new domain returns 404