Heavy metals in Frankfurter

Quick read

Frankfurter in the HMI library has 65 reported results for lead, cadmium, total arsenic, total mercury, nickel, chromium, aluminium, tin, uranium, Cu, Fe, Zn and Se from 7 sources.^{1World Health Organization · 2026GEMS/Food Contaminants database heavy-metal exportsGEMS/Food Contamination Monitoring and Assessment ProgrammeRead source →}^{2U.S. Food and Drug Administration · 2022FY2018-FY2020 TDS Elements Analytical ResultsFDA Total Diet StudyRead source →}^{3Korfali SI, Abou Hamdan W · 2013Essentail and Toxic Metals in Lebanese Marketed Canned Food: Impact of Metal CansJournal of Food Research 2(1) (2013) 19-30Read source →}^{4Spungen JH, et al. · 2024Infants’ and young children’s dietary exposures to lead and cadmium: FDA total diet study 2018-2020Food Additives & Contaminants: Part ARead source →}^{5Todorovska N, Silovska Nikolova A, Pejkovski Z · 2023DETERMINATION OF As, Cd, Pb, Cu AND Zn IN MEAT, MEAT PRODUCTS AND FISHJournal of Agricultural, Food and Environmental Sciences 77(2) (2023) 86-91Read source →}^{6Dabeka RW, McKenzie AD, Bradley P · 2003Survey of total mercury in total diet food composites and an estimation of the dietary intake of mercury by adults and children from two Canadian cities, 1998-2000Food Additives & ContaminantsRead source →}

Metals measured:
Lead, cadmium, total arsenic, total mercury, nickel and chromium and others, in 65 results from 7 sources.^{1World Health Organization · 2026GEMS/Food Contaminants database heavy-metal exportsGEMS/Food Contamination Monitoring and Assessment ProgrammeRead source →}^{2U.S. Food and Drug Administration · 2022FY2018-FY2020 TDS Elements Analytical ResultsFDA Total Diet StudyRead source →}^{3Korfali SI, Abou Hamdan W · 2013Essentail and Toxic Metals in Lebanese Marketed Canned Food: Impact of Metal CansJournal of Food Research 2(1) (2013) 19-30Read source →}^{4Spungen JH, et al. · 2024Infants’ and young children’s dietary exposures to lead and cadmium: FDA total diet study 2018-2020Food Additives & Contaminants: Part ARead source →}
Main drivers:
Form, basis and where the frankfurter was sampled; reporting limits decide how many results are non-detects.^{1World Health Organization · 2026GEMS/Food Contaminants database heavy-metal exportsGEMS/Food Contamination Monitoring and Assessment ProgrammeRead source →}^{2U.S. Food and Drug Administration · 2022FY2018-FY2020 TDS Elements Analytical ResultsFDA Total Diet StudyRead source →}^{3Korfali SI, Abou Hamdan W · 2013Essentail and Toxic Metals in Lebanese Marketed Canned Food: Impact of Metal CansJournal of Food Research 2(1) (2013) 19-30Read source →}^{4Spungen JH, et al. · 2024Infants’ and young children’s dietary exposures to lead and cadmium: FDA total diet study 2018-2020Food Additives & Contaminants: Part ARead source →}
Practical framing:
Ask for lot results with a quantification limit well below the limit that applies in the destination market.^{1World Health Organization · 2026GEMS/Food Contaminants database heavy-metal exportsGEMS/Food Contamination Monitoring and Assessment ProgrammeRead source →}^{2U.S. Food and Drug Administration · 2022FY2018-FY2020 TDS Elements Analytical ResultsFDA Total Diet StudyRead source →}^{3Korfali SI, Abou Hamdan W · 2013Essentail and Toxic Metals in Lebanese Marketed Canned Food: Impact of Metal CansJournal of Food Research 2(1) (2013) 19-30Read source →}^{4Spungen JH, et al. · 2024Infants’ and young children’s dietary exposures to lead and cadmium: FDA total diet study 2018-2020Food Additives & Contaminants: Part ARead source →}

Frankfurter overview

Frankfurter in the HMI library has 65 reported results for lead, cadmium, total arsenic, total mercury, nickel, chromium, aluminium, tin, uranium, Cu, Fe, Zn and Se from 7 sources.^{1World Health Organization · 2026GEMS/Food Contaminants database heavy-metal exportsGEMS/Food Contamination Monitoring and Assessment ProgrammeRead source →}^{2U.S. Food and Drug Administration · 2022FY2018-FY2020 TDS Elements Analytical ResultsFDA Total Diet StudyRead source →}^{3Korfali SI, Abou Hamdan W · 2013Essentail and Toxic Metals in Lebanese Marketed Canned Food: Impact of Metal CansJournal of Food Research 2(1) (2013) 19-30Read source →}^{4Spungen JH, et al. · 2024Infants’ and young children’s dietary exposures to lead and cadmium: FDA total diet study 2018-2020Food Additives & Contaminants: Part ARead source →}^{5Todorovska N, Silovska Nikolova A, Pejkovski Z · 2023DETERMINATION OF As, Cd, Pb, Cu AND Zn IN MEAT, MEAT PRODUCTS AND FISHJournal of Agricultural, Food and Environmental Sciences 77(2) (2023) 86-91Read source →}^{6Dabeka RW, McKenzie AD, Bradley P · 2003Survey of total mercury in total diet food composites and an estimation of the dietary intake of mercury by adults and children from two Canadian cities, 1998-2000Food Additives & ContaminantsRead source →} WHO GEMS/Food submissions reported lead in frankfurter, cooked from 7 results in 1 reporting region, with a subgroup median of 3.2 µg/kg.^{1World Health Organization · 2026GEMS/Food Contaminants database heavy-metal exportsGEMS/Food Contamination Monitoring and Assessment ProgrammeRead source →} In the US Total Diet Study, frankfurter, cooked had a median lead result below 4 µg/kg across 22 composites from 2017–2020.^{2U.S. Food and Drug Administration · 2022FY2018-FY2020 TDS Elements Analytical ResultsFDA Total Diet StudyRead source →}

Across 2 other studies of ordinary farms and markets, reported lead means and medians on an as-sold or fresh-weight basis ranged from 3 µg/kg (Spungen et al. 2024) to 5 µg/kg (Korfali et al. 2013).^{3Korfali SI, Abou Hamdan W · 2013Essentail and Toxic Metals in Lebanese Marketed Canned Food: Impact of Metal CansJournal of Food Research 2(1) (2013) 19-30Read source →}^{4Spungen JH, et al. · 2024Infants’ and young children’s dietary exposures to lead and cadmium: FDA total diet study 2018-2020Food Additives & Contaminants: Part ARead source →} For cadmium, 2 studies on an as-sold or fresh-weight basis reported means and medians from 2.9 µg/kg (Spungen et al. 2024) to 29 µg/kg (Korfali et al. 2013).^{3Korfali SI, Abou Hamdan W · 2013Essentail and Toxic Metals in Lebanese Marketed Canned Food: Impact of Metal CansJournal of Food Research 2(1) (2013) 19-30Read source →}^{4Spungen JH, et al. · 2024Infants’ and young children’s dietary exposures to lead and cadmium: FDA total diet study 2018-2020Food Additives & Contaminants: Part ARead source →}

For a buyer the practical points are the form bought, the basis a result is reported on, where the frankfurter came from and the laboratory’s reporting limit. Testing finds contamination but does not remove it.

What counts as frankfurter

This page covers frankfurter in 3 forms kept separate in every comparison: frankfurter, canned (27 results), frankfurter, cooked (26 results) and frankfurter, as sold (12 results).^{1World Health Organization · 2026GEMS/Food Contaminants database heavy-metal exportsGEMS/Food Contamination Monitoring and Assessment ProgrammeRead source →}^{2U.S. Food and Drug Administration · 2022FY2018-FY2020 TDS Elements Analytical ResultsFDA Total Diet StudyRead source →}^{3Korfali SI, Abou Hamdan W · 2013Essentail and Toxic Metals in Lebanese Marketed Canned Food: Impact of Metal CansJournal of Food Research 2(1) (2013) 19-30Read source →}^{4Spungen JH, et al. · 2024Infants’ and young children’s dietary exposures to lead and cadmium: FDA total diet study 2018-2020Food Additives & Contaminants: Part ARead source →}^{5Todorovska N, Silovska Nikolova A, Pejkovski Z · 2023DETERMINATION OF As, Cd, Pb, Cu AND Zn IN MEAT, MEAT PRODUCTS AND FISHJournal of Agricultural, Food and Environmental Sciences 77(2) (2023) 86-91Read source →}^{6Dabeka RW, McKenzie AD, Bradley P · 2003Survey of total mercury in total diet food composites and an estimation of the dietary intake of mercury by adults and children from two Canadian cities, 1998-2000Food Additives & ContaminantsRead source →}

Results stay on the basis each source reports: as sold or fresh weight, dry weight, or unstated. Dry-weight, as-sold and unstated results are never pooled, and no moisture conversion is applied.

Heavy metal contamination profile of frankfurter

The table holds every extracted frankfurter result: one row for each statistic a source reports for a form, group and metal, 65 rows in all, grouped by metal and form; percentiles, ranges and maxima for the same samples as a mean or median are shown on that row.^{1World Health Organization · 2026GEMS/Food Contaminants database heavy-metal exportsGEMS/Food Contamination Monitoring and Assessment ProgrammeRead source →}^{2U.S. Food and Drug Administration · 2022FY2018-FY2020 TDS Elements Analytical ResultsFDA Total Diet StudyRead source →}^{3Korfali SI, Abou Hamdan W · 2013Essentail and Toxic Metals in Lebanese Marketed Canned Food: Impact of Metal CansJournal of Food Research 2(1) (2013) 19-30Read source →}^{4Spungen JH, et al. · 2024Infants’ and young children’s dietary exposures to lead and cadmium: FDA total diet study 2018-2020Food Additives & Contaminants: Part ARead source →}^{5Todorovska N, Silovska Nikolova A, Pejkovski Z · 2023DETERMINATION OF As, Cd, Pb, Cu AND Zn IN MEAT, MEAT PRODUCTS AND FISHJournal of Agricultural, Food and Environmental Sciences 77(2) (2023) 86-91Read source →}^{6Dabeka RW, McKenzie AD, Bradley P · 2003Survey of total mercury in total diet food composites and an estimation of the dietary intake of mercury by adults and children from two Canadian cities, 1998-2000Food Additives & ContaminantsRead source →} Monitoring medians are HMI calculations from individual submissions; non-detects remain intervals between zero and the reporting limit and are never read as zero.^{1World Health Organization · 2026GEMS/Food Contaminants database heavy-metal exportsGEMS/Food Contamination Monitoring and Assessment ProgrammeRead source →}

8 rows can be rated against an HMI reference for the same form and basis, 0 rows have a direct same-study comparison, and the rest stay unrated with the reason recorded.

Comparison methods and scope

Each row is one statistic a source reports for one form of frankfurter, group and metal; percentiles, ranges and maxima reported for the same samples as a mean or median are shown on that row. Different forms and preparation states are kept apart, and dry-weight results never share a reference with as-sold or fresh-weight results. Ratings place a result against an HMI reference built from monitoring results and ordinary-setting medians for the same form and basis. Same-study contrasts compare a contaminated or treated site with its control, targeted with random sampling, a prepared form with the unprocessed one, or one group of a study with the median of its other groups. Held rows failed a check against their own source and are shown but not compared.

About this table

Food formCollection scopeFindingComparisonEvidence

Frankfurter findings from monitoring programmes, total diet studies and every extracted field, market and contaminated-site study, in µg/kg with each source’s form, basis, statistic and censoring retained.
Food form	Collection scope	Finding (µg/kg)

1 finding · 1 study · 2 spread figures folded in
Frankfurter, cannedKorfali et al. 2013	hot dog (food type), Lebanese supermarketsCollection date unreported	mean.Same samples: 1 µg/kg (minimum); 18 µg/kg (maximum)
Frankfurter, cannedKorfali et al. 2013	hot dog (food type), Lebanese supermarketsCollection date unreported	min.
Frankfurter, cannedKorfali et al. 2013	hot dog (food type), Lebanese supermarketsCollection date unreported	max.
6 findings · 4 studies
Frankfurter, cookedWHO GEMS/Food	PAHO2013–2014	median.
Frankfurter, cookedFDA Total Diet Study	7 collection regions2017–2020	median.
Frankfurter, cookedSpungen et al. 2024	all samples2018–2020	mean.
Frankfurter, cookedTodorovska et al. 2023	sausages, unit 1 (different manufacturer or supplier)Collection date unreportedBasis not stated	sample value.
Frankfurter, cookedTodorovska et al. 2023	sausages, unit 2 (different manufacturer or supplier)Collection date unreportedBasis not stated	sample value.
Frankfurter, cookedTodorovska et al. 2023	sausages, unit 3 (different manufacturer or supplier)Collection date unreportedBasis not stated	sample value.
3 findings · 1 study
Frankfurter, as soldWHO GEMS/Food	PAHO2000–2017	median.
Frankfurter, as soldWHO GEMS/Food	PAHO2011–2012	median.
Frankfurter, as soldWHO GEMS/Food	PAHO2013	median.

1 finding · 1 study · 2 spread figures folded in
Frankfurter, cannedKorfali et al. 2013	hot dog (food type), Lebanese supermarketsCollection date unreported	mean.Same samples: 24 µg/kg (minimum); 40 µg/kg (maximum)
Frankfurter, cannedKorfali et al. 2013	hot dog (food type), Lebanese supermarketsCollection date unreported	min.
Frankfurter, cannedKorfali et al. 2013	hot dog (food type), Lebanese supermarketsCollection date unreported	max.
6 findings · 4 studies
Frankfurter, cookedWHO GEMS/Food	PAHO2014	median.
Frankfurter, cookedFDA Total Diet Study	7 collection regions2017–2020	median.
Frankfurter, cookedSpungen et al. 2024	all samples2018–2020	mean.
Frankfurter, cookedTodorovska et al. 2023	sausages, unit 1 (different manufacturer or supplier)Collection date unreportedBasis not stated	sample value.
Frankfurter, cookedTodorovska et al. 2023	sausages, unit 2 (different manufacturer or supplier)Collection date unreportedBasis not stated	sample value.
Frankfurter, cookedTodorovska et al. 2023	sausages, unit 3 (different manufacturer or supplier)Collection date unreportedBasis not stated	sample value.
5 findings · 1 study
Frankfurter, as soldWHO GEMS/Food	EURO2003–2004	median.
Frankfurter, as soldWHO GEMS/Food	EURO2004	median.
Frankfurter, as soldWHO GEMS/Food	EURO2004	median.
Frankfurter, as soldWHO GEMS/Food	PAHO2003–2010	median.
Frankfurter, as soldWHO GEMS/Food	PAHO1999–2018	median.

4 findings · 2 studies
Frankfurter, cookedFDA Total Diet Study	7 collection regions2017–2020	median.
Frankfurter, cookedTodorovska et al. 2023	sausages, unit 1 (different manufacturer or supplier)Collection date unreportedBasis not stated	not detected.
Frankfurter, cookedTodorovska et al. 2023	sausages, unit 2 (different manufacturer or supplier)Collection date unreportedBasis not stated	not detected.
Frankfurter, cookedTodorovska et al. 2023	sausages, unit 3 (different manufacturer or supplier)Collection date unreportedBasis not stated	not detected.
1 finding · 1 study
Frankfurter, as soldWHO GEMS/Food	EURO2014–2023	median.

1 finding · 1 study · 2 spread figures folded in
Frankfurter, cannedKorfali et al. 2013	hot dog (food type), Lebanese supermarketsCollection date unreported	mean.Same samples: 7 µg/kg (minimum); 30 µg/kg (maximum)
Frankfurter, cannedKorfali et al. 2013	hot dog (food type), Lebanese supermarketsCollection date unreported	min.
Frankfurter, cannedKorfali et al. 2013	hot dog (food type), Lebanese supermarketsCollection date unreported	max.
1 finding · 1 study
Frankfurter, cookedFDA Total Diet Study	7 collection regions2017–2020	median.
2 findings · 1 study
Frankfurter, as soldDabeka et al. 2003	Ottawa composite (retail Oct-Nov 2000)1998–2000	sample value.
Frankfurter, as soldDabeka et al. 2003	Whitehorse composite (retail Jan-Feb 1998)1998–2000	sample value.

1 finding · 1 study
Frankfurter, cookedFDA Total Diet Study	7 collection regions2017–2020	median.

1 finding · 1 study · 2 spread figures folded in
Frankfurter, cannedKorfali et al. 2013	hot dog (food type), Lebanese supermarketsCollection date unreported	mean.Same samples: 40 µg/kg (minimum); 60 µg/kg (maximum)
Frankfurter, cannedKorfali et al. 2013	hot dog (food type), Lebanese supermarketsCollection date unreported	min.
Frankfurter, cannedKorfali et al. 2013	hot dog (food type), Lebanese supermarketsCollection date unreported	max.
1 finding · 1 study
Frankfurter, cookedFDA Total Diet Study	7 collection regions2017–2020	median.

1 finding · 1 study · 2 spread figures folded in
Frankfurter, cannedKorfali et al. 2013	hot dog (food type), Lebanese supermarketsCollection date unreported	mean.Same samples: 90 µg/kg (minimum); 150 µg/kg (maximum)
Frankfurter, cannedKorfali et al. 2013	hot dog (food type), Lebanese supermarketsCollection date unreported	min.
Frankfurter, cannedKorfali et al. 2013	hot dog (food type), Lebanese supermarketsCollection date unreported	max.

1 finding · 1 study · 2 spread figures folded in
Frankfurter, cannedKorfali et al. 2013	hot dog (food type), Lebanese supermarketsCollection date unreported	mean.Same samples: 1,700 µg/kg (minimum); 9,500 µg/kg (maximum)
Frankfurter, cannedKorfali et al. 2013	hot dog (food type), Lebanese supermarketsCollection date unreported	min.
Frankfurter, cannedKorfali et al. 2013	hot dog (food type), Lebanese supermarketsCollection date unreported	max.

1 finding · 1 study
Frankfurter, cookedFDA Total Diet Study	7 collection regions2017–2020	median.

1 finding · 1 study · 2 spread figures folded in
Frankfurter, cannedKorfali et al. 2013	hot dog (food type), Lebanese supermarketsCollection date unreported	mean.Same samples: 550 µg/kg (minimum); 1,000 µg/kg (maximum)
Frankfurter, cannedKorfali et al. 2013	hot dog (food type), Lebanese supermarketsCollection date unreported	min.
Frankfurter, cannedKorfali et al. 2013	hot dog (food type), Lebanese supermarketsCollection date unreported	max.
3 findings · 1 study
Frankfurter, cookedTodorovska et al. 2023	sausages, unit 1 (different manufacturer or supplier)Collection date unreportedBasis not stated	sample value.
Frankfurter, cookedTodorovska et al. 2023	sausages, unit 2 (different manufacturer or supplier)Collection date unreportedBasis not stated	sample value.
Frankfurter, cookedTodorovska et al. 2023	sausages, unit 3 (different manufacturer or supplier)Collection date unreportedBasis not stated	sample value.

1 finding · 1 study · 2 spread figures folded in
Frankfurter, cannedKorfali et al. 2013	hot dog (food type), Lebanese supermarketsCollection date unreported	mean.Same samples: 10,000 µg/kg (minimum); 16,000 µg/kg (maximum)
Frankfurter, cannedKorfali et al. 2013	hot dog (food type), Lebanese supermarketsCollection date unreported	min.
Frankfurter, cannedKorfali et al. 2013	hot dog (food type), Lebanese supermarketsCollection date unreported	max.

1 finding · 1 study · 2 spread figures folded in
Frankfurter, cannedKorfali et al. 2013	hot dog (food type), Lebanese supermarketsCollection date unreported	mean.Same samples: 10,000 µg/kg (minimum); 17,000 µg/kg (maximum)
Frankfurter, cannedKorfali et al. 2013	hot dog (food type), Lebanese supermarketsCollection date unreported	min.
Frankfurter, cannedKorfali et al. 2013	hot dog (food type), Lebanese supermarketsCollection date unreported	max.
3 findings · 1 study
Frankfurter, cookedTodorovska et al. 2023	sausages, unit 1 (different manufacturer or supplier)Collection date unreportedBasis not stated	sample value.
Frankfurter, cookedTodorovska et al. 2023	sausages, unit 2 (different manufacturer or supplier)Collection date unreportedBasis not stated	sample value.
Frankfurter, cookedTodorovska et al. 2023	sausages, unit 3 (different manufacturer or supplier)Collection date unreportedBasis not stated	sample value.

1 finding · 1 study
Frankfurter, as soldVentura et al. 2025	individual pooled sample (text value)2014–2016	sample value.

Shared dataset methods and interpretation

Source summaries retain their original statistic, material, basis and censoring. Each source drawer identifies methods and overlapping samples. No matched reference or pooled distribution is inferred.

HMI frankfurter Pb reference · Frankfurter, cooked

Reference and scope

HMI frankfurter Pb reference · Frankfurter, cooked. Frankfurter, cooked; As sold, as eaten or fresh weight, µg/kg; no moisture conversion. Distribution of subgroup median concentration values.

Reference (µg/kg)	Q1	Median	Q3
Primary HMI reference	≤3.5	3–4 (bounded)	4.35
Alternative weighting	≤3.5	3–4 (bounded)	4.35

24 reference units; 2 sampling families. Counts describe evidence units, not independent studies or certainty.

Contributing family	Reference units	Weight
WHO GEMS/Food	2	50%
FDA Total Diet Study	22	50%

Methods

HMI pools subgroup medians for frankfurter, cooked on a as sold, as eaten or fresh weight basis: monitoring results summarized as one median per reporting region, sampling type and collection year, total diet composites and printed sample values as single observations, and printed subgroup medians from ordinary farms or markets. Each sampling family has equal total weight. Non-detects stay as zero-to-limit intervals, so quartiles carry lower and upper bounds. Means, ranges and maxima never enter as observations. Other forms, other bases, targeted sampling and results from mining, industrial, wastewater-affected, experimental, fertiliser or manufacturer settings are kept out of this reference.

Inverse weighted empirical CDF; midpoint at exact cumulative-weight boundaries. At least four reference units and a definitely positive Q1 to Q3 spread are required. This is a display eligibility rule, not statistical validation.

Limitations

2 sampling families with different designs; none is a probability sample of world supply. Reporting regions and purchase markets are not growing areas. Non-detects with differing limits widen the bounds. A position is descriptive concentration, not a safety or compliance judgment.

Admitted source families

Reference version and interpretation

Frozen evidence selection: 2026-10-22. Method: hmi-pooled-reference-v2.

hmi-pooled-reference-v2:frankfurter-6c19b5afe597:de376ad7866b

The reference is computed by HMI from admitted evidence, not copied from a study baseline. It describes the evidence currently in this scope; it is not a worldwide or current-lot benchmark. Source, year and region filters do not change it. Different HMI scopes are not one common ranking.

HMI frankfurter Pb reference · Frankfurter, as sold

Reference and scope

HMI frankfurter Pb reference · Frankfurter, as sold. Frankfurter, as sold; As sold, as eaten or fresh weight, µg/kg; no moisture conversion. Distribution of subgroup median concentration values.

Reference (µg/kg)	Q1	Median	Q3
Primary HMI reference	≤16.5	≤20	≤20
Alternative weighting	≤20	≤20	≤20

20 reference units; 1 sampling family. Counts describe evidence units, not independent studies or certainty.

Contributing family	Reference units	Weight
WHO GEMS/Food	20	100%

Methods

HMI pools subgroup medians for frankfurter, as sold on a as sold, as eaten or fresh weight basis: monitoring results summarized as one median per reporting region, sampling type and collection year, total diet composites and printed sample values as single observations, and printed subgroup medians from ordinary farms or markets. Each sampling family has equal total weight. Non-detects stay as zero-to-limit intervals, so quartiles carry lower and upper bounds. Means, ranges and maxima never enter as observations. Other forms, other bases, targeted sampling and results from mining, industrial, wastewater-affected, experimental, fertiliser or manufacturer settings are kept out of this reference.

Inverse weighted empirical CDF; midpoint at exact cumulative-weight boundaries. At least four reference units and a definitely positive Q1 to Q3 spread are required. This is a display eligibility rule, not statistical validation.

Limitations

WHO GEMS/Food is the only compatible sampling family for frankfurter, as sold on this basis in the completed frankfurter ledger, so this single-family reference cannot represent other markets. Reporting regions and purchase markets are not growing areas. Non-detects with differing limits widen the bounds. A position is descriptive concentration, not a safety or compliance judgment.

Admitted source families

WHO GEMS/Food

Reference version and interpretation

Frozen evidence selection: 2026-10-22. Method: hmi-pooled-reference-v2.

hmi-pooled-reference-v2:frankfurter-1d55000b9547:287406a2a3de

The reference is computed by HMI from admitted evidence, not copied from a study baseline. It describes the evidence currently in this scope; it is not a worldwide or current-lot benchmark. Source, year and region filters do not change it. Different HMI scopes are not one common ranking.

HMI frankfurter Cd reference · Frankfurter, cooked

Reference and scope

HMI frankfurter Cd reference · Frankfurter, cooked. Frankfurter, cooked; As sold, as eaten or fresh weight, µg/kg; no moisture conversion. Distribution of subgroup median concentration values.

Reference (µg/kg)	Q1	Median	Q3
Primary HMI reference	3.35	9	13.2
Alternative weighting	3.35	9	13.2

23 reference units; 2 sampling families. Counts describe evidence units, not independent studies or certainty.

Contributing family	Reference units	Weight
WHO GEMS/Food	1	50%
FDA Total Diet Study	22	50%

Methods

HMI pools subgroup medians for frankfurter, cooked on a as sold, as eaten or fresh weight basis: monitoring results summarized as one median per reporting region, sampling type and collection year, total diet composites and printed sample values as single observations, and printed subgroup medians from ordinary farms or markets. Each sampling family has equal total weight. Non-detects stay as zero-to-limit intervals, so quartiles carry lower and upper bounds. Means, ranges and maxima never enter as observations. Other forms, other bases, targeted sampling and results from mining, industrial, wastewater-affected, experimental, fertiliser or manufacturer settings are kept out of this reference.

Inverse weighted empirical CDF; midpoint at exact cumulative-weight boundaries. At least four reference units and a definitely positive Q1 to Q3 spread are required. This is a display eligibility rule, not statistical validation.

Limitations

2 sampling families with different designs; none is a probability sample of world supply. Reporting regions and purchase markets are not growing areas. Non-detects with differing limits widen the bounds. A position is descriptive concentration, not a safety or compliance judgment.

Admitted source families

Reference version and interpretation

Frozen evidence selection: 2026-10-22. Method: hmi-pooled-reference-v2.

hmi-pooled-reference-v2:frankfurter-6ec8fbc9a2d1:e2db16909882

The reference is computed by HMI from admitted evidence, not copied from a study baseline. It describes the evidence currently in this scope; it is not a worldwide or current-lot benchmark. Source, year and region filters do not change it. Different HMI scopes are not one common ranking.

HMI frankfurter Cd reference · Frankfurter, as sold

Reference and scope

HMI frankfurter Cd reference · Frankfurter, as sold. Frankfurter, as sold; As sold, as eaten or fresh weight, µg/kg; no moisture conversion. Distribution of subgroup median concentration values.

Reference (µg/kg)	Q1	Median	Q3
Primary HMI reference	3.5–4 (bounded)	6.5–7 (bounded)	10.3
Alternative weighting	4	7	10.3

20 reference units; 1 sampling family. Counts describe evidence units, not independent studies or certainty.

Contributing family	Reference units	Weight
WHO GEMS/Food	20	100%

Methods

HMI pools subgroup medians for frankfurter, as sold on a as sold, as eaten or fresh weight basis: monitoring results summarized as one median per reporting region, sampling type and collection year, total diet composites and printed sample values as single observations, and printed subgroup medians from ordinary farms or markets. Each sampling family has equal total weight. Non-detects stay as zero-to-limit intervals, so quartiles carry lower and upper bounds. Means, ranges and maxima never enter as observations. Other forms, other bases, targeted sampling and results from mining, industrial, wastewater-affected, experimental, fertiliser or manufacturer settings are kept out of this reference.

Inverse weighted empirical CDF; midpoint at exact cumulative-weight boundaries. At least four reference units and a definitely positive Q1 to Q3 spread are required. This is a display eligibility rule, not statistical validation.

Limitations

WHO GEMS/Food is the only compatible sampling family for frankfurter, as sold on this basis in the completed frankfurter ledger, so this single-family reference cannot represent other markets. Reporting regions and purchase markets are not growing areas. Non-detects with differing limits widen the bounds. A position is descriptive concentration, not a safety or compliance judgment.

Admitted source families

WHO GEMS/Food

Reference version and interpretation

Frozen evidence selection: 2026-10-22. Method: hmi-pooled-reference-v2.

hmi-pooled-reference-v2:frankfurter-9541b51e157c:f71b02f54b01

The reference is computed by HMI from admitted evidence, not copied from a study baseline. It describes the evidence currently in this scope; it is not a worldwide or current-lot benchmark. Source, year and region filters do not change it. Different HMI scopes are not one common ranking.

HMI frankfurter tAs reference · Frankfurter, cooked

Reference and scope

HMI frankfurter tAs reference · Frankfurter, cooked. Frankfurter, cooked; As sold, as eaten or fresh weight, µg/kg; no moisture conversion. Distribution of subgroup median concentration values.

Reference (µg/kg)	Q1	Median	Q3
Primary HMI reference	≤3	≤3	≤3
Alternative weighting	≤3	≤3	≤3

22 reference units; 1 sampling family. Counts describe evidence units, not independent studies or certainty.

Contributing family	Reference units	Weight
FDA Total Diet Study	22	100%

Methods

HMI pools subgroup medians for frankfurter, cooked on a as sold, as eaten or fresh weight basis: monitoring results summarized as one median per reporting region, sampling type and collection year, total diet composites and printed sample values as single observations, and printed subgroup medians from ordinary farms or markets. Each sampling family has equal total weight. Non-detects stay as zero-to-limit intervals, so quartiles carry lower and upper bounds. Means, ranges and maxima never enter as observations. Other forms, other bases, targeted sampling and results from mining, industrial, wastewater-affected, experimental, fertiliser or manufacturer settings are kept out of this reference.

Inverse weighted empirical CDF; midpoint at exact cumulative-weight boundaries. At least four reference units and a definitely positive Q1 to Q3 spread are required. This is a display eligibility rule, not statistical validation.

Limitations

FDA Total Diet Study is the only compatible sampling family for frankfurter, cooked on this basis in the completed frankfurter ledger, so this single-family reference cannot represent other markets. Reporting regions and purchase markets are not growing areas. Non-detects with differing limits widen the bounds. A position is descriptive concentration, not a safety or compliance judgment.

Admitted source families

FDA Total Diet Study

Reference version and interpretation

Frozen evidence selection: 2026-10-22. Method: hmi-pooled-reference-v2.

hmi-pooled-reference-v2:frankfurter-0fb9f5be354f:a26110475d32

The reference is computed by HMI from admitted evidence, not copied from a study baseline. It describes the evidence currently in this scope; it is not a worldwide or current-lot benchmark. Source, year and region filters do not change it. Different HMI scopes are not one common ranking.

HMI frankfurter tAs reference · Frankfurter, as sold

Reference and scope

HMI frankfurter tAs reference · Frankfurter, as sold. Frankfurter, as sold; As sold, as eaten or fresh weight, µg/kg; no moisture conversion. Distribution of subgroup median concentration values.

Reference (µg/kg)	Q1	Median	Q3
Primary HMI reference	0.862–1.75 (bounded)	1.73–2.23 (bounded)	2.02–5.36 (bounded)
Alternative weighting	0.862–1.75 (bounded)	1.73–2.23 (bounded)	2.02–5.36 (bounded)

10 reference units; 1 sampling family. Counts describe evidence units, not independent studies or certainty.

Contributing family	Reference units	Weight
WHO GEMS/Food	10	100%

Methods

HMI pools subgroup medians for frankfurter, as sold on a as sold, as eaten or fresh weight basis: monitoring results summarized as one median per reporting region, sampling type and collection year, total diet composites and printed sample values as single observations, and printed subgroup medians from ordinary farms or markets. Each sampling family has equal total weight. Non-detects stay as zero-to-limit intervals, so quartiles carry lower and upper bounds. Means, ranges and maxima never enter as observations. Other forms, other bases, targeted sampling and results from mining, industrial, wastewater-affected, experimental, fertiliser or manufacturer settings are kept out of this reference.

Inverse weighted empirical CDF; midpoint at exact cumulative-weight boundaries. At least four reference units and a definitely positive Q1 to Q3 spread are required. This is a display eligibility rule, not statistical validation.

Limitations

WHO GEMS/Food is the only compatible sampling family for frankfurter, as sold on this basis in the completed frankfurter ledger, so this single-family reference cannot represent other markets. Reporting regions and purchase markets are not growing areas. Non-detects with differing limits widen the bounds. A position is descriptive concentration, not a safety or compliance judgment.

Admitted source families

WHO GEMS/Food

Reference version and interpretation

Frozen evidence selection: 2026-10-22. Method: hmi-pooled-reference-v2.

hmi-pooled-reference-v2:frankfurter-4eb995735ac4:038840b01fff

The reference is computed by HMI from admitted evidence, not copied from a study baseline. It describes the evidence currently in this scope; it is not a worldwide or current-lot benchmark. Source, year and region filters do not change it. Different HMI scopes are not one common ranking.

HMI frankfurter tHg reference · Frankfurter, cooked

Reference and scope

HMI frankfurter tHg reference · Frankfurter, cooked. Frankfurter, cooked; As sold, as eaten or fresh weight, µg/kg; no moisture conversion. Distribution of subgroup median concentration values.

Reference (µg/kg)	Q1	Median	Q3
Primary HMI reference	≤1	≤1	≤1
Alternative weighting	≤1	≤1	≤1

22 reference units; 1 sampling family. Counts describe evidence units, not independent studies or certainty.

Contributing family	Reference units	Weight
FDA Total Diet Study	22	100%

Methods

HMI pools subgroup medians for frankfurter, cooked on a as sold, as eaten or fresh weight basis: monitoring results summarized as one median per reporting region, sampling type and collection year, total diet composites and printed sample values as single observations, and printed subgroup medians from ordinary farms or markets. Each sampling family has equal total weight. Non-detects stay as zero-to-limit intervals, so quartiles carry lower and upper bounds. Means, ranges and maxima never enter as observations. Other forms, other bases, targeted sampling and results from mining, industrial, wastewater-affected, experimental, fertiliser or manufacturer settings are kept out of this reference.

Inverse weighted empirical CDF; midpoint at exact cumulative-weight boundaries. At least four reference units and a definitely positive Q1 to Q3 spread are required. This is a display eligibility rule, not statistical validation.

Limitations

FDA Total Diet Study is the only compatible sampling family for frankfurter, cooked on this basis in the completed frankfurter ledger, so this single-family reference cannot represent other markets. Reporting regions and purchase markets are not growing areas. Non-detects with differing limits widen the bounds. A position is descriptive concentration, not a safety or compliance judgment.

Admitted source families

FDA Total Diet Study

Reference version and interpretation

Frozen evidence selection: 2026-10-22. Method: hmi-pooled-reference-v2.

hmi-pooled-reference-v2:frankfurter-779b73d9bf33:01edfa098046

The reference is computed by HMI from admitted evidence, not copied from a study baseline. It describes the evidence currently in this scope; it is not a worldwide or current-lot benchmark. Source, year and region filters do not change it. Different HMI scopes are not one common ranking.

HMI frankfurter tHg reference · Frankfurter, as sold

Reference and scope

HMI frankfurter tHg reference · Frankfurter, as sold. Frankfurter, as sold; As sold, as eaten or fresh weight, µg/kg; no moisture conversion. Distribution of subgroup median concentration values.

Reference (µg/kg)	Q1	Median	Q3
Primary HMI reference	0.2	0.28	0.36
Alternative weighting	0.2	0.28	0.36

2 reference units; 1 sampling family. Counts describe evidence units, not independent studies or certainty.

Contributing family	Reference units	Weight
Dabeka et al. 2003	2	100%

Methods

HMI pools subgroup medians for frankfurter, as sold on a as sold, as eaten or fresh weight basis: monitoring results summarized as one median per reporting region, sampling type and collection year, total diet composites and printed sample values as single observations, and printed subgroup medians from ordinary farms or markets. Each sampling family has equal total weight. Non-detects stay as zero-to-limit intervals, so quartiles carry lower and upper bounds. Means, ranges and maxima never enter as observations. Other forms, other bases, targeted sampling and results from mining, industrial, wastewater-affected, experimental, fertiliser or manufacturer settings are kept out of this reference.

Inverse weighted empirical CDF; midpoint at exact cumulative-weight boundaries. At least four reference units and a definitely positive Q1 to Q3 spread are required. This is a display eligibility rule, not statistical validation.

Limitations

Dabeka et al. 2003 is the only compatible sampling family for frankfurter, as sold on this basis in the completed frankfurter ledger, so this single-family reference cannot represent other markets. Reporting regions and purchase markets are not growing areas. Non-detects with differing limits widen the bounds. A position is descriptive concentration, not a safety or compliance judgment.

Admitted source families

Dabeka et al. 2003

Reference version and interpretation

Frozen evidence selection: 2026-10-22. Method: hmi-pooled-reference-v2.

hmi-pooled-reference-v2:frankfurter-b20b689ce3a5:e8574f0a1514

The reference is computed by HMI from admitted evidence, not copied from a study baseline. It describes the evidence currently in this scope; it is not a worldwide or current-lot benchmark. Source, year and region filters do not change it. Different HMI scopes are not one common ranking.

HMI frankfurter Ni reference · Frankfurter, cooked

Reference and scope

HMI frankfurter Ni reference · Frankfurter, cooked. Frankfurter, cooked; As sold, as eaten or fresh weight, µg/kg; no moisture conversion. Distribution of subgroup median concentration values.

Reference (µg/kg)	Q1	Median	Q3
Primary HMI reference	≤40	≤40	42
Alternative weighting	≤40	≤40	21–41 (bounded)

22 reference units; 1 sampling family. Counts describe evidence units, not independent studies or certainty.

Contributing family	Reference units	Weight
FDA Total Diet Study	22	100%

Methods

HMI pools subgroup medians for frankfurter, cooked on a as sold, as eaten or fresh weight basis: monitoring results summarized as one median per reporting region, sampling type and collection year, total diet composites and printed sample values as single observations, and printed subgroup medians from ordinary farms or markets. Each sampling family has equal total weight. Non-detects stay as zero-to-limit intervals, so quartiles carry lower and upper bounds. Means, ranges and maxima never enter as observations. Other forms, other bases, targeted sampling and results from mining, industrial, wastewater-affected, experimental, fertiliser or manufacturer settings are kept out of this reference.

Inverse weighted empirical CDF; midpoint at exact cumulative-weight boundaries. At least four reference units and a definitely positive Q1 to Q3 spread are required. This is a display eligibility rule, not statistical validation.

Limitations

FDA Total Diet Study is the only compatible sampling family for frankfurter, cooked on this basis in the completed frankfurter ledger, so this single-family reference cannot represent other markets. Reporting regions and purchase markets are not growing areas. Non-detects with differing limits widen the bounds. A position is descriptive concentration, not a safety or compliance judgment.

Admitted source families

FDA Total Diet Study

Reference version and interpretation

Frozen evidence selection: 2026-10-22. Method: hmi-pooled-reference-v2.

hmi-pooled-reference-v2:frankfurter-bd5fdcbb28ba:5873e4668e75

The reference is computed by HMI from admitted evidence, not copied from a study baseline. It describes the evidence currently in this scope; it is not a worldwide or current-lot benchmark. Source, year and region filters do not change it. Different HMI scopes are not one common ranking.

HMI frankfurter Cr reference · Frankfurter, cooked

Reference and scope

HMI frankfurter Cr reference · Frankfurter, cooked. Frankfurter, cooked; As sold, as eaten or fresh weight, µg/kg; no moisture conversion. Distribution of subgroup median concentration values.

Reference (µg/kg)	Q1	Median	Q3
Primary HMI reference	≤50	≤50	≤50
Alternative weighting	≤50	≤50	≤50

22 reference units; 1 sampling family. Counts describe evidence units, not independent studies or certainty.

Contributing family	Reference units	Weight
FDA Total Diet Study	22	100%

Methods

HMI pools subgroup medians for frankfurter, cooked on a as sold, as eaten or fresh weight basis: monitoring results summarized as one median per reporting region, sampling type and collection year, total diet composites and printed sample values as single observations, and printed subgroup medians from ordinary farms or markets. Each sampling family has equal total weight. Non-detects stay as zero-to-limit intervals, so quartiles carry lower and upper bounds. Means, ranges and maxima never enter as observations. Other forms, other bases, targeted sampling and results from mining, industrial, wastewater-affected, experimental, fertiliser or manufacturer settings are kept out of this reference.

Inverse weighted empirical CDF; midpoint at exact cumulative-weight boundaries. At least four reference units and a definitely positive Q1 to Q3 spread are required. This is a display eligibility rule, not statistical validation.

Limitations

FDA Total Diet Study is the only compatible sampling family for frankfurter, cooked on this basis in the completed frankfurter ledger, so this single-family reference cannot represent other markets. Reporting regions and purchase markets are not growing areas. Non-detects with differing limits widen the bounds. A position is descriptive concentration, not a safety or compliance judgment.

Admitted source families

FDA Total Diet Study

Reference version and interpretation

Frozen evidence selection: 2026-10-22. Method: hmi-pooled-reference-v2.

hmi-pooled-reference-v2:frankfurter-8f5b012690f9:a72682c6c9fd

The reference is computed by HMI from admitted evidence, not copied from a study baseline. It describes the evidence currently in this scope; it is not a worldwide or current-lot benchmark. Source, year and region filters do not change it. Different HMI scopes are not one common ranking.

HMI frankfurter U reference · Frankfurter, cooked

Reference and scope

HMI frankfurter U reference · Frankfurter, cooked. Frankfurter, cooked; As sold, as eaten or fresh weight, µg/kg; no moisture conversion. Distribution of subgroup median concentration values.

Reference (µg/kg)	Q1	Median	Q3
Primary HMI reference	≤1	1.3	1.6
Alternative weighting	≤1	1.3	1.7

22 reference units; 1 sampling family. Counts describe evidence units, not independent studies or certainty.

Contributing family	Reference units	Weight
FDA Total Diet Study	22	100%

Methods

HMI pools subgroup medians for frankfurter, cooked on a as sold, as eaten or fresh weight basis: monitoring results summarized as one median per reporting region, sampling type and collection year, total diet composites and printed sample values as single observations, and printed subgroup medians from ordinary farms or markets. Each sampling family has equal total weight. Non-detects stay as zero-to-limit intervals, so quartiles carry lower and upper bounds. Means, ranges and maxima never enter as observations. Other forms, other bases, targeted sampling and results from mining, industrial, wastewater-affected, experimental, fertiliser or manufacturer settings are kept out of this reference.

Inverse weighted empirical CDF; midpoint at exact cumulative-weight boundaries. At least four reference units and a definitely positive Q1 to Q3 spread are required. This is a display eligibility rule, not statistical validation.

Limitations

FDA Total Diet Study is the only compatible sampling family for frankfurter, cooked on this basis in the completed frankfurter ledger, so this single-family reference cannot represent other markets. Reporting regions and purchase markets are not growing areas. Non-detects with differing limits widen the bounds. A position is descriptive concentration, not a safety or compliance judgment.

Admitted source families

FDA Total Diet Study

Reference version and interpretation

Frozen evidence selection: 2026-10-22. Method: hmi-pooled-reference-v2.

hmi-pooled-reference-v2:frankfurter-d2f13b99baec:30c54d3dba26

The reference is computed by HMI from admitted evidence, not copied from a study baseline. It describes the evidence currently in this scope; it is not a worldwide or current-lot benchmark. Source, year and region filters do not change it. Different HMI scopes are not one common ranking.

HMI frankfurter Se reference · Frankfurter, as sold

Reference and scope

HMI frankfurter Se reference · Frankfurter, as sold. Frankfurter, as sold; As sold, as eaten or fresh weight, µg/kg; no moisture conversion. Distribution of subgroup median concentration values.

Reference (µg/kg)	Q1	Median	Q3
Primary HMI reference	275	275	275
Alternative weighting	275	275	275

1 reference units; 1 sampling family. Counts describe evidence units, not independent studies or certainty.

Contributing family	Reference units	Weight
Ventura et al. 2025	1	100%

Methods

HMI pools subgroup medians for frankfurter, as sold on a as sold, as eaten or fresh weight basis: monitoring results summarized as one median per reporting region, sampling type and collection year, total diet composites and printed sample values as single observations, and printed subgroup medians from ordinary farms or markets. Each sampling family has equal total weight. Non-detects stay as zero-to-limit intervals, so quartiles carry lower and upper bounds. Means, ranges and maxima never enter as observations. Other forms, other bases, targeted sampling and results from mining, industrial, wastewater-affected, experimental, fertiliser or manufacturer settings are kept out of this reference.

Inverse weighted empirical CDF; midpoint at exact cumulative-weight boundaries. At least four reference units and a definitely positive Q1 to Q3 spread are required. This is a display eligibility rule, not statistical validation.

Limitations

Ventura et al. 2025 is the only compatible sampling family for frankfurter, as sold on this basis in the completed frankfurter ledger, so this single-family reference cannot represent other markets. Reporting regions and purchase markets are not growing areas. Non-detects with differing limits widen the bounds. A position is descriptive concentration, not a safety or compliance judgment.

Admitted source families

Ventura et al. 2025

Reference version and interpretation

Frozen evidence selection: 2026-10-22. Method: hmi-pooled-reference-v2.

hmi-pooled-reference-v2:frankfurter-1d541038a8c3:fa7025e57d26

The reference is computed by HMI from admitted evidence, not copied from a study baseline. It describes the evidence currently in this scope; it is not a worldwide or current-lot benchmark. Source, year and region filters do not change it. Different HMI scopes are not one common ranking.

How metals reach frankfurter

No study in the library compared frankfurter from contaminated and ordinary settings, so the routes by which metals reach it are not measured here.

Which forms and regions measured lower

The HMI reference for lead in frankfurter, cooked pools 24 subgroup units from 2 sampling families, with a median of between 3 and 4 µg/kg and a middle half spanning below 3.5 (lower quartile) and 4.35 µg/kg (upper quartile).^{1World Health Organization · 2026GEMS/Food Contaminants database heavy-metal exportsGEMS/Food Contamination Monitoring and Assessment ProgrammeRead source →}^{2U.S. Food and Drug Administration · 2022FY2018-FY2020 TDS Elements Analytical ResultsFDA Total Diet StudyRead source →} For lead in frankfurter, as sold, the reference median was below 20 µg/kg, with a middle half from below 16.5 to below 20 µg/kg across 20 units.^{1World Health Organization · 2026GEMS/Food Contaminants database heavy-metal exportsGEMS/Food Contamination Monitoring and Assessment ProgrammeRead source →} For cadmium in frankfurter, cooked, the reference median was 9 µg/kg, with a middle half from 3.35 to 13.2 µg/kg across 23 units.^{1World Health Organization · 2026GEMS/Food Contaminants database heavy-metal exportsGEMS/Food Contamination Monitoring and Assessment ProgrammeRead source →}^{2U.S. Food and Drug Administration · 2022FY2018-FY2020 TDS Elements Analytical ResultsFDA Total Diet StudyRead source →}

Processing, cooking and preparation

Processed or prepared forms were compared only with unprocessed frankfurter in the same study and group. Frankfurter, cooked (PAHO) had cadmium higher at 13.2 µg/kg, against 4 µg/kg for the unprocessed form in the same group (frankfurter, as sold).^{1World Health Organization · 2026GEMS/Food Contaminants database heavy-metal exportsGEMS/Food Contamination Monitoring and Assessment ProgrammeRead source →}

Forms differ in water content, so a per-kilogram difference is not by itself a measured removal or gain of metal.

Mitigation for frankfurter

Lot testing against the applicable limit is the check that can be verified.

No measured way to lower metals in this food is in the library yet.

Trade-offs and limits of controls

Metals do not move together, so a lot that passes a lead limit says little about cadmium, arsenic or nickel unless those are tested as well.

Testing frankfurter for metals

Results depend on the method and its reporting limit. Reporting limits for lead ranged from 0.4 µg/kg (WHO GEMS/Food) to 3,000 µg/kg (WHO GEMS/Food), so a non-detect from a less sensitive method says much less.^{1World Health Organization · 2026GEMS/Food Contaminants database heavy-metal exportsGEMS/Food Contamination Monitoring and Assessment ProgrammeRead source →} Reporting limits for cadmium ranged from 1 µg/kg (FDA Total Diet Study) to 7 µg/kg (WHO GEMS/Food), so a non-detect from a less sensitive method says much less.^{1World Health Organization · 2026GEMS/Food Contaminants database heavy-metal exportsGEMS/Food Contamination Monitoring and Assessment ProgrammeRead source →}^{2U.S. Food and Drug Administration · 2022FY2018-FY2020 TDS Elements Analytical ResultsFDA Total Diet StudyRead source →} Reporting limits for total arsenic ranged from 3 µg/kg (FDA Total Diet Study) to 20 µg/kg (WHO GEMS/Food), so a non-detect from a less sensitive method says much less.^{1World Health Organization · 2026GEMS/Food Contaminants database heavy-metal exportsGEMS/Food Contamination Monitoring and Assessment ProgrammeRead source →}^{2U.S. Food and Drug Administration · 2022FY2018-FY2020 TDS Elements Analytical ResultsFDA Total Diet StudyRead source →}

A useful lot result names the form, the basis and a quantification limit well below the limit that applies.

Buying and verifying frankfurter

No maximum level for metals in frankfurter was verified from primary text for this page; buyers should confirm the limit that applies in the destination market.

Exposure from frankfurter

No source in the library converted frankfurter concentrations into a verified estimate of intake for a defined population. Concentrations describe the food, not individual risk.

Evidence review and remaining gaps

Every source record that names frankfurter was decided on its content: 7 occurrence extracted, 7 records in all. The occurrence table renders every extracted result; held values remain visible with their reason.

References identify the sources used in these answers. The Sources index preserves additional discovery links; inclusion there does not mean a source has been reviewed for this assessment. Corrections, completed searches, new direct evidence and changes in requirements should reopen the relevant answer.

Frankfurter FAQs

What heavy metals are found in frankfurter?

The library reports lead, cadmium, total arsenic, total mercury, nickel, chromium, aluminium, tin, uranium, Cu, Fe, Zn and Se in frankfurter, most often lead, cadmium and total arsenic.^{1World Health Organization · 2026GEMS/Food Contaminants database heavy-metal exportsGEMS/Food Contamination Monitoring and Assessment ProgrammeRead source →}^{2U.S. Food and Drug Administration · 2022FY2018-FY2020 TDS Elements Analytical ResultsFDA Total Diet StudyRead source →}^{3Korfali SI, Abou Hamdan W · 2013Essentail and Toxic Metals in Lebanese Marketed Canned Food: Impact of Metal CansJournal of Food Research 2(1) (2013) 19-30Read source →}^{4Spungen JH, et al. · 2024Infants’ and young children’s dietary exposures to lead and cadmium: FDA total diet study 2018-2020Food Additives & Contaminants: Part ARead source →} WHO GEMS/Food submissions reported lead in frankfurter, cooked from 7 results in 1 reporting region, with a subgroup median of 3.2 µg/kg.^{1World Health Organization · 2026GEMS/Food Contaminants database heavy-metal exportsGEMS/Food Contamination Monitoring and Assessment ProgrammeRead source →}

Does processing change heavy metals in frankfurter?

Only comparisons between forms in the same study are available, not before-and-after measurements of the same frankfurter.^{1World Health Organization · 2026GEMS/Food Contaminants database heavy-metal exportsGEMS/Food Contamination Monitoring and Assessment ProgrammeRead source →} Frankfurter, cooked (PAHO) had cadmium higher at 13.2 µg/kg, against 4 µg/kg for the unprocessed form in the same group (frankfurter, as sold).^{1World Health Organization · 2026GEMS/Food Contaminants database heavy-metal exportsGEMS/Food Contamination Monitoring and Assessment ProgrammeRead source →}

References

Works cited on this page, in citation-number order. See Sources for this page’s source inventory. Each title links to a source record with bibliographic details, reported findings, and document provenance.

GEMS/Food Contaminants database heavy-metal exportsWorld Health Organization · GEMS/Food Contamination Monitoring and Assessment Programme · 2026 · extranet.who.intDataset
FY2018-FY2020 TDS Elements Analytical ResultsU.S. Food and Drug Administration · FDA Total Diet Study · 2022 · www.fda.govDataset
Essentail and Toxic Metals in Lebanese Marketed Canned Food: Impact of Metal CansKorfali SI and Abou Hamdan W · Journal of Food Research 2(1) (2013) 19-30 · 2013 · doi.org/10.5539/jfr.v2n1p19Peer-reviewed
Infants’ and young children’s dietary exposures to lead and cadmium: FDA total diet study 2018-2020Spungen JH and et al. · Food Additives & Contaminants: Part A · 2024 · doi.org/10.1080/19440049.2024.2396910Peer-reviewed
DETERMINATION OF As, Cd, Pb, Cu AND Zn IN MEAT, MEAT PRODUCTS AND FISHTodorovska N, Silovska Nikolova A, and Pejkovski Z · Journal of Agricultural, Food and Environmental Sciences 77(2) (2023) 86-91 · 2023 · doi.org/10.55302/JAFES23772086tPeer-reviewed
Survey of total mercury in total diet food composites and an estimation of the dietary intake of mercury by adults and children from two Canadian cities, 1998-2000Dabeka RW, McKenzie AD, and Bradley P · Food Additives & Contaminants · 2003 · doi.org/10.1080/0265203031000119034Peer-reviewed

Sources

Browse Frankfurter Sources for sources cited on this page and additional discovery candidates. The searchable index distinguishes verified citation use from discovery relationships whose relevance has not been established.

Update history

22 October 2026: Rebuilt from every frankfurter record in the library: 7 occurrence sources, references by form and basis, same-study contrasts.

Referenced by

Meat & poultry

Graph View

1

2

Food and Drug Administration

3

4

Food Additives

5

6

Heavy metals in Frankfurter

Frankfurter overview

What counts as frankfurter

Heavy metal contamination profile of frankfurter

How metals reach frankfurter

Which forms and regions measured lower

Processing, cooking and preparation

Mitigation for frankfurter

Trade-offs and limits of controls

Testing frankfurter for metals

Buying and verifying frankfurter

Exposure from frankfurter

Evidence review and remaining gaps

Frankfurter FAQs

References

Sources

Update history

Related ingredients

Referenced by

Graph View